Abstract: An apparatus for transmitting a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bootstrap generation unit for generating a bootstrap for signaling a system bandwidth field, corresponding to a system bandwidth for a post-bootstrap, and a baseband sampling rate coefficient; a preamble generation unit for generating a preamble located immediately following the bootstrap in a broadcast signal frame; and a payload generation unit for generating one or more subframes located immediately following the preamble in the broadcast signal frame. Here, the preamble may include L1 signaling data, and the L1 signaling data may include a reduced carrier coefficient.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel electrode, a pixel defining layer disposed on the pixel electrode and forming an opening which exposes a portion of the pixel electrode, an auxiliary electrode disposed on the pixel defining layer and the pixel electrode, an intermediate layer disposed on the pixel defining layer and the auxiliary electrode and a common electrode disposed on the intermediate layer. The pixel defining layer includes a recessed portion recessed into the pixel defining layer, the auxiliary electrode includes a first undercut forming portion disposed on the recessed portion and contacting the portion of the pixel electrode, and the intermediate layer includes a hole injection layer, a light-emitting layer and an electron injection layer stacked sequentially. The hole injection layer includes a first portion disposed on the first undercut forming portion and a second portion separated from the first portion and disposed on the recessed portion.

Abstract: A vehicular air conditioning system includes: a refrigerant circulation line including first and second evaporators through which refrigerant can flow in a cooling mode, and first and second expansion valves configured to depressurize and expand the refrigerant introduced into each of the first and second evaporators; and refrigerant flow control part provided in front of the first evaporator and the first expansion valve and configured to control refrigerant flow. The first evaporator is used for cooling rear seat region of a passenger room and the refrigerant flow control part is configured to supply and block the refrigerant with respect to the first evaporator and the first expansion valve and is configured to block the refrigerant when the cooling governed by the first evaporator is controlled in a turn-off mode and supply the refrigerant to the first evaporator and the first expansion valve depending on the on/off condition of the cooling governed by the second evaporator.

Abstract: A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 7/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel electrode, a pixel defining layer including an opening extending to a portion of the pixel electrode, a first auxiliary electrode on the portion of the pixel electrode to which the opening extends, a second auxiliary electrode on the first auxiliary electrode, an intermediate layer on the pixel defining layer and the second auxiliary electrode, and a common electrode on the intermediate layer. A side surface of the first auxiliary electrode is positioned inward of a side surface of the second auxiliary electrode within the opening of the pixel defining layer to form an undercut shape. A hole injection layer of the intermediate layer includes a first portion on a side surface of the pixel defining layer defining the opening of the pixel defining layer, and a second portion disconnected from the first portion and on the second auxiliary electrode.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioner for minimizing the leakage of air through a dual blocking structure between upper and lower flow paths, and having a dual blocking structure. An air-conditioning case having an inner air flow path is divided into an upper flow path and a lower flow path. A heat exchanger for cooling and a heat exchanger for heating are provided in the air flow path of the air-conditioning case. A member having through-holes is disposed downstream of the heat exchanger for heating in the flow direction of air and allows the air that has passed through the heat exchanger for heating to pass therethrough. The member having through-holes has a horizontal member dividing the upper flow path from the lower flow path. A leakage-preventing means is overlapped with the horizontal member so as to prevent the air in the upper flow path and the lower flow path from mixing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for measuring a railroad of a transfer vehicle to check the installation status of the railroad to ensure that the railroad of the transfer vehicle is installed in accordance with specifications. The apparatus may include a body formed in correspondence with a railroad of the transfer vehicle, a detector provided to the body and arranged in contact with the railroad, and a displacement measurer configured to measure a displacement of the detector in contact with the railroad.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a bit line conductive layer disposed on the substrate and extending in a first lateral direction substantially parallel to a surface of the substrate, first and second channel structures disposed on the bit line conductive layer to be spaced apart from each other in the first lateral direction, first and second gate dielectric layers disposed on side surfaces of the first and second channel structures over the substrate, first and second gate line conductive layers disposed on the first and second gate dielectric layers, respectively, the first and second gate line conductive layers common to the first and second channel structures, respectively, and extending in a second lateral direction perpendicular to the first lateral direction and substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate, and first and second storage node electrode layers disposed over the first and second channel structures, respectively.

