Abstract: A control circuit for a piezo transformer based power supply for a fluorescent lamp includes driver circuitry generating pulse waveforms for providing excitation to primary inputs of the piezo transformer, and circuitry for regulating lamp current and the voltage across the piezo transformer primary inputs. The frequency of the pulse waveforms is varied in response to the magnitude of lamp current to maintain a predetermined desired lamp current as represented by a current reference signal. The duty cycle of the driver circuitry is varied in response to the magnitude of the voltage across the piezo transformer primary inputs to maintain a predetermined desired piezo primary voltage as represented by a voltage reference signal. The piezo transformer is operated as close to resonance as possible, contributing to greater circuit efficiency. The driver circuitry in the control circuit employs four transistors arranged as a full bridge with respect to the piezo transformer primary inputs.

Abstract: Non-stoichiometric, heterogeneous, amorphous catalysts for preparing esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids.

Abstract: Apparatus and process are described for producing predominately iron alloys that contain magnesium which alloys have particular utility for treating cast iron to form ductile and compacted graphite irons.The alloys are produced under pressure of an inert gas maintained above the vapor pressure of the magnesium at the melt temperature. The alloy melt is rapidly solidified in a chill mold which imparts a certain amount of constraint to the melt to provide a high magnesium recovery in the alloy and a clean, safe, economical operation. As a result of rapid solidification, the magnesium is retained in the alloy as a fine dispersion or separate phase which is of advantage for high magnesium recovery in the alloy and for a high magnesium recovery in the cast iron when treated with the alloys of the present invention.Any desired composition of alloy may be produced. Best results are obtained when the alloys contain by weight from about 0.5 to 4.0% magnesium and optionally from about 0.1 to 10% silicon, from about 0.

Abstract: Synthesis of organic amines by condensation of organic hydroxy compound with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine in the presence of a rare earth metal hydrogen phosphate catalyst.

Abstract: Acid Phosphates are used, in either the gas or liquid phase, to catalyze the alkylation of phenols by an alcohol to selectively form alkyl aryl ethers.

Abstract: Certain hydrogen phosphate and pyrophosphate compositions are employed as catalysts for organic condensation reactions. Particularly high conversions and selectivities are obtained by the use of synergistic mixtures of in cyclization reactions such as in the conversion of hydroxyethylpiperazine to triethylenediamine and morpholine to dimethylaminoethylmorpholine.

Abstract: Apparatus and process are described for producing predominately iron alloys that contain magnesium which alloys have particular utility for treating cast iron to form ductile and compacted graphite irons.The alloys are produced under pressure of an inert gas maintained above the vapor pressure of the magnesium at the melt temperature. The alloy melt is rapidly solidified in a chill mold which imparts a certain amount of constraint to the melt to provide a high magnesium recovery in the alloy and a clean, safe, economical operation. As a result of rapid solidification, the magnesium is retained in the alloy as a fine dispersion or separate phase which is of advantage for high magnesium recovery in the alloy and for a high magnesium recovery in the cast iron when treated with the alloys of the present invention.Any desired composition of alloy may be produced. Best results are obtained when the alloys contain by weight from about 0.5 to 4.0% magnesium and optionally from about 0.1 to 10% silicon, from about 0.

Abstract: Strontium pyro-, monohydrogen, and dihydrogen phosphates are employed as catalysts for acid catalyzed organic condensation reactions. High conversion and exceptionally high selectivity are obtained by use of such catalysts in cyclization reactions such as in the conversion of hydroxyethylpiperazine to triethylenediamine.

Abstract: Certain hydrogen phosphate and pyrophosphate compositions are employed as catalysts for organic condensation reactions. Specifically, a diethylene glycolamine compound is converted to a morpholine compound in the presence of such a catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new and unique alloy composition and to the method of treating molten cast iron with such alloy to produce ductile and compacted graphite cast irons. The alloy is a predominately iron alloy having the essential elements by weight of from about 0.1 to about 10% silicon, from about 0.5 to about 4.0% magnesium, from about 0.1 to about 10.0% nickel and optionally from about 0.1 to about 2.0% cerium, and/or other rare earth elements. The alloy may comprise from about 0.1 to about 10.0% silicon, from about 0.5 to about 4.0% magnesium, from about 0.1 to about 10.0% nickel, optionally from about 0.1 to about 2.0% cerium and/or other rare earth elements, from about 0.5 to about 6.5% carbon and the balance iron. Small amounts of calcium, barium or stronium and trace elements customarily found in conventional raw materials used in producing the alloy may also be present.

Abstract: Certain hydrogen phosphate and pyrophosphate compositions are employed as catalysts for organic condensation reactions. Specifically, a diglycolamine compound is converted to a morpholine compound in the presence of such a catalyst.

Abstract: Strontium diorthophosphate is employed as catalyst for acid catalyzed organic condensation reactions. High conversion and exceptionally high selectivity are obtained by use of strontium diorthophosphate in cyclization reactions such as in the conversion of hydroxyethylpiperazine to triethylenediamine.

Abstract: A copper catalyzed silicon reaction mass for the production of methylchlorosilane which comprises free-flowing powders or particles of silicon metal having spots of a copper-silicon alloy substantially uniformly distributed on the surface of the silicon particles, the copper constituting less than about 2% and preferably about 1.75% by weight of the catalytic mass.

Abstract: An agglomerate of silicon and silicon base alloy particles having an in situ formed matrix of alkali metal silicate.