Abstract: A display apparatus can include a substrate having a penetrating area and a separating area, the penetrating area including a substrate hole, a first buffer layer having a first-buffer lower layer, and a first-buffer upper layer, a first thin film transistor including a first semiconductor pattern, a first gate electrode, and a first source electrode and a first drain electrode, a first interlayer insulating film; a second interlayer insulating film, an opening extending through the second interlayer insulating film, the first interlayer insulating film, the first gate insulating film and the first-buffer upper layer, and a separation structure in the opening, the separation structure including a first separation layer having a same stacked structure as the first-buffer upper layer, a second separation layer having a same stacked structure as the first gate insulating film, and a third separation layer having a same stacked structure as the first gate electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is an interface system including a first neuron cluster that outputs a first neuron signal including a first neuron request and first neuron data by performing a first arithmetic operation, and a first interface circuit that stores the first neuron data and outputs a first response, in response to the first neuron request. The first neuron cluster outputs a second neuron signal including a second neuron request and second neuron data by performing a second arithmetic operation, in response to the first response. Before the first data is transmitted to a second neuron cluster different from the first neuron cluster, the first interface circuit outputs the first response in response to a fact that the first neuron data is stored.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an encoding apparatus using a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) scanning, which includes a mode selection means for selecting an optimal mode for intra prediction; an intra prediction means for performing intra prediction onto video inputted based on the mode selected in the mode selection means; a DCT and quantization means for performing DCT and quantization onto residual coefficients of a block outputted from the intra prediction means; and an entropy encoding means for performing entropy encoding onto DCT coefficients acquired from the DCT and quantization by using a scanning mode decided based on pixel similarity of the residual coefficients.

Abstract: Disclosed are a fingerprint forgery detection device and a method of operating the same. The fingerprint forgery detection device includes a memory that stores a first feature signal including biological channel feature information of a user, a transmitter including at least one transmission electrode for transmitting a pulse signal to the user, a receiver including at least one reception electrode for receiving a biological channel response signal in response to the transmitted pulse signal, and a signal processor for processing the biological channel response signal to detect whether a fingerprint is forged, and at least one processor that controls the memory, the transmitter, and the receiver.

Abstract: Disclosed is an amplification circuit, which includes a first amplifier that receives an external signal and performs first band pass filtering on the external signal to output a first filter signal, and a second amplifier that receives the first filter signal and performs second band pass filtering on the first filter signal to output a second filter signal, and a frequency pass bandwidth of the second band pass filtering is narrower than a frequency pass bandwidth of the first band pass filtering.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for processing a multichannel audio signal. A multichannel audio signal processing method may include: generating an N-channel audio signal of N channels by down-mixing an M-channel audio signal of M channels; and generating a stereo audio signal by performing binaural rendering of the N-channel audio signal.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device according to an aspect comprises a main body that comprises a battery and a controller, a cartridge which is coupled to the main body and comprises a liquid storage that contains liquid composition and an atomization portion that generates an aerosol by heating the liquid composition contained in the liquid storage, and a cover that forms an inner space by being coupled to the main body such that the cartridge is arranged in the inner space, wherein the main body further comprises a light source that emits light toward an inside of the liquid storage, and the cover comprises a window hole through which light entitled from the light source toward the inside of the liquid storage is transmitted to the outside of the cover.

Abstract: An atomic layer etching method using a ligand exchange reaction may include a substrate providing step of putting a substrate with a thin film formed thereon into a reaction chamber, a halogenated thin film forming step of forming a halogenated thin film on a surface of the thin film by infusing a halogenated gas into the reaction chamber, and an etching step of etching the halogenated thin film by infusing a ligand without a metal or metal precursor into the reaction chamber with the substrate with the halogenated thin film.

Abstract: A method for controlling driving of a hybrid electric vehicle includes collecting driving data while the hybrid electric vehicle is driven, determining whether the hybrid electric vehicle enters a first mode corresponding to emergency driving of the hybrid electric vehicle or a second mode corresponding to control in preparation for the emergency driving, and controlling the hybrid electric vehicle in accordance with a mode that the hybrid electric vehicle enters among the first mode and the second mode.

Abstract: A coding tool setting method and a video decoding apparatus using the same are disclosed. An embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for setting whether or not to use a coding tool, and provides a coding tool setting method comprising the steps of: decoding, from a bitstream, a profile syntax element indicating a target profile among available profiles and a coding tool syntax element for configurable coding tools, the coding tool syntax element indicating whether or not to apply the coding tool; and setting, on the basis of the coding tool syntax element, target coding tools that are coding tools included in the target profile to be on or off.

