Abstract: Provided is a tagless mobile ticket service method, which enables a user possessing a wireless terminal, in which a payment application capable of paving bills is installed, to pay for usage fees without being tagged at a ticket gate machine, The tagless mobile ticket service method includes: a user entry detecting step in which a ticket gate machine senses that a user possessing a user terminal accesses a ticket gate; a user information processing step in which bill payment information is acquired from the user terminal; a validity confirmation step in which the validity of the bill payment information is determined; and a user fee processing step in which a door is opened and a bill is paid using the bill payment information, if it is determined that the bill payment information is valid.

Abstract: Provided is a control method for a system for determining a lesion obtained via real-time image. The control method comprises: an endoscope device obtaining a stomach endoscopy image; the endoscope device transmitting the obtained stomach endoscopy image to a server; the server determining a lesion included in the stomach endoscopy image, by inputting the stomach endoscopy image into a first artificial intelligence model; when it is determined that a lesion is detected in the stomach endoscopy image, the server obtaining an image including the lesion and transmitting the image to a database of the server; the server determining the type of the lesion included in the image, by inputting the image into a second artificial intelligence model; and when it is determined that a lesion is detected in the stomach endoscopy image, a display device displaying a UI for guiding the location of the lesion in the stomach endoscopy image.

Abstract: Provided is a method for self-constructing a multi-hop cluster-tree structured wireless communication network performed by a terminal device attempts to join a network includes determining at least one parent candidate device, requesting the determined parent candidate devices a network joining, joining the network as a child device based on a decision whether the requested parent candidate device has an address space available for a main transmission link of the terminal device, determining at least one cluster head as reserved parent candidate devices, requesting the determined reserved parent candidate devices a network joining, joining the network as a reserved child device based on a decision whether the requested reserved parent candidate device has an address space available for a reserved transmission link of the terminal device, and constructing a new main transmission link when the terminal device determines that the main transmission link is in an abnormal condition.

Abstract: Provided is a method for increasing the lifetime of devices of a cluster-tree structured multi-hop wireless communication system which uses a battery as the main power and includes an access point (AP) managing network operation and a plurality of devices connected to the AP, wherein some network devices operates as a router capable of having its child devices, the rest of the network device operate as an end device incapable of having its child devices, and the AP, the routers, and the end devices are connected in a parent-child device relationship. The method includes equalizing the average power consumption of each device by exchanging the roles of the router and the end device requiring different power consumption without interrupting normal network operation.

Abstract: Provided is a method for self-constructing a multi-hop cluster-tree structured wireless communication network performed by a terminal device attempts to join a network includes determining at least one parent candidate device, requesting the determined parent candidate devices a network joining, joining the network as a child device based on a decision whether the requested parent candidate device has an address space available for a main transmission link of the terminal device, determining at least one cluster head as reserved parent candidate devices, requesting the determined reserved parent candidate devices a network joining, joining the network as a reserved child device based on a decision whether the requested reserved parent candidate device has an address space available for a reserved transmission link of the terminal device, and constructing a new main transmission link when the terminal device determines that the main transmission link is in an abnormal condition.

Abstract: Provided is a method of subscribing, by a terminal, to a network as a router or an end device in a wireless network (WN) having a tree structure including routers and end devices. Each router receives, from a parent router thereof, addresses which are usable independently for child routers and child end devices thereof, and classifies the addresses into a general address and a special address. A terminal wishing to subscribe to a network may subscribe to the network by using a special address of an end device, only when the terminal is unable to subscribe to the network by using a general address of the end device, thereby reducing depletion of addresses to be used for terminal subscription and facilitating network subscription of the end device.

Abstract: Provided is a method of transmitting, by a cluster head (CH), a synchronization signal at each transmission frame in a wireless communication system, where a plurality of cluster networks each including a CH and its devices connected to the CH form a cluster-tree structured network, and each of the plurality of cluster networks synchronously transmits and receives a signal by using a periodic transmission frame comprising a synchronization signal transmitting interval, a data signal transmitting interval, and an idle interval in which no signal is transmitted.

