Abstract: Multi-gate MOS transistors and fabrication methods are described, in which the transistor semiconductor body thickness or width is lithography independent, allowing scaled triple and quad-gate devices having semiconductor bodies smaller than a lateral gate length dimension. A form structure is provided over a semiconductor wafer starting structure, and spacers are formed along one or more sidewalls of an opening in the form structure. A semiconductor material is deposited in the opening by epitaxial growth or other deposition process, and the form structure and the spacer are removed. A gate structure is then formed along the top and sides of a central portion of the formed semiconductor body. The spacer may be L-shaped, providing an undercut or recess at the bottom of the semiconductor body sidewall, and the gate may be formed in the undercut area to allow fabrication of more than three gates.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices and fabrication methods are provided, in which metal transistor gates are provided for MOS transistors. Metal boride is formed above a gate dielectric to create PMOS gate structures and metal nitride is formed over a gate dielectric to provide NMOS gate structures. The metal portions of the gate structures are formed from an initial starting material that is either a metal boride or a metal nitride, after which the starting material is provided with boron or nitrogen in one of the PMOS and NMOS regions through implantation, diffusion, or other techniques, either before or after formation of the conductive upper material, and before or after gate patterning. The change in the boron or nitrogen content of the starting material provides adjustment of the material work function, thereby tuning the threshold voltage of the resulting PMOS or NMOS transistors.

Abstract: The present invention provides, in one embodiment, a method (100) of forming dual work function metal gate electrodes in a semiconductor device. The method includes forming a gate dielectric (105) over a substrate (110) and depositing a mold layer (115) having a first opening (120) therein over the gate dielectric (105). The method further includes creating a first metal gate electrode (125) by depositing a first metal in the first opening (120). Other embodiments include an active device (200) produced by the above-described method and method of manufacturing an integrated circuit (300) using the above-described method.

Abstract: This invention is directed to compounds of the formula: wherein j is 0 or 1; k is 0 or 1; m is 0 or 1; n is 0 or 1; W is —O—; —S(═O)t—, where t is 0, 1, or 2; or —N(R3)—; where R3 is —H, —(C1-C3) alkyl, —OR12, phenyl, or benzyl; RC and RD have the same meaning as RA and RB, except that at least one of RC and RD must be —H; and the other variables are defined as set forth in the specification. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above compounds and to methods of treating a subject suffering from a disease, disorder or condition mediated by the PDE4 isozyme, the method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as described above.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an apparatus and method for sealing a tubular string. In one aspect, a drilling system is provided. The drilling system includes a rotating control head for sealing the tubular string while permitting axial movement of the string relative to the rotating control head. The drilling system also includes an actuating fluid for actuating the rotating control head and maintaining a pressure differential between a fluid pressure in the rotating control head and a wellbore pressure. Additionally, the drilling system includes a cooling medium for passing through the rotating control head. In another aspect, a rotating control head is provided. In yet another aspect, a method for sealing a tubular in a rotating control head is provided.

Abstract: Compounds useful as inhibitors of PDE4 in the treatment of diseases regulated by the activation and degranulation of eosinophils, especially asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, of Formula (1.0.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (1.0.0) are described, as well as the usefulness of a pharmaceutical composition for treating inflammatory, respiratory and allergic diseases and conditions, especially asthma; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and bronchiectasis; chronic rhinitis; and chronic sinusitis.

Abstract: Novel polypeptides comprising repetitive units of amino acids, as well as synthetic genes encoding the subject polypeptides are provided. The subject polypeptides are characterized by comprising repetitive units of amino acids, where the repetitive units are present in naturally occurring proteins, particularly naturally occurring structural proteins. The subject polypeptides find use in a variety of applications, such as structural components of prosthetic devices, synthetic fibers, and the like.

Abstract: Compounds useful as inhibitors of PDE4 in the treatment of diseases regulated by the activation and degranulation of eosinophils, especially asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructuive pulmonary disease, of the formula: 1

Abstract: Novel polypeptides comprising repetitive units of amino acids, as well as synthetic genes encoding the subject polypeptides are provided. The subject polypeptides are characterized by comprising repetitive units of amino acids, where the repetitive units are present in naturally occurring proteins, particularly naturally occurring structural proteins. The subject polypeptides find use in a variety of applications, such as structural components of prosthetic devices, synthetic fibers, and the like.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of the compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is OH, which comprises the steps of a) treating the compound of the formula: ##STR2## with an inorganic fluoride, of the formula M.sup.2 F wherein M.sup.2 is an alkali metal cation, at an elevated temperature in the presence of a compound of the formula R.sup.4 P.sup.+ Z.sup.- and a compound of the formula R.sup.5 vic (COW).sub.2 wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each selected from optionally substituted (C.sub.6 -C.sub.10) aryl and optionally substituted (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkyl, and W is halo; to form the compound of the formula: ##STR3## and b) I) treating the compound of the formula IV with an aqueous solution of a base, of the formula MOH, wherein M is an alkali metal cation, andii) treating the product of step i) with a mineral acid. A compound of the formula: ##STR4## wherein R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of, halo, R.sup.7 O, R.sup.7 COO and N(R.sup.8).sub.2 wherein R.sup.7 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of the compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is OH, which comprises the steps of a) treating the compound of the formula ##STR2## with an inorganic fluoride, of the formula M.sup.2 F wherein M.sup.2 is an alkali metal cation, at an elevated temperature in the presence of a compound of the formula R.sup.4 P.sup.+ Z.sup.- and a compound of the formula R.sup.5 vic (COW).sub.2 wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each selected from optionally substituted (C.sub.6 -C.sub.10)aryl and optionally substituted (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, and W is halo; to form the compound of the formula; ##STR3## and b) i) treating the compound of the formula IV with an aqueous solution of a base, of the formula MOH, wherein M is an alkali metal cation, andii) treating the product of step i) with a mineral acid. A compound of the formula ##STR4## wherein R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of, halo, R.sup.7 O, R.sup.7 COO and N(R.sup.8).sub.2 wherein R.sup.7 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl or (C.

Abstract: Polypeptides comprising repetitive units of amino acids, as well as synthetic genes encoding the subject polypeptides are provided. The subject polypeptides are characterized by comprising repetitive units of amino acids, where the repetitive units are present in naturally occurring proteins, particularly naturally occurring structural proteins. The subject polypeptides find use in a variety of applications, such as structural components of prosthetic devices, synthetic fibers, and the like.

Abstract: Novel polypeptides comprising repetitive units of amino acids, as well as synthetic genes encoding the subject polypeptides are provided. The subject polypeptides are characterized by comprising repetitive units of amino acids, where the repetitive units are present in naturally occurring proteins, particularly naturally occurring structural proteins. The subject polypeptides find use in a variety of applications, such as structural components of prosthetic devices, synthetic fibers, and the like.

Abstract: Methods are provided for the production of large polypeptides containing repeating sequences of amino acids utilizing biochemical techniques, specifically DNA sequences coding for the expression of the large polypeptides. Systems utilizing exogenous transcriptional and translational regions to control the production of the large polypeptides are also provided.