Abstract: Flowcells and Raman analysis systems provide improved signal collection dynamics through increased solid-angle geometries and improved numerical aperture for near-diffraction-limited performance. A combined excitation/collection beam passes through a first optical material, a sample conduit and a second optical material. A concave reflective aspheric surface focuses and re-collimates the combined beam to and from a region of the sample within the conduit. The optical materials may comprise separate windows or may integrally form sidewalls the conduit. The reflective surface may be spaced apart from the second window or may be integrally formed with the second optical material. The focused region in the sample may approximate a point or a line, and at least a portion of the interior wall of the conduit may be reflective, causing the combined beam to pass through the sample region more than once to enhance collection efficiency.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a syringe including a container, for containing a primary fluid, and at least one secondary fluid chamber configured to contain a secondary fluid. The container comprises a proximal end and a distal end and having a distal end opening at the distal end. The syringe further comprises a stopper, movably arranged within the container; and a plunger engageable with the stopper and configured to apply a force to the stopper to move the stopper within the container towards the distal end of the container, to expel primary fluid from the container through the distal end opening. The plunger is further configured to expel secondary fluid from the at least one secondary fluid chamber towards the distal end opening, to expel at least a portion of a residual volume of primary fluid through the distal end opening. A plunger system and assembly for a syringe and methods of expelling fluid from a syringe are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition for administration of a therapeutically effective dose of a topoisomerase inhibitor I or topoisomerase I/II inhibitor is described. The composition includes liposomes having an outer surface and an inner surface defining an aqueous liposome compartment, and being composed of a vesicle-forming lipid and of a vesicle-forming lipid derivatized with a hydrophilic polymer to form a coating of hydrophilic polymer chains on both the inner and outer surfaces of the liposomes. Entrapped in the liposomes is the topoisomerase inhibitor at a concentration of at least about 0.10 ?mole drug per ?mole lipid.

Abstract: A switched reluctance drive is controlled without using a physical rotor position detector. The control method causes current to flow continuously in a single winding when the rotor is turning and detects position by finding either the peak of the current waveform or some other feature which can be uniquely related to the position of the rotor.

Abstract: A composition for administration of a therapeutically effective dose of a topoisomerase inhibitor I or topoisomerase I/II inhibitor is described. The composition includes liposomes having an outer surface and an inner surface defining an aqueous liposome compartment, and being composed of a vesicle-forming lipid and of a vesicle-forming lipid derivatized with a hydrophilic polymer to form a coating of hydrophilic polymer chains on both the inner and outer surfaces of the liposomes. Entrapped in the liposomes is the topoisomerase inhibitor at a concentration of at least about 0.10 ?mole drug per ?mole lipid.

Abstract: A switched reluctance drive is controlled without using a physical rotor position detector. The control method estimates the standing flux-linkage associated with the phase and uses this estimate to improve its estimate of rotor position. The method works robustly regardless of whether the current is continuous or discontinuous.

Abstract: A switched reluctance drive is controlled without using a physical rotor position detector. The control method causes current to flow continuously in a single winding when the rotor is turning and detects position by finding either the peak of the current waveform or some other feature which can be uniquely related to the position of the rotor.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for providing DMA transfers between an adapter card with or with out DMA capabilities and a system CPU with DMA capabilities. An adapter DMA controller circuit resides between the system CPU and the adapter card. This adapter DMA controller allows the system to run in immediate mode which allows the system CPU to talk to the adapter card as if the adapter DMA controller was not there. The system can also run in DMA mode. In this mode the system CPU sets up the system DMA controller and the adapter DMA controller. The adapter DMA controller takes over sending or receiving data to the adapter card and then requesting a DMA transfer with the system DMA controller. The transfer of data between the adapter DMA controller and the adapter does not use any system CPU resources such as the data and address busses. The system CPU is free to use the system resources to continue operation.

Abstract: A switched reluctance machine is controlled without using a physical rotor position detector. The rotor position at start-up is determined by simultaneously injecting a current of known magnitude into two phases. The rise times of the currents are measured and used to interrogate a stored table of rise time against rotor angle for the known current level. This produces two possible rotor positions from each rise time. Comparisons of the pairs of angles yield the actual position.

Abstract: A switched reluctance drive is controlled without using a physical rotor position detector. The control method estimates the standing flux-linkage associated with the phase and uses this estimate to improve its estimate of rotor position. The method works robustly regardless of whether the current is continuous or discontinuous.

Abstract: A switched reluctance machine is controlled without using a physical rotor position detector. The rotor position at start-up is determined by simultaneously injecting a current of known magnitude into two phases. The rise times of the currents are measured and used to interrogate a stored table of rise time against rotor angle for the known current level. This produces two possible rotor positions from each rise time. Comparisons of the pairs of angles yield the actual position.

Abstract: A switched reluctance drive is supplied from a supply. The excitation applied to the phase winding(s) has one or more gaps inserted so that, when the phase currents are summed, the resulting supply current has a reduced harmonic content. The supply may be alternating or direct.

Abstract: A canine vest having ballistic panels has an outer covering including a longitudinally extending elastic panel. Apertures are provided for a dog's front legs and front and rear ballistic panels are removably secured to an inner face of the cover in addition opposed side panels of ballistic material secured the inner face of the cover. A top closure is provided preferably a zipper type fastener and additionally a rappelling ring may be provided adjacent the top closure.

Abstract: A joining tool for automatically joining or intertwining two or more items, preferably reinforcement rods (23). The joining tool advances a joining wire (6) in a not predetermined length through a track (5) in a ring-shaped head (2). The advancing movement of the joining wire (6) stops when the wire has completed the turn and the wire is then held at its free end by a holding pin (10) whereupon it is pulled back until it is tight around the reinforcement rods (23). Upon tightening the joining wire (6) is held by another holding pin (12) whereupon two cutting sleeves (14 and 15) cut the joining wire (6). After cutting, a turning head (7) is rotated until the desired joining strength is obtained. The desired joining strength is determined by a U-shaped brace (19). When the desired joining strength has been obtained, the joining wire is released by the holding pins (10 and 12).

Abstract: A compost turner including a rotatable mandrel supported by a shaft and at least one bearing includes a guard for reducing the tendency of polymeric garbage bags to wrap around the mandrel shaft and foul the bearing. The guard includes stationary cutting members mounted to a bearing support and rotating cutting members mounted to the mandrel which interact with the stationary guard members to shred garbage bags into harmless pieces.