Abstract: Provided is a network self-healing method in which, when a link between a parent device and a child device breaks down in a wireless communication network of a cluster-tree structure in which a main communication device (referred to an access point (AP)) manages network operation, routers that are devices capable of having their child devices, and end devices that are devices incapable of having their child devices are associated with each other in a parent-child device relationship, the link is restored. When a router becomes an orphan device, the router makes network re-association in a cluster unit while maintaining synchronized operation with its child devices, and thus time, energy and signaling burden for network self-healing is largely reduced.

Abstract: Provided is a method for increasing the lifetime of devices of a cluster-tree structured multi-hop wireless communication system which uses a battery as the main power and includes an access point (AP) managing network operation and a plurality of devices connected to the AP, wherein some network devices operates as a router capable of having its child devices, the rest of the network device operate as an end device incapable of having its child devices, and the AP, the routers, and the end devices are connected in a parent-child device relationship. The method includes equalizing the average power consumption of each device by exchanging the roles of the router and the end device requiring different power consumption without interrupting normal network operation.

Abstract: Provided is a method of transmitting, by a cluster head (CH), a synchronization signal at each transmission frame in a wireless communication system, where a plurality of cluster networks each including a CH and its devices connected to the CH form a cluster-tree structured network, and each of the plurality of cluster networks synchronously transmits and receives a signal by using a periodic transmission frame comprising a synchronization signal transmitting interval, a data signal transmitting interval, and an idle interval in which no signal is transmitted.

Abstract: Provided is a network self-healing method in which, when a link between a parent device and a child device breaks down in a wireless communication network of a cluster-tree structure in which a main communication device (referred to an access point (AP)) manages network operation, routers that are devices capable of having their child devices, and end devices that are devices incapable of having their child devices are associated with each other in a parent-child device relationship, the link is restored. When a router becomes an orphan device, the router makes network re-association in a cluster unit while maintaining synchronized operation with its child devices, and thus time, energy and signaling burden for network self-healing is largely reduced.

Abstract: A method of signal transmission in the downlink of a multi-hop wireless communication system wherein a coordinator is connected to a plurality of routers and a plurality of end devices through one or more hops and wherein the coordinator and the routers maintain network synchronization by periodically transmitting a beacon signal In the management frame, a control message for system management is transmitted/received, and in the data frame, only devices which are to exchange data transmit and receive data while other devices turn their transceivers off to minimize power consumption.

Abstract: Provided is data signal transmitting method and data signal receiving method in a wireless communication system. A method of transmitting and receiving data signal in a wireless communication system by changing a transmission speed and a payload size included in the data signal according to an operation environment is disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a method of subscribing, by a terminal, to a network as a router or an end device in a wireless network (WN) having a tree structure including routers and end devices. Each router receives, from a parent router thereof, addresses which are usable independently for child routers and child end devices thereof, and classifies the addresses into a general address and a special address. A terminal wishing to subscribe to a network may subscribe to the network by using a special address of an end device, only when the terminal is unable to subscribe to the network by using a general address of the end device, thereby reducing depletion of addresses to be used for terminal subscription and facilitating network subscription of the end device.

Abstract: Provided is data signal transmitting method and data signal receiving method in a wireless communication system. A method of transmitting and receiving data signal in a wireless communication system by changing a transmission speed and a payload size included in the data signal according to an operation environment is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for controlling a hydraulic pump of construction machinery.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a power control apparatus of a construction machine, including: an engine connected to a hydraulic pump to drive the hydraulic pump; and a controller for calculating an engine load ratio defined as a ratio of a load torque of the engine for an engine maximum torque calculated from an input engine target RPM, and calculating an engine RPM command value according to the engine load ratio such that the engine is driven at the target RPM to output the calculated engine load ratio and engine RPM command value to the engine.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a power control apparatus of a construction machine, including: an engine connected to a hydraulic pump to drive the hydraulic pump; and a controller for calculating an engine load ratio defined as a ratio of a load torque of the engine for an engine maximum torque calculated from an input engine target RPM, and calculating an engine RPM command value according to the engine load ratio such that the engine is driven at the target RPM to output the calculated engine load ratio and engine RPM command value to the engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for controlling a hydraulic pump of construction machinery.