Abstract: A method for monitoring a downlink control channel, is performed by a user equipment (UE) configured with multiple carriers and includes receiving information on carrier index, determining a plurality of UE-specific search spaces for monitoring the downlink control channel, and monitoring the downlink control channel within the plurality of UE-specific search spaces, wherein location of each of the plurality of the UE-specific search spaces is determined based on the carrier index.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method in which a user equipment receives a downlink signal from a base station in a wireless communication system that supports downlink mimo transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: receiving downlink control information that includes information indicative of the number of layers (n, 1?n?8) where one or two enabled code words of the downlink mimo transmission are mapped; on the basis of the downlink control information, receiving downlink data transmitted over the respective n layers and a ue-specific reference signal for each of the n layers; and decoding the downlink data on the basis of the ue-specific reference signals, wherein the information indicative of the number of layers can further include information on a code for identifying the ue-specific reference signals.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a device for transmitting uplink control information (UCI) by a terminal in a wireless communication system. The UCI transmission method comprises the steps of: generating an encoding information bit stream by performing channel coding for a UCI bit stream; generating complex modulation symbols by performing modulation for the generated encoding information bit stream; spreading the complex modulation symbols in block-wise on the basis of an orthogonal sequence; and transmitting the spread complex modulation symbols to a base station. The encoding information bit stream is generated by a channel coding for circularly repeating the UCI bit stream.

Abstract: A method for efficiently transmitting and receiving downlink control information is disclosed. The method includes, at a base station, receiving feedback information including a precoding matrix index (PMI) from a user equipment (UE) and transmitting precoding information having a predetermined bit number according to the number of antenna ports and a transmission mode of the base station. The precoding information of a predetermined transmission mode in the precoding information includes confirmation information indicating that the base station uses a PMI which is recently received from the UE.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS), by a user equipment (UE), in a wireless communication system is discussed. The method includes receiving, by the UE from a base station, a cyclic shift field in downlink control information (DCI), wherein the cyclic shift field indicates first, second, and third cyclic shift values for first, second, and third layers respectively, generating, by the UE, first, second, and third DMRSs for the first, second, and third layers respectively, based on first, second, and third cyclic shifts respectively, wherein the first, second, and third cyclic shifts are determined based on the first, second, and third cyclic shift values respectively, and transmitting, by the UE to the base station, the first, second, and third DMRSs.

Abstract: A method of measuring interference to perform efficient data communication is disclosed. A method of measuring interference of neighboring cells comprises allocating one or more first resource elements, to which pilot signals are allocated, to predetermined symbol regions included in a first resource block; allocating one or more second resource elements for measuring interference of the neighboring cells to a first symbol region of the predetermined symbol regions; and measuring interference of the neighboring cells using the one or more second resource elements.

Abstract: A method and wireless station for receiving signals. The wireless station receives, from a base station, a control signal on a first subframe indicated as a downlink (DL) subframe by a time division duplex (TDD) uplink-downlink (UL-DL) subframe configuration. The control signal includes first information indicating that at least one UL subframe indicated by the TDD UL-DL subframe configuration is reconfigured as a TDD DL subframe. The wireless station receives, from the base station, DL data on a second subframe which was indicated as a TDD UL subframe by the TDD UL-DL subframe configuration but is currently reconfigured as a TDD DL subframe by the control signal. The wireless station transmits, to the base station, UL data on a TDD UL subframe except for being reconfigured as the TDD DL subframe by the control signal.

Abstract: A method of transmitting a reference signal by a base station in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes: generating a plurality of reference signals for channel measurement, wherein the plurality of reference signals for channel measurement are different types; and transmitting the plurality of reference signals for channel measurement, wherein the plurality of reference signals for channel measurement are transmitted using one or more subframes as a duty cycle.

Abstract: A method of generating Acknowledgement/Negative Acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is discussed. The method includes receiving, by the UE from a base station (BS), a plurality of codewords through a plurality of downlink frequency bands related to a plurality of downlink carriers, wherein the UE is configured with a 1-codeword mode or a 2-codeword mode for each of the plurality of downlink frequency bands independently, and wherein a number of supported codewords is one for the 1-codeword mode or two for the 2-codeword mode; determining, by the UE, a total number of ACK/NACK bits, wherein the total number of ACK/NACK bits is determined based on a total number of the plurality of downlink carriers and the number of supported codewords; and generating, by the UE, a sequence of the ACK/NACK bits based on the total number of the ACK/NACK bits.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for transmitting, by a base station, a downlink signal using a plurality of transmission antennas comprises the steps of: applying a precoding matrix indicated by the PMI, received from a terminal, in a codebook to a plurality of layers, and transmitting the precoded signal to the terminal through a plurality of transmission antennas. Among precoding matrices included in the codebook, a precoding matrix for even number transmission layers can be a 2×2 matrix containing four matrices (W1s), the matrix (W1) having rows of a number of transmission antennas and columns of half the number of transmission layers, the first and second columns of the first row in the 2×2 matrix being multiplied by 1, the first column of the second row being multiplied by coefficient “a” of a phase, and the first column of the second row being multiplied by “?a”.

