Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of inorganic crystalline fibers containing a minor amount of Mo0.sub.3 and/or W0.sub.3 and/or As.sub.2 0.sub.3 and wherein the predominant crystal phase is selected from the group of a fluormica, a fluoramphibole, canasite, potassium and/or sodium fluorrichterite, fluorapatite, and a lithium-containing, beta-spodumene-type crystal.

Abstract: This invention is directed to spontaneous opal glasses containing an apatite opacifying phase and exhibiting a softening point of at least 740.degree. C., excellent chemical durability, and a temperature interval between the high temperature crystallization liquidus and the emulsion liquidus greater than 50.degree. C. The glasses consist essentially, in weight percent on the oxide basis, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 50-63 Na.sub.2 O 5.5-10 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 10-14 K.sub.2 O 0-10 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 3.5-7 BaO 0-10 PbO 2-12 CaO 0-2.5 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 1-4 SrO 0-8 F 1.

Abstract: This invention is drawn to spontaneous opal glasses containing an apatite-type crystal opacifying phase and exhibiting a temperature interval between the emulsion and high temperature crystallization liquidi of at least 50.degree. C. which consist essentially, in weight percent on the oxide basis, of______________________________________ Na.sub.2 O 7.5-11 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 2-4.5 K.sub.2 O 0-5 SiO.sub.2 57-65 Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O .ltoreq.13 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 2-5.5 BaO 0-9.5 F 1.5-4 CaO 0-3 SrO 0-5 ZnO 0.4-5 MgO 0-2.5 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 8-13 SrO + MgO 0-5 ______________________________________CaO and/or SrO and/or BaO at least 2.5 mole %.

Abstract: Cellular ceramic bodies are produced by frothing a crystal-containing, ion-exchanged gel and setting the gel. An aqueous gel is prepared from a water-swelling mica and is blended in conjunction with a large cation donor, e.g., a potassium salt or silicate glass, and a surfactant to effect frothing of the gel by a shearing action and exchange of large cations with lithium and/or sodium ions from the mica to produce an ion-exchanged gel that sets in controllable manner.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the preparation of hydraulic cements, demonstrating high mechanical strength, long term resistance to attack by moisture, and virtual freedom from creep, from glass powders consisting essentially, expressed in terms of mole percent on the oxide basis, of about 60-76% SiO.sub.2, 15-30% K.sub.2 O, and 2-15% total of at least one metal oxide selected from the group of 0-10% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-5% V.sub.2 O.sub.5, 0-5% TiO.sub.2, 0-5% MoO.sub.3 and 0-5% WO.sub.3. The cements exhibit particular utility in forming strong cellular ceramic articles. The glass powders may contain a phosphate component in which case the composition ranges are limited to 68-76% SiO.sub.2, 18-24% K.sub.2 O, 2-4.5% P.sub.2 O.sub.5 with the molar ratio K.sub.2 O:P.sub.2 O.sub.5 ranging between 5 and 10, and 2-5% total of at least one metal oxide selected from the group of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, MoO.sub.3, V.sub.2 O.sub.5 and WO.sub.3.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of spontaneous essentially non-crystalline opal glasses exhibiting a very dense, milky-white appearance and excellent resistance to weathering and attack by alkaline detergents consisting essentially, expressed in weight percent on the oxide basis, of 2-5% K.sub.2 O, 4-10% Na.sub.2 O, 4.5-12% RO, wherein RO consists of 0-3% MgO, 0-6% CaO, 0-8% SrO, and 0-11% BaO, 4-9% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 6-15% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-5% TiO.sub.2, 51-66% SiO.sub.2, 1-6% P.sub.2 O.sub.5, and 1-5% F.

Abstract: This invention relates to the manufacture of spontaneous opal glasses demonstrating a dense, milky-white appearance, excellent resistance to attack by water and detergents, softening points in excess of 760.degree. C., and containing either NaBaPO.sub.4 or Na.sub.5 P.sub.3 O.sub.10 as the predominant crystal phase. The glasses consist essentially, expressed in weight percent on the oxide basis, of 6-12% Na.sub.2 O, 5-16% BaO, 0.9-7% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 2-7% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 55-70% SiO.sub.2, and 5-9% P.sub.2 O.sub.5.

