Abstract: A process for converting a starting material to a purified pulp material, comprising removing lignin from a starting material to form a wet pulp comprising at least 5 wt. % water, extracting hemicellulose from the wet pulp with an extractant, and separating the extracted hemicellulose from the extraction mixture to form a cellulosic product comprising less hemicellulose than the wet pulp. The extractant comprises a cellulose solvent and a co-solvent. The cellulosic product advantageously retains its cellulosic fiber morphology. The process involves separating and recovering hemicellulose and separating and recycling various process streams employed in the process.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for producing consumable alcohols and components thereof, in particular for producing consumable alcohols and components thereof using high throughput rapid screening and production of combinatorial libraries of consumable alcohols and components. In particular, the consumable alcohol is wine, Scotch, cognac, ports, beer, gin, vodka, rum, sherry, champagne, tequila, and the like and components thereof. Most particularly, the consumable alcohol is wine, wine blends, and components thereof.

Abstract: This invention is directed to processes for making polymer in the presence of a hydrofluorocarbon, and for the recovery of polymer substantially free of dissolved hydrocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons. The processes provided enables polymerization processes to be practiced with minimal fouling in the reaction system, and with the recovery of the hydrofluorocarbon and monomers for reuse in the reactor. The process of the invention utilizes a reactor system, a recovery system and a flare system that minimize environmental emissions of hydrocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons and associated decomposition products.

Abstract: The present invention provides various processes for producing C1 to C4 alcohols, optionally in a mixed alcohol stream, and optionally converting the alcohols to light olefins. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing a first portion of a syngas stream to a methanol synthesis zone wherein methanol is synthesized. A second portion of the syngas stream is directed to a fuel alcohol synthesis zone wherein fuel alcohol is synthesized. The methanol and at least a portion of the fuel alcohol are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: This invention is directed to processes for making polymer in the presence of a hydrofluorocarbon, and for the recovery of polymer substantially free of dissolved hydrocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons. The processes provided enables polymerization processes to be practiced with minimal fouling in the reaction system, and with the recovery of the hydrofluorocarbon and monomers for reuse in the reactor. The process of the invention utilizes a reactor system, a recovery system and a flare system that minimize environmental emissions of hydrocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons and associated decomposition products.

Abstract: The present invention provides various processes for producing methanol and ethanol, preferably in a mixed alcohol stream. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing syngas to a synthesis zone wherein the syngas contacts a methanol synthesis catalyst and an ethanol synthesis catalyst (either a homologation catalyst or a fuel alcohol synthesis catalyst) under conditions effective to form methanol and ethanol. The methanol and ethanol, in a desired ratio, are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene in a desired ratio. The invention also relates to processes for varying the weight ratio of ethylene to propylene formed in an oxygenate to olefin reaction system.

Abstract: The present invention provides various processes for producing light olefins from methanol and ethanol, optionally in a mixed alcohol stream. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing a first syngas stream to a methanol synthesis zone to form methanol and directing a second syngas stream and methanol to a homologation zone to form ethanol. The methanol and ethanol are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for producing consumable alcohols and components thereof, in particular for producing consumable alcohols and components thereof using high throughput rapid screening and production of combinatorial libraries of consumable alcohols and components. In particular, the consumable alcohol is wine, Scotch, cognac, ports, beer, gin, vodka, rum, sherry, champagne, tequila, and the like and components thereof. Most particularly, the consumable alcohol is wine, wine blends, and components thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides various processes for producing light olefins from methanol and ethanol, optionally in a mixed alcohol stream. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing a first syngas stream to a methanol synthesis zone to form methanol and directing a second syngas stream and methanol to a homologation zone to form ethanol. The methanol and ethanol are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: The present invention provides various processes for producing C1 to C4 alcohols, optionally in a mixed alcohol stream, and optionally converting the alcohols to light olefins. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing a first portion of a syngas stream to a methanol synthesis zone wherein methanol is synthesized. A second portion of the syngas stream is directed to a fuel alcohol synthesis zone wherein fuel alcohol is synthesized. The methanol and at least a portion of the fuel alcohol are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene.

