Abstract: Methods are disclosed that include directing electromagnetic radiation and/or heat to a structure, the structure including a substrate, a first layer, and a marking composition between the substrate and the first layer. At least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation and/or heat is transmitted through the first layer and the structure is marked.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed that include directing electromagnetic radiation and/or heat to a structure, the structure including a substrate, a first layer, and a marking composition between the substrate and the first layer. At least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation and/or heat is transmitted through the first layer and the structure is marked.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method includes directing electromagnetic radiation to a structure, the structure including a substrate, a first layer, and a marking composition between the substrate and the first layer. At least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation is transmitted through the first layer, and the structure is marked.

Abstract: A compound having the formula ##STR1## in which X is O, S, or Se; each R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3, independently, is H, a lower alkyl, or aralkyl; A is a saturated or unsaturated ring; and each Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z.sub.3, Z.sub.4, Z.sub.5, Z.sub.6, Z.sub.7, or Z.sub.8, independently, is H or a halogen,provided that when X is O, at least one group Z is a halogen; when either Z.sub.2 or Z.sub.3 is a halogen, at least one of R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 is H; and when both Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 are halogens, both R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are H;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.The compounds are useful for photo-inactivation of cancer cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to photographic processes and products for forming an image in dye from a colorless precursor of a preformed image dye which is substituted with a moiety containing a thiazolidinyl group, said thiazolidinyl group (a) being capable of undergoing cleavage imagewise in the presence of an imagewise distribution of silver ion and/or soluble silver complex and (b) possessing a substituent on the carbon atom in the 2-position that undergoes a .beta.-elimination reaction upon said imagewise cleavage, which moiety maintains the precursor in its colorless form at least until said thiazolidinyl group undergoes said cleavage. In a further embodiment, an imagewise distribution of a photographically useful reagent, which reagent may be, for example, a photographically active reagent, is released as a carbamic acid by a .beta.-elimination reaction following the cleavage of a thiazolidinyl group whereby said reagent is provided with a solubilizing group at least during the initial stages of processing.

Abstract: This invention relates to photographic processes and products for forming an image in dye from a colorless precursor of a preformed image dye which is substituted with a moiety comprising a 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group, said 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group (a) being capable of undergoing cleavage in the presence of silver ion and/or soluble silver complex, and (b) possessing an amide substituent on the carbon atom in the 2-position that undergoes an intramolecularly accelerated cleavage reaction following the cleavage of said 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group, which moiety maintains said precursor in its colorless form at least until the 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group undergoes said cleavage. In a further embodiment, the cleavage of the amide substituent following the cleavage of the 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group is used to provide an imagewise distribution of a photographically useful reagent, which reagent may be, for example, a photographically active reagent.

Abstract: This invention relates to photographic processes and products for forming an image in dye from a colorless precursor of a preformed image dye which is substituted with a moiety containing a thiazolidinyl group, said thiazolidinyl group (a) being capable of undergoing cleavage imagewise in the presence of an imagewise distribution of silver ion and/or soluble silver complex and (b) possessing a substituent on the carbon atom in the 2-position that undergoes a .beta.-elimination reaction upon said imagewise cleavage, which moiety maintains the precursor in its colorless form at least until said thiazolidinyl group undergoes said cleavage. In a further embodiment, an imagewise distribution of a photographically useful reagent, which reagent may be, for example, a photographically active reagent, is released as a carbamic acid by a .beta.-elimination reaction following the cleavage of a thiazolidinyl group whereby said reagent is provided with a solubilizing group at least during the initial stages of processing.

Abstract: This invention relates to photographic processes and products for forming an image in dye from a colorless precursor of a preformed image dye which is substituted with a moiety comprising a 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group, said 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group (a) being capable of undergoing cleavage in the presence of silver ion and/or soluble silver complex, and (b) possessing an amide substituent on the carbon atom in the 2-position that undergoes an intramolecularly accelerated cleavage reaction following the cleavage of said 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group, which moiety maintains said precursor in its colorless form at least until the 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group undergoes said cleavage. In a further embodiment, the cleavage of the amide substituent following the cleavage of the 1,3-sulfur-nitrogen group is used to provide an imagewise distribution of a photographically useful reagent, which reagent may be, for example, a photographically active reagent.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is concerned with novel xanthene compounds selected from those of the formulae ##STR1## wherein each R.sup.1 the same or different is alkyl, each R.sup.2 the same or different is an electron-withdrawing group having a positive sigma value greater than 0.6, X is ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 is alkyl, Y is an electron-withdrawing group, n is 0 or 1 and A is an anion. In another embodiment, the present invention is concerned with photographic products and processes employing these xanthene compounds, e.g., as photographic light-screening dyes.

