Abstract: Method of fitting products with stretchable sleeves. A stretchable sheath is placed on a reel by forming a tubular sheath made from a stretchable plastic material of the dimension required to fit the product, flattening the sheath whilst forming a gusset in each side of the contour to reduce the width of the flattened sheath, and winding the sheath onto a reel. The stretchable sleeves are placed on the products by unreeling the sheath with its gussets, aligning the sheath with the production line, feeding the flat sheath into the cutter in order to cut a sleeve, and picking up the cut sleeve in order to place it on the product.

Abstract: A liquid composition is applied onto the surface of the part to be treated, the composition containing a ceramic precursor polymer and a refractory solid filler. After cross-linking, the polymer is transformed into ceramic by heat treatment, and subsequently ceramic is deposited by chemical vapor infiltration. Before the chemical vapor infiltration step, the surface of the part is shaved so as to return the composite part to its initial shape so that the chemical vapor infiltration forms a deposit that fills in the residual micropores in the shaved surface of the part.

Abstract: Thermostructural composite structure having a compositional gradient, formed from a porous core (5) made of a refractory having a pore volume content of greater than or equal to 80%. The core (5) lies between two intermediate layers (6a, 6b) comprising the carbon fiber reinforcement, densified by a matrix composed of the carbon phase and of a ceramic phase, and a refractory solid filler. Two monolithic ceramic shells (7a, 7b) cover the intermediate layers in order to give stiffness to the entire structure.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for fitting stretchable sleeves on containers in the form of a substantially prismatic or cylindrical carton, the opening of which is at least partially surrounded by a rim projecting out towards the exterior. Sleeves are cut from a stretchable sheath and stretched to assume a section slightly bigger than the section of the carton. The sleeve is placed on the carton by moving it from above the base in the direction towards the rim. The apparatus comprises a sheath feed and a sleeve cutting device, a transfer drum equipped with transfer elements, and a placing turret equipped with placing units with two placing elements, each having a stretching tool and a clamping block. A container feed positions the containers, in steps, in synchronization with the placing elements, in the placing zone, the base of the container being turned towards the placing elements.

Abstract: In order to prevent brazing composition from coming into contact with the silicon or other elements present in the materials of two parts made of thermostructural composite material that are being assembled together by brazing, a refractory ceramic material layer is formed at least on those surfaces of the parts that are to be united, which material is not reactive with silicon at brazing temperature.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a part out of impervious thermostructural composite material, the method comprising forming a porous substrate from at least one fiber reinforcement made of refractory fibers, and densifying the reinforcement by a first phase of carbon and by a second phase of silicon carbide. The method then continues by impregnating the porous substrate with a composition based on molten silicon so as to fill in the pores of the substrate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a continuous coating of a part may include providing a separation layer made of a material that is weaker than the material of the coating to be made. The part may be placed on one or more supports, the supports coated with the separation layer. A continuity layer of a component material of the coating to be made is interposed between the part and the or each support, at least in vicinity of the or each support zone. The coating is formed by chemical vapor infiltration or deposition, and the part is then separated from the or each support by rupture within the separation layer, the continuity of the coating of the part in the or each support zone being provided by the portion of the coating that comes from the continuity layer that remains in place on the part.

Abstract: A metal coating is formed on the inside face of a first thermostructural composite material part presenting indentations forming channels, and also on the inside face of a second thermostructural composite material part for being applied against the inside face of the first part, and the first and second parts are assembled together by bonding said inside faces together by hot compression, in particular by hot isostatic pressing, thereby obtaining a thermostructural composite material cooling panel having integrated fluid flow channels. The invention is applicable to making heat exchanger walls such as the walls of combustion chambers in aircraft engines, or the diverging portions of rocket engines, or plasma confinement chambers in nuclear fusion reactors.

Abstract: Thermostructural composite structure having a compositional gradient, formed from a porous core (5) made of a refractory having a pore volume content of greater than or equal to 80%. The core (5) lies between two intermediate layers (6a, 6b) comprising the carbon fiber reinforcement, densified by a matrix composed of the carbon phase and of a ceramic phase, and a refractory solid filler. Two monolithic ceramic shells (7a, 7b) cover the intermediate layers in order to give stiffness to the entire structure.

