Abstract: An implanted system includes at least two optical sensors implanted proximate to an artery of a patient such that one optical sensor is upstream of another optical sensor. Arterial pulses of the patient may be detected based on electrical signals from at least one of the optical sensors. In addition, electrical signals from the optical sensors may be used to minimize the effects of motion artifacts on the detection of arterial pulses. For example, a detected pulse may be determined to be a spurious pulse if the optical sensors indicate the occurrence of the pulse within a predetermined range of time. As another example, a first optical sensor signal may be shifted in time relative to a second optical sensor signal, and the signals may be correlated. An arterial pulse may be detected at a time at which a peak or trough amplitude value of the correlated signal is observed.

Abstract: An implanted system includes at least two optical sensors implanted proximate to an artery of a patient such that one optical sensor is upstream of another optical sensor. Arterial pulses of the patient may be detected based on electrical signals from at least one of the optical sensors. In addition, electrical signals from the optical sensors may be used to minimize the effects of motion artifacts on the detection of arterial pulses. For example, a detected pulse may be determined to be a spurious pulse if the optical sensors indicate the occurrence of the pulse within a predetermined range of time. As another example, a first optical sensor signal may be shifted in time relative to a second optical sensor signal, and the signals may be correlated. An arterial pulse may be detected at a time at which a peak or trough amplitude value of the correlated signal is observed.

Abstract: Heart-monitoring systems, apparatus, and methods adapted to detect CS, CI and/or MI. In one embodiment, a system comprising at least two first-tier sensors capable of measuring and converting into signals at least two aspects related to cardiac function, at least one second-tier sensor that is also a first-tier sensor, at least one signal processor capable of transmitting a first-tier and second-tier trigger signal when coronary syndrome, cardiac ischemia or myocardial infarction has been detected, at least one communication device capable of communicating, at least one control element adapted to produce a first-tier and second-tier trigger signal when at least one first-tier sensor exceeds its threshold signal level, to exclude the signal from the first-tier sensor that exceeded its threshold and lower at least one threshold of the at least one first-tier sensor is provided.

Abstract: An implantable medical device (IMD) includes an optical hemodynamic sensor comprising at least one optical emitter and at least one detector. In some examples, the at least one optical emitter may be optically coupled to at least one light transmission member that extends from a housing of the IMD. In addition, in some examples, the at least one detector may be optically coupled to at least one light transmission member that extends from the housing of the IMD. In other examples, an optical emitter and/or detector of a hemodynamic sensor may be carried by an extension member that extends from a housing of the IMD. The elongated member may electrically couple the optical emitter and/or detector to a controller or other components within the IMD housing.

Abstract: An implantable medical device includes an optical hemodynamic sensor comprising at least one optical emitter and at least one detector. In some examples, the at least one optical emitter may be optically coupled to at least one light transmission member that extends from a housing of the medical device. In addition, in some examples, the at least one detector may be optically coupled to at least one light transmission member that extends from the housing of the medical device. In other examples, an optical emitter and/or detector of a hemodynamic sensor may be carried by an elongated member that extends from a housing of the IMD. The elongated member may electrically couple the optical emitter and/or detector to a controller or other components within the IMD housing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining vulnerable plaque in a cardiovascular lumen is disclosed. In one embodiment, a guide member comprising a temperature sensor and a distance sensor are inserted into the cardiovascular lumen. The temperature of the cardiovascular wall is measured with the temperature sensor, and the distance from the temperature sensor to the cardiovascular wall is determined. The cardiovascular wall temperature is adjusted based on the distance determination, and the vulnerable plaque is determined based on the adjusted wall temperature measurement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining vulnerable plaque in a cardiovascular lumen is disclosed. In one embodiment, a guide member comprising a temperature sensor and a distance sensor are inserted into the cardiovascular lumen. The temperature of the cardiovascular wall is measured with the temperature sensor, and the distance from the temperature sensor to the cardiovascular wall is determined. The cardiovascular wall temperature is adjusted based on the distance determination, and the vulnerable plaque is determined based on the adjusted wall temperature measurement.

Abstract: A method and system for determining vulnerable plaque in a cardiovascular lumen is disclosed. A guide member is inserted into the cardiovascular lumen. Temperature is sensed from a first position and a second position along the inserted guide member. Vulnerable plaque is determined based on the sensed temperature from the first position and the second position.