Abstract: The present invention provides various processes for producing methanol and ethanol, preferably in a mixed alcohol stream. In one embodiment, the invention includes directing syngas to a synthesis zone wherein the syngas contacts a methanol synthesis catalyst and an ethanol synthesis catalyst (either a homologation catalyst or a fuel alcohol synthesis catalyst) under conditions effective to form methanol and ethanol. The methanol and ethanol, in a desired ratio, are directed to an oxygenate to olefin reaction system for conversion thereof to ethylene and propylene in a desired ratio. The invention also relates to processes for varying the weight ratio of ethylene to propylene formed in an oxygenate to olefin reaction system.

Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated system for producing ethylene and propylene from an oxygenate to olefin (OTO) reaction system and a steam cracking system. In a preferred embodiment, at least a portion of an effluent stream from a steam cracking furnace is combined with at least a portion of an effluent stream from an OTO reaction system. Preferably the combined effluent stream is processed by one or more quench units, compression units, and/or fractionation columns. By integrating a steam cracking system with an OTO reaction system, equipment count can be reduced at a significant commercial savings. Compressor efficiency per pound of ethylene and propylene can also be advantageously increased over conventional steam cracking systems. Moreover, the amount of pollutants produced per pound of ethylene and propylene produced can be significantly reduced over the amount of pollutants produced per pound of ethylene and propylene produced in a steam cracking system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new propylene-containing compositions, which preferably are suitable for polymerization disposition. The propylene-containing compositions include propylene, propane, dimethyl ether and one or more of ethylene, ethane, methanol, acetylene, methyl acetylene, propadiene, C4+ hydrocarbons and water. The propylene-containing composition can be derived from an oxygenate to olefin reaction system without expending resources on propane/propylene separation.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for producing a light olefin product from a hydrocarbon feed, as well as a method for converting by-product to light olefin. In one embodiment, the process includes production of a synthesis gas from the hydrocarbon feed, conversion of the synthesis gas to an oxygenate composition, and conversion of the oxygenate components to an olefin stream. A by-product stream can also be separated and ultimately converted to additional light olefin product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition of an activator, a support, a catalyst compound and an ionizing activator and its use in a process for polymerizing olefin(s). The invention is also directed to a method for making the catalyst composition above.

Abstract: A polymerization catalyst system and a method for preparing the catalyst system is disclosed. The catalyst system includes a bulky ligand metallocene catalyst compound, preferably containing a single cyclopentadienyl or substituted cyclopentadienyl-type ring system, a Group 13 element containing first modifier, and a cycloalkadiene second modifier. The present invention also provides a process for polymerizing olefin(s) utilizing the catalyst systems described herein.

Abstract: A polymerization catalyst system and a method for preparing the catalyst system is disclosed. The catalyst system includes a bulky ligand metallocene catalyst compound, preferably containing a single cyclopentadienyl or substituted cyclopentadienyl-type ring system, a Group 13 element containing first modifier, and a cycloalkadiene second modifier. The present invention also provides a process for polymerizing olefin(s) utilizing the catalyst systems described herein.

Abstract: A polymerization catalyst system and a method for preparing the catalyst system is disclosed. The catalyst system includes a bulky ligand metallocene catalyst compound, preferably containing a single cyclopentadienyl or substituted cyclopentadienyl-type ring system, a Group 13 element containing first modifier, and a cycloalkadiene second modifier. The present invention also provides a process for polymerizing olefin(s) utilizing the catalyst systems described herein.

Abstract: A method to synthesize a Group 15 containing metal polymerization catalyst is disclosed. The method includes an efficient high temperature synthesis of Group 15 containing ligands, especially arylamine ligands, for use in preparing polymerization catalysts and catalyst systems.

Abstract: Polymers (including copolymers) derived from one or more olefins, such including ethylene and C3-C20 &agr;-olefins such as propylene and 1-butene, which polymers have (a) an average ethylene sequence length, ESL, of from, about 1.0 to less than about 3.0; (b) an average of at least 5 branches per 100 carbon atoms of the polymer chains comprising the polymer; (c) at least about 50% of said branches being methyl and/or ethyl branches; (d) at least about 30% of said polymer chains terminated with a vinyl or vinylene group; (e) a number average molecular weight, Mn, of from about 300 to about 15,000 when the polymer is intended for dispersant or wax crystal modifier uses and up to about 500,000 where intended for viscosity modifier uses; and (f) substantial solubility in hydrocarbon and/or synthetic base oil. The polymers are produced using late-transition-metal catalyst systems and, preferably, inexpensive, highly dilute refinery or steam cracker feed streams that have undergone only limited clean-up steps.