Abstract: A memory device includes a cell region including a channel region extending to be perpendicular to an upper surface of a substrate, a plurality of gate electrode layers stacked on the substrate adjacently to the channel region, a peripheral circuit region including a first active region disposed in the vicinity of the cell region, a second active region having an area larger than an area of the first active region, a plurality of first contacts connected to the first active region, and a plurality of second contacts connected to the second active region. A distance between the plurality of first contacts is less than that between the plurality of second contacts.

Abstract: Provided are a panel inspection method and apparatus, the panel inspection method including: (a) determining if a variance value of luminance of a captured image of a panel is greater than a reference value, and searching for an original image and at least one secondary reflective image of a defect of the panel if it is determined that the variance value is greater than the reference value; and (b) determining whether the defect is an actual defect or an impurity disposed on the panel based on at least one of a difference in a luminance characteristic between the original image and the secondary reflective image and a number of the searched secondary reflective image.

Abstract: Provided are a panel inspection method and apparatus, the panel inspection method including: (a) determining if a variance value of luminance of a captured image of a panel is greater than a reference value, and searching for an original image and at least one secondary reflective image of a defect of the panel if it is determined that the variance value is greater than the reference value; and (b) determining whether the defect is an actual defect or an impurity disposed on the panel based on at least one of a difference in a luminance characteristic between the original image and the secondary reflective image and a number of the searched secondary reflective image.

Abstract: Provided is a swaging apparatus for smoothly swaging a can of a rechargeable battery by absorbing excessive load above a predetermined level between a rod of a driving part and a collet of a driven part. A swaging apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment includes a collet housing for swaging a can including an electrode assembly, a collet for swaging an opening of the can inserted in the collet housing, a shock-absorbing part disposed in the collet housing and connected to the collet, and a rod connected to the shock-absorbing part to transmit a swaging load to the collet through the shock-absorbing part.

Abstract: A laser cleaning device, and a laser cleaning method using the same, for removing an electrolyte solution stuck to an electrolyte tab during a process of injecting the electrolyte solution are disclosed. The laser cleaning device for an electrode tab of a battery includes: a cleaning housing, in which a battery case for receiving an electrode group, an electrolyte solution and an electrode tab exposed to the outside are embedded; a laser generator which includes a laser source for generating a laser beam and an output controller for controlling output of the laser beam; a laser transmitter which transmits the laser beam generated by the laser generator; and a laser emitting unit which is installed inside the cleaning housing, and which irradiates the laser beam transmitted by the laser transmitter onto the electrode tab so as to remove liquid pollutants stuck to the electrode tab. The laser cleaning method comprises steps generally corresponding to the latter functions of the laser cleaning device.

Abstract: An apparatus is configured to allocate an IDentification (ID) cell to avoid duplication of a preamble Pseudo Noise (PN) code in a broadband wireless communication system. The apparatus selects one sector inside the system. A temporary ID cell for the selected sector is selected. Whether an ID cell of a sector to which an ID cell has been already allocated inside a minimum unit group for ID cell allocation is the same as the temporary ID cell is determined. Whether PN codes of sectors inside a neighbor list of the selected sector are the same as temporary PN codes determined using the temporary ID cell are determined. When the temporary ID cell is not duplicated and the temporary PN codes are not duplicated, the selected temporary ID cell is allocated as an ID cell of the selected sector.

Abstract: Provided is a swaging apparatus for smoothly swaging a can of a rechargeable battery by absorbing excessive load above a predetermined level between a rod of a driving part and a collet of a driven part. A swaging apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment includes a collet housing for swaging a can including an electrode assembly, a collet for swaging an opening of the can inserted in the collet housing, a shock-absorbing part disposed in the collet housing and connected to the collet, and a rod connected to the shock-absorbing part to transmit a swaging load to the collet through the shock-absorbing part.

Abstract: A laser cleaning device, and a laser cleaning method using the same, for removing an electrolyte solution stuck to an electrolyte tab during a process of injecting the electrolyte solution are disclosed. The laser cleaning device for an electrode tab of a battery includes: a cleaning housing, in which a battery case for receiving an electrode group, an electrolyte solution and an electrode tab exposed to the outside are embedded; a laser generator which includes a laser source for generating a laser beam and an output controller for controlling output of the laser beam; a laser transmitter which transmits the laser beam generated by the laser generator; and a laser emitting unit which is installed inside the cleaning housing, and which irradiates the laser beam transmitted by the laser transmitter onto the electrode tab so as to remove liquid pollutants stuck to the electrode tab. The laser cleaning method comprises steps generally corresponding to the latter functions of the laser cleaning device.

Abstract: An internal cooling apparatus for automobiles includes a first expansion valve for spraying a coolant to a main evaporator through a high-pressure pipe, a compressor receiving the coolant evaporated in the main evaporator through a low-pressure pipe, a condenser receiving the coolant compressed in the compressor, and a plurality of sub-evaporators each being installed inside of a seat to contact an automobile passenger. One end of each of the sub-evaporators is communicated with the high-pressure pipe and the other end thereof is communicated with the low-pressure pipe such that part of the coolant sprayed through the first expansion valve is supplied to the compressor via each of the sub-evaporators.

Abstract: A panel gripping jig for gripping a panel, regardless of the size and shape of the panel, includes a welding unit for temporarily holding the panel. A separation unit releases the coupling state of the panel and the welding unit. A mounting arm has the welding unit mounted thereon, moves the welding unit in a longitudinal direction thereof, and has a connection part to connect the mounting arm to a working robot. A displacement unit adjusts the position of the welding unit on the mounting arm. A control board outputs control signals to operate the welding unit, the separation unit, and the displacement unit according to a user input.

