Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and intermediates useful for preparing a compound of formula I: or a co-crystal, solvate, salt or combination thereof.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing a synthesis gas for use as a gaseous fuel or as feed into a fischer-Tropsch reactor to produce a liquid fuel in a substantially self-sustaining process. A slurry of particles of carbonaceous material in water, and hydrogen from an internal source, are fed into a hydro-gasification reactor under conditions whereby methane rich producer gases are generated and fed into a steam pyrolytic reformer under conditions whereby synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide are generated. A portion of the hydrogen generated by the steam pyrolytic reformer is fed through a hydrogen purification filter into the hydro-gasification reactor, the hydrogen therefrom constituting the hydrogen from an internal source. The remaining synthesis gas generated by the steam pyrolytic reformer is either used as fuel for a gaseous fueled engine to produce electricity and/or process heat or is fed into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor under conditions whereby a liquid fuel is produced.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing a synthesis gas for use as a gaseous fuel or as feed into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor to produce a liquid fuel in a substantially self-sustaining process. A slurry of particles of carbonaceous material in water, and hydrogen from an internal source, are fed into a hydro-gasification reactor under conditions whereby methane rich producer gases are generated and fed into a steam pyrolytic reformer under conditions whereby synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide are generated. A portion of the hydrogen generated by the steam pyrolytic reformer is fed through a hydrogen purification filter into the hydro-gasification reactor, the hydrogen therefrom constituting the hydrogen from an internal source. The remaining synthesis gas generated by the steam pyrolytic reformer is either used as fuel for a gaseous fueled engine to produce electricity and/or process heat or is fed into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor under conditions whereby a liquid fuel is produced.

Abstract: A system for automatically initiating a query of a knowledge portal from within a displayed document includes a word designation module configured to receive a user designation of at least two words of the document; an object identification module configured to automatically identify at least two objects within the knowledge portal corresponding to the at least two designated words; a query formulation module configured to automatically formulate a query for identifying at least one relationship within the knowledge portal linking the at least two objects; and a query initiation module configured to automatically direct the knowledge portal to initiate the query.

Abstract: A system for automatically initiating a query of a knowledge portal from within a displayed document includes a word designation module configured to receive a user designation of at least one word of the document; an object identification module configured to automatically identify a first object within the knowledge portal corresponding to the at least one designated word; a query formulation module configured to automatically formulate a query for identifying at least one additional object within the knowledge portal having a relationship with the first object; and a query initiation module configured to automatically direct the knowledge portal to initiate the query.