Abstract: Use fresh water or water with sufficiently reduced salinity to trigger burst of bacterial cell wall due to osmotic pressure gradient. Combine the freshwater with conventional biocide treatment and pigging to increase the likelihood of killing the bacteria responsible for reservoir souring.

Abstract: An underwater pipe assembly includes first and second pipes each of which has opposite inner and outer circumferential surfaces and an annular end face. An inner coil surrounds the inner circumferential surfaces of the first and second pipes at a junction therebetween. An annular inner cover layer covers the inner coil. An outer coil is sleeved on the outer circumferential surfaces of the first and second pipes at a position corresponding to the inner coil. An annular outer cover layer covers the outer coil. When the inner and outer coils are energized, the end faces of the first and second pipes are melted to fuse together the pipes, and the inner and outer cover layers are melted to radially fuse with the pipes.

Abstract: An underwater pipe and connector assembly includes an underwater pipe having a pipe body and an annular connecting end section, a connector fixed in the connecting end section, and at least one reinforcing layer having a first fixed cover section fused to and fixedly covering the connecting end section, and a second fixed cover section fused to and fixedly covering an outer circumferential surface of the pipe body immediately adjacent the connecting end section. An outer coil is embedded between the first fixed cover section and the connecting end section and between the second fixed cover section and the outer circumferential surface of the pipe body immediately adjacent the connecting end section.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of and a noise suppression system (100) for noise suppression of a sound signal, the sound signal comprising speech of a user (110) when the user (110) is speaking, the system comprising at least one first sound receiver (101) adapted to obtain, during use, a first sound signal (120), and at least one second sound receiver (102) adapted to obtain, during use, a second sound signal (121), wherein the first sound signal (120) comprises a first airborne noise signal (103) when noise (111) is present and a first airborne speech signal (104) when the user (110) is speaking, the second sound signal (121) comprises a second airborne noise signal (105) when noise (111) is present and a second airborne speech signal (106) when the user (110) is speaking, the at least one first sound receiver (101) is a vibration pickup or transducer (101) adapted to obtain, during use, an additional speech signal (107) when the user (110) is speaking, wherein the additional speech signal (107) is obt

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bone conduction microphone device (101) adapted to register speech signals from a user, the bone conduction microphone device (101) comprising a housing (102) comprising an abutment or contact part (103), the abutment or contact part (103) having a central axis (105) being substantially parallel in to a predetermined distal direction and a predetermined proximal direction, being adapted to, during use, abut against and be in vibratory contact with tissue of at least a part of a head or neck of the user, and being further adapted to receive, during use, vibrations, representing a speech signal and propagating through at least a part of the user's tissue and/or bone structures in the head or neck of the user when the user is speaking, wherein the housing (102) further comprises or is connected to at least one sealing element (110), the at least one sealing element (110) substantially or at least partly encircling the abutment or contact part (103) about the central axis (105).

Abstract: Methods of processing lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars are provided which rely on hydrothermal pretreatment. Soft lignocellulosic biomass feedstock is pretreated in a single-stage pressurized hydrothermal pretreatment to very low severity. The pre-treated biomass is hydrolysed, typically as a whole slurry, using enzymatic hydrolysis catalysed by an enzyme mixture comprising endoglucanase, exoglucanase, ?-glucosidase, endoxylanase, and ?-xylosidase activities at activity levels in nkat/g glucan of endoglucanase of at least 1100, exoglucanase of at least 280, ?-glucosidase of at least 3000, endoxylanase of at least 1400, and ?-xylosidase of at least 75, so as to produce a hydrolysate in which the yield of C5 monomers is at least 55% of the original xylose and arabinose content of the feedstock prior to pretreatment.

Abstract: An underwater pipe assembly includes a first pipe having a first collar and a first flange, a second pipe having a second collar and a second flange, and a connector apparatus including at least two first clamp seats, at least two first fasteners, at least two second clamp seats, at least two second fasteners. The first clamp seats are interconnected by the first fasteners to surround a junction of the first collar and the first flange. The second clamp seats are interconnected by the second fasteners to surround a junction of the second collar and the second flange. A plurality of connecting fasteners interconnect the first and second clamp seats, thereby clamping the first and second flanges between the first and second clamp seats.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for production of fermentation products, including bioethanol by non-pressurized pre-treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of waste fractions containing mono- and/or polysaccharides, having a relatively high dry matter content. The process in its entirety, i.e. from non-pressurized pre-treatment over enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation to sorting of fermentable and non-fermentable solids can be processed at a relatively high dry matter content in a single vessel or similar device using free fall mixing for the mechanical processing of the waste fraction.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning an underwater pipe includes a plurality of fixing members for disposing on an outer circumferential surface of the underwater pipe in a spaced apart manner, a submersible unit connected to one of the fixing members, and a counterweight unit. The submersible unit is configured to float the underwater pipe on a water surface and submerge the underwater pipe. The counterweight unit is connected to the other one of the fixing members when the underwater pipe is submerged for positioning the underwater pipe on a bottom of a body of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of processing lignocellulosic biomass comprising: providing lignocellulosic biomass feedstock; pretreating said biomass feedstock by continuous hydrothermal pretreatment in a pressurized reactor; measuring xylan number or lignin number in the output stream of pretreated biomass from the pretreatment reactor; and controlling the pretreatment reactor so as to maintain, in the output stream of pretreated biomass, a pre-determined level of measured xylan number or lignin number. The method allows for continuously controlling the digestibility of a lignocellulosic biomass during the step of pretreatment, and accordingly provides a continuous estimate of the severity of the pretreatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to communications systems incorporating peripheral devices such as a push-to-talk (PTT) or similar and interface cables to connect these to a headset and/or a communication device such as a man worn two-way radio, vehicle intercom system, mobile phone, etc. In particular, the invention relates to such interface cable having an integrated functionality. The basic idea of the invention is to use an interface between a first and a second device in a voice communication system, which interface is specific to the second device and holds digital information allowing the first device to identify or adapt to the second device. This allows the first device to automatically adapt its settings and/or functionality to, and thus to function with, several different second devices without any need for updating, re-configuration, or user intervention.

