Abstract: A bowling shoe protector includes a sole portion and an upper portion designed to fit snuggly about a conventional bowling shoe. The bowling shoe protector is made from a waterproof material such as rubber, vinyl or plastic. The surface of the inner sole of the bowling shoe protector includes a conditioning surface having an abrasive layer or lining. The abrasive layer or lining may be, for example, a component of a hook and loop type fastener, embedded abrasive material such as emery, plastic or wire, or a textured abrasive surface, or a steel wool-type material. The conditioning material on the inner surface of the sole of the bowling shoe protector conditions the exterior sole of a bowling shoe due to slippage which occurs between the inner surface of the bowling shoe protector and the exterior sole of an inserted bowling shoe. The slippage produces a reciprocating action which permits the conditioning surface to sand or abrade away any foreign matter, including droplets of water.