Abstract: In one aspect, this invention relates to a method of synthesizing certain 3-(4'-OH-carbocyclic aryl)-3-(carbocyclic aryl)-2,3-dihydrobenz[d]isothiazole-1,1-dioxides (and -2,3-dihydronaphtho[1,8-de]-1,2-thiazine-1,1-dioxides) by reacting a 3-(4'-OP-carbocyclic aryl)-3-(carbocyclic aryl)-2,3-dihydrobenz[d]isothiazole-1,1-dioxide (or a 3-(4'-OP-carbocyclic aryl)-3-(carbocyclic aryl)-2,3-dihydronaphtho[1,8-de]-1,2-thiazine-1,1-dioxide) wherein P is a protecting group with a carboxylic acid halide in pyridine to yield the corresponding 2-carbonyl derivative followed by removing the protecting group with weak acid to give the product. Optionally, the acylation step may be carried out by sequentially reacting the starting compound with an alkali metal hydride to give the corresponding 2-alkali metal salt and then reacting with the carboxylic acid halide in a suitable inert organic solvent.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with photographic products and processes employing certain pH-sensitive xanthene compounds as light-screening dyes, which compounds may be represented by the formulae ##STR1## wherein A and A', the same or different, are selected from ##STR2## each R is hydrogen or an electron-withdrawing group; each R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl; each R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl or an electron-withdrawing group; R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.4 is alkyl; and n is 0 or 1 and which compounds in their colored, i.e., ring-opened form may be represented by the formulae ##STR3## wherein A, A', R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and n have the same meaning given above and Z is an anion.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is concerned with novel xanthene compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein each R.sup.1 the same or different is hydrogen or alkyl, each R.sup.2 the same or different is alkyl or phenyl, R.sup.3 is phenyl or alkyl, Y is an electron-withdrawing group and A is an anion. In another embodiment, the present invention is concerned with photographic products and processes employing these xanthene compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel xanthene compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R' is alkyl and n is 0 or 1, which compounds are useful in photographic products and processes.

Abstract: In one aspect, this invention relates to a method of synthesizing certain 3-(4'-OP-carbocyclic aryl)-3-(carbocyclic aryl)-2,3-dihydrobenz[d]isothiazole-1,1-dioxides (and -2,3-dihydronaphtho[1,8-de]-1,2-thiazine-1,1-dioxides) by reacting (a) a 3-(4'-OP-carbocyclic aryl)-benz[d]isothiazole-1,1-dioxide wherein P is a protecting group or a 3-(4'-OP-carbocyclic aryl)-naphtho[1,8-de]-1,2-thiazine-1,1-dioxide wherein P is a protecting group and (b) a carbocyclic aryllithium compound to give (c) the corresponding 3-(4'-OP-carbocyclic aryl)-3-(carbocyclic aryl)-2,3-dihydrobenz[d]-isothiazole-1,1-dioxide or the corresponding 3-(4'-OP-carbocyclic aryl)-3-(carbocyclic aryl)-2,3-dihydronaphtho-[1,8-de]-1,2-thiazine-1,1-dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel xanthene compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl, which compounds are useful in photographic products and processes.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel xanthene compounds of the formulae ##STR1## and ##STR2## wherein each R.sup.1 the same or different is alkyl or benzyl; each R.sup.2 the same or different is an electron-withdrawing group having a positive sigma value greater than 0.6; R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.4 is alkyl; and n is 0 or 1, said R.sup.2 group being ortho, meta or para to said N atom. The subject compounds are useful as light-screening dyes in photographic products and processes.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is concerned with novel xanthene compounds selected from those of the formulae ##STR1## wherein each R.sup.1 the same or different is alkyl, each R.sup.2 the same or different is an electron-withdrawing group having a positive sigma value greater than 0.6, X is ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 is alkyl, Y is an electron-withdrawing group, n is 0 or 1 and A is an anion. In another embodiment, the present invention is concerned with photographic products and processes employing these xanthene compounds, e.g., as photographic light-screening dyes.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with photographic products and processes, particularly diffusion transfer products and processes employing certain colored triarylmethane compounds possessing in their triaryl structure a 4'-oxo-1'-naphthylidene (or a 4'-oxo-1'-phenylidene) moiety, a naphthyl (or phenyl moiety) and a phenyl moiety substituted in the ortho-position to the central carbon atom with a non-nucleophilic group that cannot add to the central carbon atom but in alkaline solution undergoes an irreversible cleavage reaction with base that is complete within a predetermined time at a predetermined alkaline pH to provide a nucleophilic moiety that adds to the central carbon atom to form a ring-closed compound which is colorless.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is concerned with novel xanthene compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is ##STR2## wherein R' is alkyl, Y is an electron-withdrawing group and n is 0 or 1. In another embodiment, the present invention is concerned with photographic products and processes employing these xanthene compounds.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is concerned with novel xanthene compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is ##STR2## wherein R' is alkyl; Y is an electron-withdrawing group and A is an anion. In another embodiment, the present invention is concerned with photographic products and processes employing these xanthene compounds.