Abstract: A method, implemented by a computer, for determining a position of a personal mobility device (PMD) comprises: estimating a position of a PMD based on a first wireless signal; determining whether the PMD is within an intermediate area between a first area and a second area, based on an estimated position of the PMD; determining whether the PMD moves to the second area, by using both the first wireless signal and a second wireless signal; and determining position of the PMD by using any one of the first wireless signal and the second wireless signal based on a movement of the PMD to the second area.

Abstract: A method of operating an autonomous driving shuttle includes: receiving, by the autonomous driving shuttle, information on an operation of the autonomous driving shuttle; recognizing a guide line by using at least one camera provided in the autonomous driving shuttle; and driving the autonomous driving shuttle by using the information on the operation and the recognized guide line.

Abstract: A method for providing a driving guideline in a moving object may include: triggering a driving guideline provision instruction in the moving object; based on the implemented triggering, generating, by the moving object, a driving guideline; outputting the generated driving guideline; and driving, by the moving object, based on the driving guideline.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor memory device including a peripheral gate structure on a substrate, bitlines disposed on the peripheral gate structure and extending in a first direction, a protruding insulating pattern including channel trenches, extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, channel structures disposed on the bitlines in the channel trenches and including a metal oxide, first wordlines disposed on the channel structures and extending in the second direction, second wordlines disposed on the channel structures, extending in the second direction, and spaced apart from the first wordlines in the first direction, landing pads disposed on the channel structures and connected to the channel structures, pad separation patterns disposed on the protruding insulating pattern and separating the landing pads, first passage patterns connected to the protruding insulating pattern through pad separation patterns and formed of an oxide-based insulating material, and data storage patterns dis

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer, the method including a step of injecting an ionizable normal salt and polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer in the presence of one or more emulsifiers and a polymerization initiator, wherein the ionizable normal salt includes a carbonate metal salt or a sulfite metal salt, and the ionizable normal salt is continuously injected in an amount of 70 to 1200 ppm based on the total weight of the vinyl chloride monomer when a polymerization conversion rate is in a range of 0% to 20%. The method capable of preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer suitable as an eco-friendly material, while not affecting the rate of polymerization reaction and decreasing the generation amount of total volatile organic compounds by controlling the injection time, injection amount and kind of the ionizable normal salt, is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition for preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer and a method of preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer using the same, and provides the composition giving excellent productivity for preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer includes while maintaining excellent foaming and viscosity properties of a plastisol including the prepared vinyl chloride-based polymer, by including a pH regulator composed of a carbonate-based metal salt, and a transition metal catalyst in the composition, and controlling an amount of the transition metal catalyst, and controlling an amount of a reducing agent such that a trace amount or none of the reducing agent is included, and the method of preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer using the same.

Abstract: Provided is a jetting driver that can be used for various types of heads with minimal changes. The jetting driver includes: an image board receiving raw image data and generating image data by transforming the raw image data into a form suitable for a type of heads used; and an interface board physically separated from the image board, receiving the image data, and transmitting the image data to the heads through a plurality of channels.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of activating a display device in a moving object. The method of activating a display device in a moving object may include determining a driving mode in the moving object, determining whether or not to activate a display device based on the driving mode of the moving object, and displaying an image in the display device, when the display device is activated. Herein, a display device may be activated and an airbag may be deactivated when a driving mode is a first mode. Also, a display device may be deactivated and an airbag may be activated when a driving mode is a second mode.

Abstract: A method of managing a moving object in a fleet system includes: transmitting, by a user device, a moving object request message including a departure point and use time information to a server; receiving, by the user device, a list of available moving objects based on the moving object request message from the server: selecting, by the user device, a moving object from the list of available moving objects; transmitting, by the user device, reservation information based on the moving object selection information and the use time information to the server; and allocating the moving object to the user device based on the reservation information. The server may update allocation and placement information of a plurality of moving objects based on reservation information of a plurality of user devices.

