Abstract: Methods for increasing the ductility and reducing the porosity and cracking tendency of a palladium or palladium-silver electrodeposit which comprises providing an underlayer of a palladium/nickel or palladium/cobalt alloy electrodeposit. Also dual layer composite electroplated deposits and their use in electrical contacts or connectors.

Abstract: An electroplating bath composition is disclosed which permits high speed palladium deposition. The bath comprises carbonate or phosphate anion in a critical amount and is otherwise additive free. A pH of 7-9 is used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for high speed palladium electroplating by immersing the object to be plated in an ammoniacal solution of a palladium tetra-amino complex ion, palladium metal in a concentration of at least 10 g/l, and at least one carbonate or phosphate anion in a concentration of more than about 7.5 g/l and less than about 150 g/l. The solution has a pH of between about 7 and 9 and is free of quaternized pyridinium brightening agents. Palladium is plated into a substrate with high speed plating equipment which provides sufficient agitation, and current densities of 100 ASF and above to produce lustrous crack free deposits.

Abstract: A modular unit fluid pump-injector for pumping and injecting fuel into an engine combustion chamber is disclosed and includes a first retainer (68) for sealably and removably retaining the pump cylinder (32) against the housing (18) and a second retainer (148) for sealably and removably retaining an encapsulated injector assembly (28) against the first retainer (68).Unlike conventional unit fluid pump-injectors which have a single elongated sleeve-type nut enclosing and clamping a stacked plurality of both pump and injector components, the modular design is less prone to excessive fuel leakage and the plunger binding during assembly. The modular design also facilities easy assembly or removal of the encapsulated injector assembly (28) to or from the first retainer (68) without altering the position or arrangement of the pump elements (32,34) relative to the first retainer (68).

Abstract: In fuel injectors of the type which include a rotating plunger (12) having a double helix, or "double scroll", control edges (62, 64), a control edge configuration is disclosed which improves the starting characteristics of certain internal combustion engines. A starting groove (76) and a starting projection (78) are provided in the control edges (62, 64) which simultaneously greatly increase the amount of fuel injected into the combustion space and retard engine timing. Also provided is a control mechanism (92-96) which prevents the injectors from accidently or intentionally rotating to the start position when the engine is running.

Abstract: This invention relates to the automatic operation of electric wall switches. Through the use of electronics and mechanisms contained within the switch body, the switch operates on command of a remote digital controller, or alternatively, from an integral timer. in the former case, digital codes are transmitted on existing electrical wiring in a building to provide remote operation. When an integrated timer is utilized, the timer provides controlled turn "on" or "off" functions.

Abstract: A container closure comprises a plastic ring having a top wall and a depending skirt with an annular opening in the top wall. A metal disc is disposed within and against the ring to close the opening. The metal disc is made from a stamped metal which is readily subject to corrosion. The raw edge of the disc is exposed and its internal layer is coated with a corrosion preventing material.