Abstract: A method for mapping uplink data to a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method includes receiving a configuration for a UE-specific aperiodic sounding reference signal (SRS) subframe from a base station; and mapping the uplink data to the PUSCH in the UE-specific aperiodic SRS subframe, wherein the UE-specific aperiodic SRS subframe includes a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol reserved for an aperiodic SRS, wherein the aperiodic SRS is selectively transmitted in the reserved SC-FDMA symbol to the base station, and the aperiodic SRS is transmitted in the reserved SC-FDMA symbol when triggered by the base station, and wherein the uplink data is mapped to SC-FDMA symbols other than the SC-FDMA symbol reserved for the aperiodic SRS in the UE-specific aperiodic SRS subframe in a case when the aperiodic SRS is not transmitted in the reserved SC-FDMA symbol.

Abstract: A bladed disk may be arranged to rotate about an axis of rotation and including a rotor disk having an axial length extending from a first end to a second end, along the axis of rotation and a radial thickness extending between a first radius from the axis of rotation and a second radius from the axis of rotation, less than the first radius. The bladed disk may include a plurality of blades formed integrally with the rotor disk and arranged circumferentially around the rotor disk, and a first set of divides and a second set of divides, each divide comprising a partial break in the rotor disk extending axially from the first end of the rotor disk to the second end of the rotor disk and radially from the first radius to a third radius, less than the first radius and greater than the second radius.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a control signal (for example, PDCCH signal) in an asymmetric multicarrier environment. The method for transmitting a control signal for an asymmetric multicarrier in a wireless connection system according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: determining the size of a carrier indicator field (CIF) indicating a downlink component carrier (DL CC) by which downlink data is transmitted, on the basis of a maximum value of the number of DL CCs and of the number of uplink component carriers (UL CCs) being managed in a base station; transmitting the CIF on a 1st DL CC to a terminal through a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH); and transmitting downlink data on a 2nd DL CC indicated by the CIF to the terminal through a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

Abstract: A method and a user equipment (UE) for transmitting control information in a wireless communication system are discussed. The method according to one embodiment includes receiving a parameter which indicates whether transmission of a hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and a sounding reference signal (SRS) in one subframe is configured; if the parameter is true, transmitting, in a primary component carrier (CC), the PUCCH, which coincides in a same subframe as the SRS, by using a shortened PUCCH format carrying at least one of the HARQ-ACK and a positive scheduling request (SR); and if the parameter is false, transmitting the PUCCH by using a normal PUCCH format, while not transmitting, in a secondary CC, the SRS which coincides in the same subframe as the PUCCH. The shortened PUCCH format is a shortened PUCCH format 1/1a/1b or a shortened PUCCH format 3.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a downlink control channel in a mobile communication system and a method for mapping the control channel to physical resources using a block interleaver are provided. In order to transmit a downlink control channel in a mobile communication system, information bits are modulated to generate one or more modulation symbols according to a specific modulation scheme, the modulation symbols are interleaved using a block interleaver, and the interleaved modulated symbols are mapped to resource elements allocated for transmission of at least one control channel in a subframe, thereby transmitting the at least one control channel.

Abstract: A method of transmitting a reference signal by a base station in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes: generating a plurality of reference signals for channel measurement, wherein the plurality of reference signals for channel measurement are different types; and transmitting the plurality of reference signals for channel measurement, wherein the plurality of reference signals for channel measurement are transmitted using one or more subframes as a duty cycle.

Abstract: A method of generating Acknowledgement/Negative Acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system supporting carrier aggregation, the method including receiving, by the UE from a base station (BS), a plurality of codewords through a plurality of downlink frequency bands corresponding to a plurality of downlink carriers, wherein each of the plurality of downlink frequency bands operates in a 1-codeword mode or a 2-codeword mode, and a number of supported codewords according to the 1-codeword mode or the 2-codeword mode is independently configured for each of the downlink frequency bands, determining, by the UE, a total number of ACK/NACK bits, wherein the total number of ACK/NACK bits is determined based on a total number of the plurality of downlink carriers and the number of supported codewords according to the 1-codeword mode or the 2-codeword mode and generating, by the UE, a sequence of the ACK/NACK bits according to the total number of the ACK/NACK bits.

Abstract: A hybrid memory system may include: a volatile memory; a nonvolatile memory; and a memory controller configured to a threshold value for a read-to-write ratio according to a refresh interval of the volatile memory, and to perform migration of a page between the volatile memory and the nonvolatile memory based on the threshold value and a read-to-write ratio of the page.

Abstract: A method for receiving data by a relay station (RS) in a wireless communication system includes: receiving radio resource allocation information via an R-PDCCH (R-Physical Downlink Control Channel); and receiving data from a base station (BS) via an R-PDSCH (R-Physical Downlink Shared Channel) indicated by the radio resource allocation information, wherein the radio resource allocation information includes information regarding an allocation of resource blocks in a frequency domain and information regarding an allocation of OFDM symbols in a time domain. Since the radio resource allocation information providing information regarding a time relationship between a control channel transmitted by the BS to a UE and a control channel transmitted by the RS to a UE connected to the RS is provided, the RS can reliably receive a signal transmitted from the BS in a backhaul link between the BS and the RS in a wireless communication system including the RS.

Abstract: A method for efficiently transmitting and receiving a control channel and/or a data channel in a radio communication system using multiple carriers is described. The embodiments of the present invention provide various multi-carrier system structures and various methods for setting a reference carrier in a multi-carrier system. The embodiments of the present invention also provide methods for efficiently transmitting control channels using a coordination field.