Abstract: A method of detecting a collision in a moving object includes: detecting, by the moving object, an object and an event; determining a situation as at least one of an emergency situation, a manageable situation, or a general situation in response to the detected object and the detected event; determining whether or not it is possible to transmit a warning message for the detected event to the detected object upon determining that situation is the manageable situation; and transmitting collision possibility information to the detected object based on a warning alarm system upon determining that it is impossible to transmit the warning message for the detected event to the detected object.

Abstract: A method of operating an apparatus for predicting and redistributing a personal mobility vehicle (PM vehicle) demand for shared PM vehicles includes generating demand information for the PM vehicles for a plurality of areas according to time, generating current distribution information for the PM vehicles positioned in the plurality of areas, generating target distribution information based on the demand information and the current distribution information, and redistributing the PM vehicles according to the target distribution information.

Abstract: A method of operating a personal mobility is provided. The method includes receiving, by a processor in the personal mobility, user identification information for a user authentication and transmitting the received user identification information to a server. A use approval message is received from the server when the user is a user registered in the server and the personal mobility is operated by the user according to the received use approval message.

Abstract: An autonomous driving shuttle includes a camera unit configured to acquire an image and a processor configured to control the camera unit. The processor is configured to identify information on an operation of the autonomous driving shuttle and to recognize a guide line using at least one camera included in the camera unit. The autonomous driving shuttle is configured to drive using the information on the operation and the recognized guide line.

Abstract: A method of managing smell sensibility according to a route of a moving object includes checking a planned travel route of the moving object, determining whether a bad-smell area is included in the planned travel route, determining whether a bad-smell level of the bad-smell area is equal to or greater than an unpleasantness level of a user of the moving object when the bad-smell area is included, and performing a suppression process for blocking introduction of a bad smell into the moving object when the bad-smell level is equal to or greater than the unpleasantness level of the user and maintaining the planned travel route when the bad-smell level is less than the unpleasantness level of the user.

Abstract: A method of operating a moving object having a plurality of identity devices is provided. The method includes generating data in the moving object, transmitting first data of a plurality of data to a first node through a first identity device of the moving object and transmitting second data of the plurality of data to a second node through a second identity device of the moving object, receiving the first data from the first node and receiving the second data from the second node, and operating the moving object based on the first data and the second data.

Abstract: A moving object escape prevention method includes: controlling, by a processor of a moving object, to drive the moving object based on autonomous driving; detecting, by the processor, whether a collision occurred by the moving object; in response to detecting the collision, transmitting, by the processor, a collision occurrence notification signal and position information of the moving object to an Intelligent Transportation System Infrastructure (ITSI); receiving, by the processor, escape-related information from the ITSI. The receiving escape-related information includes: determining, by the ITSI, whether or not the moving object escapes based on position information of the moving object; receiving, by the processor, accident handling information from the ITSI upon determining that the moving object does not escape, and receiving, by the processor, an escape warning message from the ITSI when the position information of the moving object changes.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method, device, and system to control stopping of a mobility device. In particular, the method includes: receiving a stop change request of a route mobility device from a user device; determining whether the stop change request satisfies a change condition; determining a change stop of the route mobility device based on the stop change request when the change condition is satisfied; and transmitting a change stop message to the route mobility device and at least one of the user device or a mobility device used by a user.

Abstract: Disclosed herein a method, device and system for guiding users in a mobility transit hub therefor. The method includes: obtaining user information that comprises at least one of route information of the user using the mobility transit hub and mobility use information associated with a mobility requested by the user; analyzing, based on the user information, movement demand of the user who moves to an affiliated zone connected with the transit hub; and controlling an operation of a guide apparatus that controls a passage of the user, in order to lead the user to the affiliated zone that is determined based on the movement demand.

Abstract: An embodiment method of providing a mobility sharing service includes generating initial control information of a shared mobility in correspondence with an identified user, monitoring driving environment information, generating a driving environment change event based on the driving environment information, and generating control information of the shared mobility based on the driving environment change event.

Abstract: An embodiment method of controlling a moving object includes checking profile information of a user who rides in the moving object or status information of the user, checking a degree of risk based on the profile information or the status information of the user, setting an operation mode of the moving object based on the degree of risk, and controlling movement of the moving object based on the operation mode.