Abstract: In one example, an electronic device comprises a substrate comprising a conductive structure and an inner side and an outer side, a first electronic component over the inner side of the substrate and coupled with the conductive structure, a lid over the substrate and the first electronic component and comprising a first hole in the lid, and a thermal interface material between the first electronic component and the lid. The thermal interface material is in the first hole. Other examples and related methods are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A display panel includes an amorphous silicon gate driver in which a lower voltage than the gate-off voltage output from the gate driver is applied to an adjacent stage as a low voltage transmission signal.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a substrate with a conductive structure and a substrate encapsulant. The conductive structure has a lead with a lead via and a lead protrusion. The lead via can include via lateral sides defined by first concave portions and the lead protrusion can include protrusion lateral sides defined by second concave portions. The substrate encapsulant covers the first concave portions at a first side of the substrate but not the second concave portions so that the lead protrusion protrudes from the substrate encapsulant at a second side of the substrate. An electronic component can be adjacent to the first side of the substrate and electrically coupled to the conductive structure. A body encapsulant encapsulates portions of the electronic component and the substrate. The lead can further include a lead trace at the second side of the substrate.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter can include a driving circuit comprising a switch part and a flying capacitor configured to convert an input voltage of an input side into an output voltage of an output side, and a protection circuit configured to be connected to the output side. The protection circuit can be configured to block the fault current flowing to the switch part by lowering the output voltage step by step when a fault occurs.

Abstract: A water sterilization module includes a container including a water inlet and a water outlet and containing water therein, and a light source part mounted on a part of the container and irradiating sterilizing light into the container. The water inlet has a diameter larger than a diameter of the water outlet.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a battery pack which has an upper plate configured to have a seating surface, on which battery modules are seated, and a plurality of members configured to separate the seating surface of the upper plate into a plurality of regions. The method includes calculating height tolerances of the seating surface in the respective regions, determining application amounts of the gap filler in the respective regions based on the calculated height tolerances in the respective regions, and applying the determined application amounts of the gap filler in the respective regions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a battery pack which has an upper plate configured to have a seating surface, on which battery modules are seated, and a plurality of members configured to separate the seating surface of the upper plate into a plurality of regions. The method includes calculating height tolerances of the seating surface in the respective regions, determining application amounts of the gap filler in the respective regions based on the calculated height tolerances in the respective regions, and applying the determined application amounts of the gap filler in the respective regions.

Abstract: A smart multi-card may include: a frame; a wireless communication unit configured to transmit or receive data to or from a card terminal or a communication device through wireless communication; an information storage unit configured to store card information relating to a plurality of cards; a user input unit configured to receive a user input from a user to select card information corresponding to one of the plurality of cards; a display unit configured to visually display the selected card information; and a processor configured to extract the card information selected by the user from the information storage unit, process the card information, deliver the processed card information to the display unit, and process the data transmitted or received through the wireless communication unit.

Abstract: A multi-smartcard may include: a support; a touchscreen disposed on the support configured to receive an input operation from a user including a first input operation and a second input operation; and a processor configured to generate a first user interface (UI) of card information corresponding to the input operation applied to the touchscreen and instruct the touch screen to display the first UI, and to receive the first and second input operations, wherein the processor is configured to change the card category in response to receiving the first input operation and change the card type in response to receiving the second input operation.

Abstract: A smart card may include: a support; and a magnetic field generator arranged on the support and including at least one track configured to generate a magnetic signal corresponding to a card information stored on the smart card by forming a magnetic field, wherein the at least one track may include a single magnetic cell in which both magnetic poles thereof are formed when an electric current flows therethrough, wherein the magnetic cell may include: a first layer having a first circuit pattern and a first via hole; a second layer having a second circuit pattern and a second via hole; and a core material provided between the first layer and the second layer, and wherein the first and second via holes are matched so that the electric current rotationally flows through the circuit patterns and the via holes in a predetermined direction with respect to the core material.

Abstract: A multi-smartcard may include: a support; a touchscreen disposed on the support configured to receive an input operation from a user including a first input operation and a second input operation; and a processor configured to generate a first user interface (UI) of card information corresponding to the input operation applied to the touchscreen and instruct the touch screen to display the first UI, and to receive the first and second input operations, wherein the processor is configured to change the card category in response to receiving the first input operation and change the card type in response to receiving the second input operation.

