Abstract: Compositions, methods and apparatus (kits) for treating petroleum and petro-chemical based contaminants within expended filtration components, wherein the filtration components are exposed to water and a small concentrated volume of dormant bio-oxidizing medium comprising freeze-dried microorganisms on a freeze-dried substrate.

Abstract: There is provided compositions, methods and apparatus (kits) for treating petroleum and petro-chemical based contaminants within expended filtration components, wherein the filtration components are exposed to a coagulant which forms a solid or gel with the petroleum or petro-chemical based compound when exposed to water to prevent leeching and/or they are exposed to an enzymatic oxidizing medium, such as petroleum digesting bacteria, to decompose the petroleum and petro-chemical based compounds.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and apparatus (kits) for treating petroleum and petro-chemical based contaminants within expended filtration components, wherein the filtration components are exposed to water and a small concentrated volume of dormant bio-oxidizing medium comprising freeze-dried microorganisms on a freeze-dried substrate.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and apparatus (kits) for treating petroleum and petro-chemical based contaminants within expended filtration components, wherein the filtration components are exposed to water and a small concentrated volume of dormant bio-oxidizing medium comprising freeze-dried microorganisms on a freeze-dried substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a method and apparatus for accelerating the decomposition of petroleum and petro-chemical based contaminants within expended filter media by exposing the contaminated filter media to an oxidizing medium which contains active ingredients for oxidizing the petroleum and petro-chemical based compounds, such as petroleum digesting bacteria, within a sealed container.

Abstract: A surface modified catalyst of the type comprising at least two mechanically mixed elements forming active catalyst sites at the boundaries of such elements. The surface-modified catalyst is formed by irradiating a catalyst compound, which is preferably hopcalite (copper-manganese), at an energy level sufficient to cause molecular dispersion of the copper molecules and increase the number of active sites. One or more additional elements may be added to the surface-modified catalyst, e.g. lithium and yttrium, to affect the reaction properties and temperature stability.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying indoor air comprises a blower for circulating air through a duct and removing particles and neutralizing a number of harmful gases through a process of molecular catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbons at ambient temperatures. Preferably, the apparatus includes a series of treatment elements including an ozone generator for producing a oxidator gas, a bio-mass collector, a filter coated with zeolite and surface modified hopcalite for removal of CO and NO.sub.x compounds, a filter coated with calcium carbonate for removing carbon dioxide and hydrohalic compounds, a filter coated with zeolite for solvents such as MEK and adsorbing water, and one or more filters for removing particulates in the air stream. The filters thus remove particulates and neutralize a number of harmful gases that may be present in indoor air.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying indoor air comprises a blower for circulating air through a duct and removing particles and neutralizing a number of harmful gases through a process of molecular catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbons at ambient temperatures. Preferably, the apparatus includes a series of treatment elements including an ozone generator for producing a oxidator gas, a bio-mass collector, a filter coated with zeolite and surface modified hopcalite for removal of CO and NO.sub.x compounds, a filter coated with calcium carbonate for removing carbon dioxide and hydrohalic compounds, a filter coated with zeolite for solvents such as MEK and adsorbing water, and one or more filters for removing particulates in the air stream. The filters thus remove particulates and neutralize a number of harmful gases that may be present in indoor air.

Abstract: An electromagnetic converter directs the exhaust stream of a fossil fuel combustion process, for example the exhaust from an internal combustion engine, through a series of electrostatic fields to convert a substantial portion of the pollutants into non-harmful base elements. In an exemplary embodiment, the exhaust stream is directed through an anti-turbulator chamber, which conditions the flow. The chamber includes an electron transfer grid in the path of the flow. The grid has a negative dc charge of sufficient strength to achieve the first ionization level of the HC, CO, and CO.sub.2 molecules present. The ionized exhaust is thereafter directed to an ion generator chamber, which includes coils carrying a very high positive dc charge, e.g. 20,000-50,000 volts dc, sufficient to achieve ionization potential of the molecules to induce molecular breakdown into the base components of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Abstract: A fuel element in the form of a log made from highly compressed comminuted cellulose waste e.g. wood and paper, having an external layer of aluminum particles all enclosed in a hard protective shell of matted cellulose fibers. In a preferred form the log has a central bore, the walls of which are also coated with aluminum particles. The log upon burning emits great quantities of heat due to the generation of hydrogen.