Abstract: A semiconductor memory device may include a plurality of bit lines extending in a first direction on a substrate, a plurality of active pillars respectively on the bit lines, a word line extending in a second direction along the plurality of active pillars, a plurality of landing pads respectively on the plurality of active pillars, and a plurality of data storage patterns respectively on the plurality of landing pads. Each of the plurality of active pillars may have a length extending in a direction perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate. The word line has a wavy shape when viewed in a plan view.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a substrate; a bit-line on the substrate and extending in a first direction; first and second channel patterns on the bit-line; the second channel pattern being spaced apart from the first channel pattern in the first direction; a first word-line between the first and second channel patterns and extending in a second direction that intersects the first direction; a second word-line between the first and second channel patterns, extending in the second direction, and being spaced apart from the first word-line in the first direction; capacitors on and connected to the channel patterns; wherein the first and second channel patterns include first and second metal oxide patterns sequentially on the bit-line, each of the first and second metal oxide patterns include an amorphous metal oxide, and a composition of the first metal oxide pattern is different from a composition of the second metal oxide pattern.

Abstract: This invention provides a polyamide separation membrane, prepared from high molecular weight polyamide having a repeating unit represented by the formula (I) and a process for separating gaseous mixtures using them. ##STR1## wherein, R is an aliphatic or aromatic organic group derived from dicarboxylic acid or halide. The polyamide separation membrane according to the present invention has a large free volume and good permeation properties such as permeability and permeation selectivity.