Abstract: A range of concentrations exists in which fermentation inhibitors derived from pretreatment of lignocellulosic feed stocks inhibit growth of lactic acid bacteria without affecting fermentive yeast. By optimizing levels of fermentation inhibitors to fall within this range, yeast fermentations of lignocellulosic biomass can be conducted under non-sterile conditions with ethanol yields comparable to those achieved under sterile conditions. Optimised inhibitor levels can be achieved by controlling the water/biomass ratio of a lignocellulosic biomass during and after pretreatment, for example by washing the fiber fraction of a previously pretreated lignocellulosic biomass with a pre-defined amount of fresh water or recycled process solutions. Crude extracts of liquid fraction or process solutions from pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass can also provide an effective anti-baterial treatment for first generation starch fermentations.

Abstract: Use fresh water or water with sufficiently reduced salinity to trigger burst of bacterial cell wall due to osmotic pressure gradient. Combine the freshwater with conventional biocide treatment and pigging to increase the likelihood of killing the bacteria responsible for reservoir souring.

Abstract: Methods of processing lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars are provided which rely on hydrothermal pretreatment. Soft lignocellulosic biomass feedstock is pretreated in a single-stage pressurized hydrothermal pretreatment to very low severity. The pre-treated biomass is hydrolysed, typically as a whole slurry, using enzymatic hydrolysis catalysed by an enzyme mixture comprising endoglucanase, exoglucanase, ?-glucosidase, endoxylanase, and ?-xylosidase activities at activity levels in nkat/g glucan of endoglucanase of at least 1100, exoglucanase of at least 280, ?-glucosidase of at least 3000, endoxylanase of at least 1400, and ?-xylosidase of at least 75, so as to produce a hydrolysate in which the yield of C5 monomers is at least 55% of the original xylose and arabinose content of the feedstock prior to pretreatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to communications systems incorporating peripheral devices such as a push-to-talk (PTT) or similar and interface cables to connect these to a headset and/or a communication device such as a man worn two-way radio, vehicle intercom system, mobile phone, etc. In particular, the invention relates to such interface cable having an integrated functionality. The basic idea of the invention is to use an interface between a first and a second device in a voice communication system, which interface is specific to the second device and holds digital information allowing the first device to identify or adapt to the second device. This allows the first device to automatically adapt its settings and/or functionality to, and thus to function with, several different second devices without any need for updating, re-configuration, or user intervention.

Abstract: A range of concentrations exists in which fermentation inhibitors derived from pretreatment of lignocellulosic feed stocks inhibit growth of lactic acid bacteria without affecting fermentive yeast. By optimizing levels of fermentation inhibitors to fall within this range, yeast fermentations of lignocellulosic biomass can be conducted under non-sterile conditions with ethanol yields comparable to those achieved under sterile conditions. Optimised inhibitor levels can be achieved by controlling the water/biomass ratio of a lignocellulosic biomass during and after pretreatment, for example by washing the fiber fraction of a previously pretreated lignocellulosic biomass with a pre-defined amount of fresh water or recycled process solutions. Crude extracts of liquid fraction or process solutions from pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass can also provide an effective anti-baterial treatment for first generation starch fermentations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to communications systems incorporating peripheral devices such as a push-to-talk (PTT) or similar and interface cables to connect these to a headset and/or a communication device such as a man worn two-way radio, vehicle intercom system, mobile phone, etc. In particular, the invention relates to such interface cable having an integrated functionality. The basic idea of the invention is to use an interface between a first and a second device in a voice communication system, which interface is specific to the second device and holds digital information allowing the first device to identify or adapt to the second device. This allows the first device to automatically adapt its settings and/or functionality to, and thus to function with, several different second devices without any need for updating, re-configuration, or user intervention.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a user command at an input of a product having a display, creating an image encoding information identifying remotely stored information corresponding to the product, and displaying the image on the display in a manner suitable for scanning by an independent device to extract the encoded information and obtain the remotely stored information from a remote server.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are provided for a wireless Infrared (IR) converter to operate a legacy device by translating wireless commands into IR codes for transmission to an IR receiver within the legacy device. The wireless IR converter comprises a wireless control chip which receives commands from external wireless devices, and an IR output configured to convey IR codes to the IR receiver of the legacy device. Upon receiving commands from the wireless control chip, a microcontroller within the apparatus accesses a macro command library and an IR command library stored on a non-transitory machine-readable medium within the wireless IR converter. The macro command library and the IR command library enable the microcontroller to select IR codes corresponding to the received wireless commands. Once proper IR codes are selected, the IR output transmits the IR codes to the legacy device.

Abstract: The invention relates, in general, to methods of processing lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars and to methods that rely on hydrothermal pretreatment. Xylose monomer yields comparable to those achieved using two-stage pretreatments can be achieved from soft lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks by pretreating to very low severity in a single-stage pressurized hydrothermal pretreatment, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis to release xylose retained in the solid state. In some embodiments, pretreated biomass is separated into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, the solid fraction subject to enzymatic hydrolysis, and the separated liquid fraction subsequently mixed with the hydrolysed solid fraction.