Abstract: A non-optical bio-disc, a bio-disc device including the non-optical bio-disc and/or optical disc, a bio-driver apparatus in which a controller disc including a controller for the bio-disc is installed, and an assay method using the same, which are suitable for labs-on-a-chips for various diagnostic assays, nucleic acid hybridization assays, and immunoassays, are provided. The bio-driver apparatus is compatible with general optical discs, including audio, CD-ROMs, DVD players, etc. Thus, the bio-driver apparatus and the assay method offer and economical and convenient alternative to existing products. In addition, the bio-driver apparatus can be readily and easily applied in connection with a computer for remote diagnosis via the internet.

Abstract: A cleavable signal element applicable to quantitative and qualitative assay devices, using a cleavable technique specifically responsive to a complementary double strand or single strand of nucleic acids, and a nucleic acid hybridization assay method and device using the cleavable signal element are provided. Using the cleavable technique responsive to the complementary double strand or single strand of nucleic acids, detection sensitivity to a target nucleic acid can be increased, and diagnosis and detection reliability can be improved twice through in-situ determinations. Through simultaneous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection and expression profile determination, more accurate diagnosis for many diseases can be achieved. The assay device can be easily modified to be suitable for detection with general laser-based detection systems such as CD-ROM readers.

Abstract: A micro (thin film type) valve apparatus for controlling fluid flow and its rate using a microbead and a method for controlling the apparatus are provided. The microbead is moved by the magnetic forge generated by upper and lower electromagnets disposed on the top and bottom surface of the body or by the electric field generated by upper and lower electrode plates disposed on the top and bottom surface of the body, thereby interconnecting or blocking flow channels in the body. The micro valve apparatus and the method for controlling the same are suitable for thin film type diagnostic assay devices, such as lab-on-chips, protein chips, or DNA chips, for detecting small quantities of analytes in fluids, and more suitable for interconnecting or blocking channels formed in thin disk type apparatus including general CD-ROMs, DVDs, bioCDs, and bio DVDs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing system and data modulation/demodulation method thereof which compresses level of an input image information to that of an audio information to transfer them through conventional telephone liens after reproducing the stored data stored in a memory. This invention makes it possible to compress or reconstruct the image data without loss. The input image data are compressed to audio data level by factorial-code-conversion, cubic-code-conversion, and FASCM conversion, and are again reconstructed to an original image data by inverse.