Abstract: Provided is a method of controlling the posture of a patch for staining a specimen by using the patch. The method includes positioning the patch to be in a first posture, which is an oblique posture, allowing the patch to access toward the surface of the substrate on which the specimen is located while the patch retains the first posture thereof, and bringing the patch to be in contact with the specimen placed on the substrate to deliver the staining reagent to the specimen.

Abstract: Provided is a method of testing a specimen by using a gel-type patch to minimize residual substances that do not react with the target material in the specimen, the method including preparing a patch that contains the test reagent above the specimen, lowering the patch by a first distance toward where the specimen is located, raising the patch by a second distance in a direction away from the specimen, and raising the patch by a third distance in a direction away from the specimen.

Abstract: A braille learning apparatus includes a plurality of slave blocks for receiving braille from a learner, and a master station configured to: receive braille learning information from an external braille learning information terminal, when slave blocks corresponding to a specific braille inputted by the learner are mounted, determine whether the specific braille inputted to the slave blocks match a learning word, and transmit a determination result to the external braille learning information terminal.

Abstract: Provided are a braille actuator and a braille outputting device using the same. The braille actuator includes an electromagnet, a rotation member, and a braille protrusion. With this configuration, the actuator applies a current to the electromagnet to allow the electromagnet to exert a repulsive force or attractive force on the permanent magnet of the rotation member, so that the rotation member is rotated, and due to the rotation of the rotation member, the upper surface of the rotation member allows the lower surface of the braille protrusion to be moved upward, and the braille protrusion is protruded. After that, even though the supplying of the current to the electromagnet is blocked, the braille protrusion is supported by the rotation member, and thus, the output state is maintained, so that it is possible to greatly reduce power consumption for output of braille.

Abstract: Provided are a braille actuator and a braille outputting device using the same. The braille actuator includes an electromagnet, a rotation member, and a braille protrusion. With this configuration, the actuator applies a current to the electromagnet to allow the electromagnet to exert a repulsive force or attractive force on the permanent magnet of the rotation member, so that the rotation member is rotated, and due to the rotation of the rotation member, the upper surface of the rotation member allows the lower surface of the braille protrusion to be moved upward, and the braille protrusion is protruded. After that, even though the supplying of the current to the electromagnet is blocked, the braille protrusion is supported by the rotation member, and thus, the output state is maintained, so that it is possible to greatly reduce power consumption for output of braille.

Abstract: A braille learning apparatus includes a plurality of slave blocks for receiving braille from a learner, and a master station configured to: receive braille learning information from an external braille learning information terminal, when slave blocks corresponding to a specific braille inputted by the learner are mounted, determine whether the specific braille inputted to the slave blocks match a learning word, and transmit a determination result to the external braille learning information terminal.

Abstract: An actuator is provided, which includes: a rotary driver having a rotary shaft; a driving member coupled to the rotary shaft of the rotary driver and having a driving surface; a driven member, supported by the driving surface of the driving member, configured to linearly move along the rotary shaft by a rotation of the driving member without rotating around the rotary shaft.