Abstract: A method of commutating a motor includes operatively interfacing a stator and actuated component of the motor, arranging at least two winding sets relative to the actuated component, and independently controlling the at least two winding sets so that with the at least two winding sets the actuated component is both driven and centered.

Abstract: A system for extracting a signal component from an output signal of a dynamic system. The system comprises a state observer and a corrector filter. The state observer is adapted to track a signal component that represents dominant dynamics in the output signal of the dynamic system and provide an estimation signal representing an estimated signal component in the output signal of the dynamic system. The corrector filter is adapted to compensate for a mismatch between the estimation signal and the actual signal component that represents the dominant dynamics in the output signal. A combination of the estimation signal with an output signal of the corrector filter can provide a synthesized signal including the signal component that represents the dominant dynamics in the output signal.