Abstract: A building system of a building including one or more memory devices having instructions thereon, that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to identify a capability of an entity in a building graph, the building graph including a plurality of nodes and a plurality of edges, the plurality of nodes representing entities of the building including the entity and the capability, the plurality of edges representing relationships between the entities of the building and the capability. The instructions cause the one or more processors to receive a command to perform an operation associated with the entity, the operation associated with the capability of the entity and provide the command to perform the operation associated with the entity to an operating system.

Abstract: A building system of a building including one or more memory devices having instructions thereon, that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to receive a request to access a portion of a building graph of the building from a system, the building graph including a plurality of nodes and a plurality of edges, the plurality of nodes representing entities of the building and the plurality of edges representing relationships between the entities of the building. The instructions cause one or more processors to determine whether the system has access to the portion of the building graph based on a policy indicated by the plurality of nodes and edges of the building graph and provide the portion of the building graph to the system in response to a determination that the system has access to the portion of the building graph.

Abstract: A building system of a building including one or more memory devices having instructions thereon, that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to identify a capability of an entity in a building graph, the building graph including a plurality of nodes and a plurality of edges, the plurality of nodes representing entities of the building including the entity and the capability, the plurality of edges representing relationships between the entities of the building and the capability. The instructions cause the one or more processors to receive a command to perform an operation associated with the entity, the operation associated with the capability of the entity and provide the command to perform the operation associated with the entity to an operating system.

Abstract: A building system including one or more memory devices having instructions stored thereon, that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to receive an event from an event source, the event comprising data and a timestamp. The building system operates to identify first contextual data describing the event in a digital twin, the digital twin comprising a virtual representation of a building, enrich the event with the first contextual data, and provide the enriched event to a consuming system, the consuming system generating an output event based on the enriched event. The building system operates to identify second contextual data describing the output event in the digital twin, enrich the output event with the second contextual data, and provide the enriched output event to the consuming system or another consuming system.

Abstract: A building system of a building including one or more memory devices having instructions thereon, that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to identify a capability of an entity in a building graph, the building graph including a plurality of nodes and a plurality of edges, the plurality of nodes representing entities of the building including the entity and the capability, the plurality of edges representing relationships between the entities of the building and the capability. The instructions cause the one or more processors to receive a command to perform an operation associated with the entity, the operation associated with the capability of the entity and provide the command to perform the operation associated with the entity to an operating system.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a method for dispensing material from a roll. The method monitors the weight of a first material roll using a load cell attached to a frame holding the first material roll. The method dispenses material from the first material roll. The method determines, based on at least the weight of the first material roll, when to remove a second material roll from a refrigerator or freezer to reduce the amount of time between the thawing of the second roll and replacing the first roll with the second roll. Also disclosed is an apparatus for dispensing the material from the roll.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a method for dispensing material from a roll. The method monitors the weight of a first material roll using a load cell attached to a frame holding the first material roll. The method dispenses material from the first material roll. The method determines, based on at least the weight of the first material roll, when to remove a second material roll from a refrigerator or freezer to reduce the amount of time between the thawing of the second roll and replacing the first roll with the second roll. Also disclosed is an apparatus for dispensing the material from the roll.

Abstract: An atmospheric leach process for the recovery of nickel and cobalt from lateritic ores includes providing limonitic and saprolitic ore fractions of a laterite ore; separately slurrying the limonitic and saprolitic ore fractions to produce a limonitic ore slurry and a saprolitic ore slurry; separating any limonitic type minerals from the saprolitic ore slurry to produce a saprolitic feed slurry; milling or wet grinding the saprolitic feed slurry; leaching the limonitic ore slurry with concentrated sulfuric acid in a primary leach step; introducing the saprolitic feed slurry to the leach process in a secondary leach step by combining the saprolitic feed slurry with the leached limonite slurry following substantial completion of the primary leach step, and releasing sulfuric acid to assist in leaching the saprolite feed slurry.

Abstract: An atmospheric leach process in the recovery of nickel and cobalt from lateritic ores, said process including the steps of: a) providing limonitic and saprolitic ore fractions of a laterite ore; b) separately slurrying the limonitic and saprolitic ore fractions to produce a limonitic ore slurry and a saprolitic ore slurry; c) separating any limonitic type minerals from the saprolitic ore slurry to produce a saprolitic feed slurry; d) milling or wet grinding the saprolitic feed slurry; e) leaching the limonitic ore slurry with concentrated sulfuric acid in a primary leach step; f) introducing the saprolitic feed slurry to the leach process in a secondary leach step by combining the saprolitic feed slurry with the leached limonite slurry following substantial completion of the primary leach step, releasing sulfuric acid to assist in leaching the saprolite feed slurry, wherein the saprolitic feed slurry is substantially free of all limonitic type minerals before it is introduced to the leach process.