Abstract: A coding tool setting method and a video decoding apparatus using the same are disclosed. An embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for setting whether or not to use a coding tool, and provides a coding tool setting method comprising the steps of: decoding, from a bitstream, a profile syntax element indicating a target profile among available profiles and a coding tool syntax element for configurable coding tools, the coding tool syntax element indicating whether or not to apply the coding tool; and setting, on the basis of the coding tool syntax element, target coding tools that are coding tools included in the target profile to be on or off.

Abstract: A hybrid communication device, an operation method thereof, and a communication system including the same are provided. The hybrid communication device includes a contact unit that includes an antenna for receiving a first communication signal and an electrode for receiving a second signal, a switch controller that includes a first switch and a second switch and controls the first switch and the second switch based on a change in capacitance of the electrode, and a signal processing unit that receives at least one of the first communication signal and the second communication signal from the contact unit via the first switch and processes the received signal. The first switch is connected to the contact unit, and the signal processing unit is connected to the first switch.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for encoding/decoding a video. According to an embodiment, provided is a method of setting a level for each of one or more regions, including decoding a definition syntax element related to level definition and a designation syntax element related to target designation from a bitstream; defining one or more levels based on the definition syntax element; and setting a target level designated by the designation syntax element among the defined levels for a target region designated by the designation syntax element.

Abstract: Provided are an epoxy resin composition, which exhibits excellent low dielectric properties, and imparts excellent copper foil peel strength and interlayer cohesive strength when used in printed circuit plate applications; and a phenolic resin or an epoxy resin, which are for forming the epoxy resin composition. The phenolic resin is represented by General Formula (1) below. In the formula, R1's each represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R2's each represent a hydrogen atom, Formula (1a), or Formula (1b), where at least one of R2's is Formula (1a) or Formula (1b); and n represents the number of repetitions of 0 to 5.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for predicting a current block using a current picture referencing mode (also called intra block copy (ibc) mode), and a video encoding or decoding device therefor. The method comprises: decoding, from a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether the application of the ibc mode is allowed, and type information indicating whether the type of slices is an inter type; depending on the enable flag and the type information, decoding from the bitstream an ibc flag indicating whether a prediction mode for the current block is the ibc mode; when the ibc flag indicates the ibc mode, decoding motion information from the bitstream; and predicting the current block by using a block indicated by the motion information within a current picture in which the current block is located.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for predicting a current block using a current picture referencing mode (also called intra block copy (ibc) mode), and a video encoding or decoding device therefor. The method comprises: decoding, from a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether the application of the ibc mode is allowed, and type information indicating whether the type of slices is an inter type; depending on the enable flag and the type information, decoding from the bitstream an ibc flag indicating whether a prediction mode for the current block is the ibc mode; when the ibc flag indicates the ibc mode, decoding motion information from the bitstream; and predicting the current block by using a block indicated by the motion information within a current picture in which the current block is located.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for predicting a current block using a current picture referencing mode (also called intra block copy (ibc) mode), and a video encoding or decoding device therefor. The method comprises: decoding, from a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether the application of the ibc mode is allowed, and type information indicating whether the type of slices is an inter type; depending on the enable flag and the type information, decoding from the bitstream an ibc flag indicating whether a prediction mode for the current block is the ibc mode; when the ibc flag indicates the ibc mode, decoding motion information from the bitstream; and predicting the current block by using a block indicated by the motion information within a current picture in which the current block is located.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for predicting a current block using a current picture referencing mode (also called intra block copy (ibc) mode), and a video encoding or decoding device therefor. The method comprises: decoding, from a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether the application of the ibc mode is allowed, and type information indicating whether the type of slices is an inter type; depending on the enable flag and the type information, decoding from the bitstream an ibc flag indicating whether a prediction mode for the current block is the ibc mode; when the ibc flag indicates the ibc mode, decoding motion information from the bitstream; and predicting the current block by using a block indicated by the motion information within a current picture in which the current block is located.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for encoding/decoding a video. According to an embodiment, provided is a method of setting a level for each of one or more regions, including decoding a definition syntax element related to level definition and a designation syntax element related to target designation from a bitstream; defining one or more levels based on the definition syntax element; and setting a target level designated by the designation syntax element among the defined levels for a target region designated by the designation syntax element.

Abstract: Provided is a deposition apparatus for an organic light emitting diode, in which maint operations with deposition material are carried out independently by including an auxiliary chamber, thereby shortening the evaluation time of a deposition material.