Abstract: The active cooling panel comprises a first part and a second part of thermostructural composite material, each having an inside face and an opposite outside face, the parts being assembled together by bonding their inside faces together, and channels being formed by indentations formed in the inside face of at least one of the first and second parts. The panel further includes a sealing layer bonded to at least one of the first and second parts and situated at a distance from the assembled-together inside faces thereof. The invention is applicable to making heat exchanger walls such as the walls for the combustion chambers of aircraft engines, or the diverging portions of rocket engines, or plasma confinement chambers in nuclear fusion reactors.

Abstract: Method of fitting products with stretchable sleeves, characterised in that

Abstract: An oxidation-sensitive composite has applied thereto a composition comprising a mixture of boride powder constituted for the most part of TiB2, at least one vitreous refractory oxide powder constituted for the most part by a mixture of borosilicate glass, and a binder containing a ceramic-precursor resin. The resin is cured and is subsequently transformed into a ceramic by heat treatment or during first exposure of the coated part to high temperatures.

Abstract: A part (10) on which a continuous coating is to be formed is put into place on one or more supports provided with a separation layer (26) made of a material that is weaker than the material of the coating to be made. A continuity layer (24) of a component material of the coating to be made is interposed between the part and the or each support, at least in vicinity of the or each support zone. The coating (12) is formed by chemical vapor infiltration or deposition, and the part is then separated from the or each support by rupture within the separation layer (26), the continuity of the coating of the part in the or each support zone being provided by the portion of the coating that comes from the continuity layer (24) that remains in place on the part.

Abstract: A piece for protection has applied thereto a composition comprising a mixture of boride powder constituted for the most part of TiB2, at least one vitreous refractory oxide powder constituted for the most part by a mixture of borosilicate glass, and a binder containing a ceramic-precursor resin. The resin is cured and is subsequently transformed into a ceramic by heat treatment or during first exposure of the coated part to high temperatures.

Abstract: Prior to housing the crucible in the bowl, a consumable buffer ply is applied over at least a portion of the inside face of the bowl, the ply being constituted essentially by a non-rigid carbon fiber fabric for protecting the bowl from both physical and chemical interactions with the crucible. The buffer ply is essentially constituted by a flexible fabric selected from: a woven cloth, a knit, a multidirectional sheet, and a thin felt. Prior to putting the ply into place in the bowl, it is possible to form a thin deposit of pyrolytic carbon on the fibers of the fabric.

Abstract: Prior to housing the crucible in the bowl, a consumable buffer ply is applied over at least a portion of the inside face of the bowl, the ply being constituted essentially by a non-rigid carbon fiber fabric for protecting the bowl from both physical and chemical interactions with the crucible. The buffer ply is essentially constituted by a flexible fabric selected from: a woven cloth, a knit, a multidirectional sheet, and a thin felt. Prior to putting the ply into place in the bowl, it is possible to form a thin deposit of pyrolytic carbon on the fibers of the fabric.

Abstract: The invention concerns (1) thermochemically treating by pack-cementation a carbon-containing material, which may have an open porosity, to generate a refractory carbide coating on its surface and, if the material is porous, within the material; and (2) the use of specific alloys as a pack for thermochemically treating carbon-containing materials, optionally with an open porosity, in a halogenated atmosphere. Pack-cementation is carried out under reduced pressure using an element E (to be transported and to be reacted with the carbon in the material to generate the expected carbide) alloyed to an element M, and using a halide (chloride or fluoride, preferably a fluoride) of the same element M, of low volatility, present in the solid form.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of densifying porous structures by chemical vapor infiltration. In characteristic manner, said densification method is implemented using toluene as a precursor for carbon. Said toluene is generally used mixed with at least one carrier gas.

Abstract: A fiber structure is made by superposing plies of fiber fabric and bonding the plies together by needling, so that the fibers of the superposed plies extend essentially in a first direction (X) and in a second direction (Y) orthogonal thereto, the plies being bonded together by fibers that are moved by the needling in a third direction (Z) extending transversely relative to the plies, and a piston preform is cut out from the needled fiber structure so that one of the first and second directions (X, Y) is parallel to the generator lines of the surface of the preform that corresponds to the cylindrical side surface of the piston. The preform is densified at least in part by the substance that constitutes the matrix of the composite material, and the piston is machined from the densified preform.

Abstract: Between the start and the end of the chemical vapor infiltration process, filtration conditions are modified by causing at least one of the following infiltration parameters to vary: retention time of the gas, pressure, temperature, concentration of precursor in the gas, and concentration of dopant, if any, in the gas; thereby adapting infiltration conditions to changes in the porometry of the substrate in order to control the microstructure of the material deposited within the substrate, in particular in order to conserve a microstructure that is constant.