Abstract: A wireless repeater extends a coverage area of a wireless network base station within a structure or facility. The repeater includes a master unit for wirelessly communicating with the wireless network base station and a slave unit for wirelessly communicating with one or more subscriber terminals. The master unit is connected to the slave unit through new or existing wiring in the structure to enable the master unit to transmit wireless signals to the slave unit on a downlink transport frequency and to receive wireless signals from the slave unit on an uplink transport frequency in a manner that is transparent to the wireless base station and the subscriber terminals.

Abstract: A physical layer frequency translating repeater for use in a wireless network can include a baseband section with demodulator, a processor and a memory. A portion of a packet for repeating can be processed during a physical layer repeating operation and a higher layer function performed without modification of an address. A received signal can be processed on a symbol-by-symbol basis in a first symbol interval, and regenerated after at least a second symbol interval and prior to completion of the demodulating the received signal. A hybrid network device can include a network node portion and a physical layer repeater portion.

Abstract: A method and repeater are described for repeating using a time division duplex (TDD) radio protocol. A signal is transmitted from a first station to a second station using a downlink and an uplink. The signal can be detected on the uplink or the downlink. The repeater can synchronize to time intervals associated with the detected signal that are measured during an observation period. The signal can be retransmitted from the second station to the first station if the signal is detected on the uplink and re-transmitted from the first station to the second station if the signal is detected on the downlink. A gain value associated with the downlink can be used to establish a gain value associated with the uplink.

Abstract: A wireless communication node, such as a repeater, including a frequency translating repeater, a physical layer (PHY) repeater, time divisional duplex repeater (TDD) and the like, is configured with a pair of directional patch antennae and an omni-directional antenna. The patch antennae can be selected depending on the orientation of the repeater package to communicate with a station such as an access point or a base station. The omni-directional antenna can be directed toward another station such as a client. The patch antennae and the omni-directional antenna can be orthogonally polarized to increase isolation and reduce electromagnetic coupling. Multiple antennae can be used in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) configurations.

Abstract: A frequency translating repeater (120) for use in a time division duplex (TDD) radio protocol communications system includes local oscillator (LO) circuits (210, 310, and 410) to facilitate repeating by providing isolation, reduced phase noise, reduced pulling, and the like. Tunable LOs (441, 442) can be directly coupled to down-converters (413, 414) and up-converters (426, 427) for increased isolation, reduced phase noise, less stringent frequency accuracy, and a reduced potential for pulling.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for improving packet transmission and reducing latency in VoIP over WLAN using switched beam antennas having multiple directional antenna beams are disclosed. In an access point having a switched beam antenna, or other smart antenna system, the present invention extends the coverage area of an access point for authentication and association of a new WTRU, extends the access points coverage area during in session transmissions with a WTRU, and adjusts data rates. The method also controls Contention Period (CP)/Contention Free Period (CFP) timing amongst beams emanating from an access point having a switched beam antenna, or other smart antenna system. Fast diversity switching, frame level switching, lowered data rates, and scanning multiple directional antenna beams for the optimum transmission beam are disclosed to improve beam selection and packet transmission.

Abstract: A communications device includes horizontally and vertically polarized antenna elements. A switching network is coupled to the antenna elements for switching signals received therefrom between first and second switching configurations. A combiner is coupled to the switching network for generating a first combined output signal having a first phase relationship based upon the first switching configuration, and for generating a second combined output signal having a second phase relationship based upon the second switching configuration. A receiver is coupled to the combiner and determines a respective signal quality of the first and second combined output signals. The receiver provides feedback to the switching network for selecting the first or second switching configuration based upon the determined signal qualities.

Abstract: A discrete time bandpass filter element (103) having multiple stages (201, 202, 203, 204, 205) for use in a time division duplex radio protocol communications system including an automatic gain control. Discrete time bandpass filter is used to generate delay and can replace SAW filters in a wireless frequency translating repeater.

Abstract: A wireless network includes at least one Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless network station and two or more physical layer repeaters. Each of the physical layer repeaters is for receiving a wireless signal to or from the at least one MIMO wireless network station and re-transmitting the wireless signal while continuing to receive the wireless signal. The repeaters may be either frequency translating repeaters or non-frequency translating repeaters.

Abstract: A physical layer frequency translating repeater (600, 700) for use in a wireless network includes signal processor (710-714) coupled with a signal processing bus (711), a processor (627) and a memory (650). The physical layer repeater conducts physical layer repeating and selectively conducts layer 2 and possibly layer 3 functions depending on network conditions and other factors. A demodulator (623) can extract address information such as media access control (MAC) addressing to enable packets to be redirected, terminated, stored and forwarded, if necessary, based on network conditions.

Abstract: An access point operates in an 802.11 wireless communication network communicating with a client station, and includes a smart antenna for generating directional antenna beams and an omni-directional antenna beam. An antenna steering algorithm scans the directional antenna beams and the omni-directional antenna beam for receiving signals from the client station. The signals received via each scanned antenna beam are measured, and one of the antenna beams is selected based upon the measuring for communicating with the client station. The selected antenna beam is preferably a directional antenna beam. Once the directional antenna beam has been selected, there are several usage rules for exchanging data with the client station. The usage rules are directed to an active state of the access point, which includes a data transmission mode and a data reception mode.