Abstract: A method of making a metal foil heater comprising transferring a line image of a heater circuit to cutter and cutting the foil into a metal foil construction before affixing plastic sheets to both sides while attaching wires configured to supply current to the heater.

Abstract: A therapeutic stimulation system includes at least one pad assembly and a control device for electrically generating therapeutic stimulation. The pad assembly includes a heating layer and a pad identification circuit. The heating layer includes a low-wattage resistive heating element. The pad identification circuit includes a storage device that can store information identifying the pad assembly. The control device operates to identify the pad assembly based on the information and determine an operational scheme specific to the pad assembly.

Abstract: A system for heating a countertop includes a heater comprising a plastic film having a patterned heating element disposed thereon, the patterned heating element defining a resistive path on the plastic film shaped to provide closely-spaced heating traces and shaped to be affixed to an underside of the countertop. The system also includes a control unit electrically connectable to the heating element via a wire, the control unit configured to deliver a direct current signal having a predetermined voltage level to the heating element according to a user selectable power level.