Abstract: An apparatus is configured to allocate an IDentification (ID) cell to avoid duplication of a preamble Pseudo Noise (PN) code in a broadband wireless communication system. The apparatus selects one sector inside the system. A temporary ID cell for the selected sector is selected. Whether an ID cell of a sector to which an ID cell has been already allocated inside a minimum unit group for ID cell allocation is the same as the temporary ID cell is determined. Whether PN codes of sectors inside a neighbor list of the selected sector are the same as temporary PN codes determined using the temporary ID cell are determined. When the temporary ID cell is not duplicated and the temporary PN codes are not duplicated, the selected temporary ID cell is allocated as an ID cell of the selected sector.

Abstract: An internal cooling apparatus for automobiles includes a first expansion valve for spraying a coolant to a main evaporator through a high-pressure pipe, a compressor receiving the coolant evaporated in the main evaporator through a low-pressure pipe, a condenser receiving the coolant compressed in the compressor, and a plurality of sub-evaporators each being installed inside of a seat to contact an automobile passenger. One end of each of the sub-evaporators is communicated with the high-pressure pipe and the other end thereof is communicated with the low-pressure pipe such that part of the coolant sprayed through the first expansion valve is supplied to the compressor via each of the sub-evaporators.

Abstract: A panel gripping jig for gripping a panel, regardless of the size and shape of the panel, includes a welding unit for temporarily holding the panel. A separation unit releases the coupling state of the panel and the welding unit. A mounting arm has the welding unit mounted thereon, moves the welding unit in a longitudinal direction thereof, and has a connection part to connect the mounting arm to a working robot. A displacement unit adjusts the position of the welding unit on the mounting arm. A control board outputs control signals to operate the welding unit, the separation unit, and the displacement unit according to a user input.

Abstract: A color selection apparatus for a cathode ray tube. A mask frame having a pair of supporting members is disposed in parallel and spaced away from each other. A pair of elastic members is disposed between and coupled to the supporting members. A tensioned mask is coupled to the supporting members and is provided with a plurality of beam-passing apertures. A spring assembly includes a hook having a frame fixing part fixed on the mask frame and a spring fixing part and a spring fixed to the spring fixing part. The hook has a cut-away portion defined by cutting a portion of the frame fixing part. The cut-away portion forms a welding portion for welding the hook to the mask frame.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for building a home-zone database using data measured while moving about the home-zone service area in a mobile communication system, which includes a mobile diagnostic monitor with a GPS antenna, a mobile telephone and a base station database.

Abstract: A method for optimizing the performance of the code division multiple access system and the air field environments is disclosed. The invention includes the step of connecting a CDMA mobile station to a PC (Personal Computer), the step of connecting a GPS (Global Positioning System) to the PC, the step of operating a DM (Diagnostic Monitor) under a windows OS (Operating System), the step of requesting desired data to be transmitted to the mobile station by the DM, the step of measuring corresponding items and the present state [OF WHAT?] and transmitting the measured data to the DM, the step of requesting the data of the present position to the GPS by the DM, the step of transmitting the data of the present position to the DM by the GPS, the step of analyzing the data received from the mobile station and the GPS by the DM, and the step of displaying the analyzed results.

Abstract: A method for constructing a zone database for providing home zone services to the subscribers of a mobile communications system, comprises the steps of dividing a service area into a plurality of home service zones; simulating the communication coverage of the base stations for each of the home service zones; detecting the pilot signal strengths of the base stations; and, selecting a given number of the base stations in the order of pilot signal strength as the home zone.

Abstract: A color selection apparatus for a cathode ray tube. A mask frame having a pair of supporting members is disposed in parallel and spaced away from each other. A pair of elastic members is disposed between and coupled to the supporting members. A tensioned mask is coupled to the supporting members and is provided with a plurality of beam-passing apertures. A spring assembly includes a hook having a frame fixing part fixed on the mask frame and a spring fixing part and a spring fixed to the spring fixing part. The hook has a cut-away portion defined by cutting a portion of the frame fixing part. The cut-away portion forms a welding portion for welding the hook to the mask frame.

Abstract: A shadow mask/frame assembly for a color CRT includes a shadow mask including a hole portion having a predetermined curvature where a plurality of electron beam passing holes are formed and a bending portion extending from the edge of the hole portion by being bent at a predetermined angle, and a frame including a skirt portion coupled to the bending portion of the shadow mask, a flange portion extending from the skirt portion by being bent at a right angle thereto, a connection portion extending downward from the flange portion, and an extension portion extending from the connection portion, parallel to the flange portion.

Abstract: A welding positioning system for seam welding adapted to to simplify a positioning determination of welding portion, thereby reducing working hours for taking the positioning determination and to automatically adjust the degree of lapped portion according to thickness of metal plate, thereby reducing adjusting time and to automatically accord the center line of welding, thereby improving a welded quality, the system comprising: a stopper vertically moving according to the center line of welding to adjust the degree of lapped portion at left and right metal plates; left and right hinge brackets rotatably mounted at a hinge axis at one side thereof in order to rotate within a predetermined range the metal plates inserted into the left and right sides of the stopper; and a pair of left and right clamps mounted at one side of the left and right hinge brackets for moving vertically to fix the metal plates.