Abstract: A method of verifying authority of a customer to use a financial instrument, includes initiating one or more transactions using a financial instrument identified by a customer. One or more attributes of the initiated one or more transactions are stored. A determination is made as to whether or not a further financial transaction using the identified financial instrument, requested by the customer prior to acceptance of the use of the financial instrument, complies with pre-acceptance transaction rules. The further transaction is initiated only if it is determined to comply with the pre-acceptance transaction rules. One or more proffered attributes are received, typically from the customer. The received proffered attributes are compared to the stored attributes. Use of the financial instrument by the customer is then accepted if the received proffered attributes correspond to the stored attributes.

Abstract: A method of verifying authority of a customer to use a financial instrument, includes initiating one or more transactions using a financial instrument identified by a customer. One or more attributes of the initiated one or more transactions are stored. A determination is made as to whether or not a further financial transaction using the identified financial instrument, requested by the customer prior to acceptance of the use of the financial instrument, complies with pre-acceptance transaction rules. The further transaction is initiated only if it is determined to comply with the pre-acceptance transaction rules. One or more proffered attributes are received, typically from the customer. The received proffered attributes are compared to the stored attributes. Use of the financial instrument by the customer is then accepted if the received proffered attributes correspond to the stored attributes.

Abstract: To verify the authority of a customer to use a financial instrument, at least one random number is generated. The number of transactions to be initiated is determined based on the generated random number(s). The determined number of transactions using a financial instrument are initiated. One or more attributes of the initiated one or more transactions are stored. One or more proffered attributes are received, typically from the customer. The received proffered attributes are compared to the stored attributes.

Abstract: To verify the authority of a customer to use a financial instrument, one or more transactions using a financial instrument identified by a customer are initiated, for example, at the request of a verifying entity. One or more attributes of the initiated one or more transactions or a single value representing a function of these transactions, are stored. A request of the customer to initiate one or more other transactions using the financial instrument is received. The one or more attributes of the customer requested one or more other transactions are compared to the stored one or more attributes or single value. If the one or more attributes of the customer requested one or more other transactions correspond to the stored one or more attributes or single value, use of the financial instrument by the customer is accepted.