Abstract: A display device includes a thin-film transistor, a source/drain electrode and an auxiliary electrode including a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer disposed on the first conductive layer, a via insulating layer having a first opening exposing the auxiliary electrode, a capping layer covering a portion of the auxiliary electrode and a light emitting material layer and a common electrode layer sequentially stacked on the via insulating layer and the capping layer, wherein the source/drain electrode is electrically connected to the thin-film transistor through a contact hole penetrating the interlayer insulating layer, the auxiliary electrode has an undercut, and the capping layer includes a first capping layer covering side surfaces of the first conductive layer of the auxiliary electrode and a second capping layer separated from the first capping layer and disposed on the second conductive layer of the auxiliary electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for multiplexing signals using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. A signal multiplexing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to combine a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels, and a time interleaver configured to perform interleaving applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: A display device may include a first electrode, a second electrode, an emission layer, an intervening layer, and a first encapsulation layer. The second electrode may overlap the first electrode. The emission layer may be disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, may overlap the first electrode, and may include a light emitting material. The intervening layer may directly contact the second electrode, may be spaced from each of the first electrode and the emission layer, and may include a fluorine compound. A first section of the first encapsulation layer may overlap the emission layer. The intervening layer may be positioned between the second electrode and a second section of the first encapsulation layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a substrate, a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel disposed on the substrate and configured to emit red light, green light, and blue light, respectively, partition walls disposed between the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel, and configured to not transmit light, in which the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel include a first light emitting cell, a second light emitting cell, and a third light emitting cell, respectively, and a height of each of the first, second, and third light emitting cells is lower than a height of the partition walls, and a difference between the height of the partition walls and the height of each of the first, second, and third light emitting cells is less than 100 ?m.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dissimilar metal-supported catalyst for the production of aromatics by methane dehydroaromatization. In the dissimilar metal-supported catalyst, a noble metal such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), and/or rhodium (Rh) is introduced into a catalyst supported with iron (Fe) on a zeolite support to promote the dehydrogenation of methane and the formation of iron carbide (Fe3C) as an active species for dehydroaromatization, achieving a greatly improved yield of aromatics. Also disclosed is a method for producing aromatics using the dissimilar metal-supported catalyst.

Abstract: A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 7/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes a substrate, a photoelectric element disposed on the substrate and that includes a first electrode, an intermediate layer disposed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the intermediate layer, a barrier layer disposed on the second electrode, an insulating layer that covers the photoelectric element and the barrier layer, and a bias electrode disposed on the insulating layer and electrically connected to the second electrode. The barrier layer is spaced apart from the first electrode.

Abstract: A display device according to an embodiment includes a pixel electrode disposed on a substrate, a pixel defining layer disposed on the pixel electrode and including a pixel opening overlapping the pixel electrode, an encapsulation layer disposed on the pixel defining layer, a sensing electrode portion disposed on the encapsulation layer, a sensing insulating layer overlapping at least part of the sensing electrode portion, and an adhesive layer disposed on the sensing insulating layer. The sensing insulating layer includes a first region overlapping the sensing electrode portion, and a second region overlapping the pixel opening. A refractive index of the adhesive layer is less than a refractive index of the sensing insulating layer.

Abstract: An air conditioner for a vehicle including an air-conditioning case divided into a plurality of air passageways by a separation wall. A heating heat exchanger is disposed inside the air-conditioning case and exchanges heat with air to heat the interior of the vehicle. A perforated member is disposed at a downstream side of the heating heat exchanger and has a plurality of perforated holes through which the air passing the heating heat exchanger passes, and a partition wall is disposed between the heating heat exchanger and the perforated member to divide the air passageway of the air-conditioning case into a plurality of air passageways, wherein the partition wall is formed integrally with the perforated member.

Abstract: A light emitting module includes at least one light source that generates a first light having a first wavelength region, and a wavelength converter that is excited by the first light and generates a second light having a second wavelength region. The wavelength converter includes a wavelength converting material that is excited by the first light to generate a third light having a third wavelength region, and in the second light, the first light and the third light are mixed at predetermined ratios.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a slurry composition for polishing an organic film, and the slurry composition for polishing an organic film according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: abrasive particles; a polishing control agent containing an organic acid, an inorganic acid, or both; an organic film polishing enhancer containing an amide compound or an amide polymer; an oxidizing agent; and a pH control agent.