Abstract: This invention is directed to spontaneous opal glasses wherein Ba.sub.2 F(PO.sub.4) constitutes the predominant crystalline opal phase. The glasses exhibit softening points in excess of 710.degree. C., excellent chemical durability, and consist essentially, in weight percent on the oxide basis, of 6-10% Na.sub.2 O, 1-6% K.sub.2 O, 4-11% BaO, 9-18% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 50-70% SiO.sub.2, 3.5-7% P.sub.2 O.sub.5, and 1-4% F.

Abstract: This invention is directed to transparent glass which, after thermal tempering demonstrates a tint defined by C.I.E. chromaticity coordinates and transmission utilizing Illuminant C ofx=0.3300.+-.0.0040y=0.3360.+-.0.0040Y=60.8.+-.4The glass consists essentially, in weight percent on the oxide basis, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 75 .+-.2.0 Na.sub.2 O 13.45 .+-. 0.5 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 165 .+-. 0.2 CaO 9.6 .+-. 0.3 As.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.15 .+-. 0.1 NiO 0.03 .+-. 0.005 with Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.002 .+-. 0.0005 or CuO 0.005 .+-. 0.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the production of transparent glass articles exhibiting an integral light gray-brown hue. More particularly, this invention is drawn to specific borosilicate-based glass compositions containing critically-defined amounts of Co.sub.3 O.sub.4, NiO, and MnO.sub.2 as colorants therefor. The resulting glasses exhibit a specifically-delineated transmittance curve in the visible portion of the radiation spectrum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to glass articles which have compositions within the Li.sub.2 O-ZnO-PbO-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 -SiO.sub.2 -TiO.sub.2 -Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 system, which exhibit a dense white opal appearance, and which have good machinability characteristics. The latter property enables the articles to be sawed and drilled with hand tools without spalling or breakage and, in addition, to be polished to a relatively high gloss. The glasses are rendered opaque by their spearation into a lead oxide rich phase and a B.sub.2 O.sub.3 -SiO.sub.2 rich phase. The glasses may be converted to glass-ceramic materials, either before or after machining, if desired.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with spontaneous opal glasses wherein sodium fluoride (NaF) and strontium fluoride (SrF.sub.2) constitute the predominant opacifying phases. More specifically, the opal glasses of the instant invention have compositions within the Na.sub.2 O--SrO--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2 --F field and exhibit a dense white appearance, a softening point above 755.degree. C., a strain point in excess of 500.degree. C., a coefficient of thermal expansion (0.degree.-300.degree. C.) in excess of 65.degree. .times. 10.sup.-7 /.degree. C., and satisfactory resistance to weathering and dishwasher environments.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of a composite article consisting of an opal glass body exhibiting a dense, milky-white appearance coated with an adherent enamel demonstrating high gloss and exceptional chemical durability. More specifically, the opal glasses of the present invention have compositions within the Na.sub.2 O-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -SiO.sub.2 -F system and demonstrate a softening point in excess of 760.degree. C., a strain point in excess of 490.degree. C., and a coefficient of thermal expansion (0.degree.-300.degree. C.) of about 66-75 .times. 10.sup..sup.-7 /.degree. C. The enamels of the instant invention have flux compositions within the Li.sub.2 O-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 -TiO.sub.2 -ZrO.sub.2 -PbO-SiO.sub.2 system, will fire to a high gloss in less than about 10 minutes at temperatures below about 720.degree. C., will exhibit coefficients of thermal expansion (25.degree.-300.degree. C.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the production of articles exhibiting an internal microstructure and physical characteristics like those of glass-ceramic bodies but which can be formed spontaneously from a molten glass. Hence, in contrast to the production of conventional glass-ceramic articles, no heat treatment of a parent or precursor glass body is required to cause crystallization in situ to occur. More particularly, the instant invention is concerned with the manufacture of highly crystalline glass-ceramic articles, having compositions within the Li.sub.2 O-Na.sub.2 O-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -MgO-SiO.sub.2 -F system, wherein a fluormica constitutes the predominant crystal phase, which can be formed spontaneously from a molten glass batch.

Abstract: This invention relates to silicate glasses that possess good resistance to chemical attack by both acid and alkaline media, that may be either clear and transparent or colored as desired, and that may have a moderate thermal coefficient of expansion to provide resistance to thermal shock. Such glasses have general application, but find particular utility in tubing and containers for scientific and pharmaceutical glassware.