Abstract: A smart multi-card may include: a frame; a wireless communication unit configured to transmit or receive data to or from a card terminal or a communication device through wireless communication; an information storage unit configured to store card information relating to a plurality of cards; a user input unit configured to receive a user input from a user to select card information corresponding to one of the plurality of cards; a display unit configured to visually display the selected card information; and a processor configured to extract the card information selected by the user from the information storage unit, process the card information, deliver the processed card information to the display unit, and process the data transmitted or received through the wireless communication unit.

Abstract: A smart card may include: a support; and a magnetic field generator arranged on the support and including at least one track configured to generate a magnetic signal corresponding to a card information stored on the smart card by forming a magnetic field, wherein the at least one track may include a single magnetic cell in which both magnetic poles thereof are formed when an electric current flows therethrough, wherein the magnetic cell may include: a first layer having a first circuit pattern and a first via hole; a second layer having a second circuit pattern and a second via hole; and a core material provided between the first layer and the second layer, and wherein the first and second via holes are matched so that the electric current rotationally flows through the circuit patterns and the via holes in a predetermined direction with respect to the core material.

Abstract: A fluidized membrane bioreactor comprising a bioreactor including biochemically active organisms; fluidized particles which is a support media to be attached by the organisms; and membranes which permit treated water to pass through except the organisms, wherein the fluidized particles are in direct contact with the membranes. The membranes are installed internally or externally to the bioreactor. The particles may be granular activated carbon or other suitable materials. The fluidized particles serve not only as support media for microorganisms, but also as media for sorption or otherwise retention of matter that can cause membrane fouling and as an abrasive material for cleaning the membrane surface.

Abstract: A fluidized membrane bioreactor comprising a bioreactor including biochemically active organisms; fluidized particles which is a support media to be attached by the organisms; and membranes which permit treated water to pass through except the organisms, wherein the fluidized particles are in direct contact with the membranes. The membranes are installed internally or externally to the bioreactor. The particles may be granular activated carbon or other suitable materials. The fluidized particles serve not only as support media for microorganisms, but also as media for sorption or otherwise retention of matter that can cause membrane fouling and as an abrasive material for cleaning the membrane surface.

Abstract: A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalytic converter that does not require the injection of a reducing agent, and, particularly, to an open-flow type or wall-flow type SCR catalytic converter that does not require the injection of a reducing agent, which includes a front portion, in which first supports supporting modified catalyst components are applied on the inner surfaces of porous partition walls, a middle portion, in which second supports supporting ammonia synthesis catalyst components are applied on the inner surfaces of porous partition walls, and a rear portion, in which third supports supporting SCR reducing catalyst components are applied on the inner surfaces of porous partition walls. The catalytic converter can improve a reduction rate of NOx without requiring the injection of an ammonia reducing agent from the outside.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalytic converter that does not require the injection of a reducing agent, and, particularly, to an open-flow type or wall-flow type SCR catalytic converter that does not require the injection of a reducing agent, which includes a front portion, in which first supports supporting modified catalyst components are applied on the inner surfaces of porous partition walls, a middle portion, in which second supports supporting ammonia synthesis catalyst components are applied on the inner surfaces of porous partition walls, and a rear portion, in which third supports supporting SCR reducing catalyst components are applied on the inner surfaces of porous partition walls. More particularly, the present invention relates to a catalytic converter, which can improve a reduction rate of NOx without requiring the injection of an ammonia reducing agent from the outside.

Abstract: Disclosed is a diesel particulate filter, including a plurality of cells, which are partitioned by porous cell walls and are closed in a staggered manner by plugs at the upstream end of the filter and at the opposite downstream end thereof, wherein a first oxidation catalyst coating layer is formed on the entire surfaces of the cell walls of the cells that are open at the upstream end of the filter, and a second oxidation catalyst coating layer is formed on the surfaces of the cell walls of the cells, which are open at the downstream end of the filter, in the downstream half part of the filter.

Abstract: A system for in-situ bioremediation includes a well extending into a saturated zone. The well includes a casing having two permeable sections in the saturated zone. Groundwater may be recirculated through the well and the saturated zone between the two permeable sections. Nutrients, such as oxygen and methane, may be added to the groundwater as it flows in the well. A venturi transfer device may be used to supply the nutrients.