Abstract: A device and method for weld root hardening determination compensated for variations in distance between sensor and sample are disclosed. A sensor is used to determine hardness of a weld for weld fabrication quality control. Because of irregular weld protrusion geometry, there may be variations in the tip of the sensor and the surface, resulting in inconsistent measurements. To compensate, one or both of a positional compensation or a software compensation are performed. Positional compensation mechanically moves the tip of the sensor to within a predetermined range of the surface. Software compensation may at least partly compensate for the variation by using one part of the generated sensor data (such as the 1st harmonic signal) in order to modify another part of the generated sensor data (such as the 3rd harmonic signal). In this way, the sensor determination of hardness of the weld may be less dependent on the variations.

Abstract: For method of utilizing a nondestructive evaluation method to inspect a steel material comprising at least one hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or at least one nonhysteretic material to identify one or more material conditions and/or one or more inhomogeneities in steel material, the method can comprise the steps of: interrogating the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material with an input time varying magnetic field; scanning the steel material and detecting a magnetic response and/or acoustic response over time from the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material; determining a time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response; and correlating the time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response to the one or more material conditions and/or one or more inhomogeneities in steel material.

Abstract: Although high-manganese steels may have desirable mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, machining and casting can be difficult. Alternatively, high-manganese steel parts may be fabricated to near-net shape parts using powder metallurgical processing, such as hot pressing and powder injection molding, thereby significantly minimizing or eliminating the need for further machining of fabricated parts.

Abstract: For method of utilizing a nondestructive evaluation method to inspect a steel material comprising at least one hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or at least one nonhysteretic material to identify one or more material conditions and/or one or more inhomogeneities in steel material, the method can comprise the steps of: interrogating the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material with an input time varying magnetic field; scanning the steel material and detecting a magnetic response and/or acoustic response over time from the hysteretic ferromagnetic material and/or the nonhysteretic material; determining a time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response; and correlating the time dependent nonlinear characteristic of the received magnetic response and/or acoustic response to the one or more material conditions and/or one or more inhomogeneities in steel material.

Abstract: Provided is a method of utilizing a nondestructive evaluation method to inspect/screen steel components (like plates), steel metal pipes, and seam welds and girth welds of the pipes to identify material phases and assess material qualities. The method includes: providing a DC magnetic field from a magnet to a steel plate, pipe, or weld composed of at least one hysteretic ferromagnetic material followed by scanning the plate, pipe, or weld and recording magnetic responses from two or more suitable sensors disposed at locations with different magnetic field strengths in the regions of interest configured to receive magnetic responses; and correlating all the said received magnetic responses to one or more material qualities and/or material phases of the plate, pipe, or weld. The one or more material qualities includes regions of higher hardness, regions of metal loss, regions of surface cracks, amount of undesirable phases, and combinations thereof.