Abstract: There is disclosed a manipulation and storage tool for receiving and manipulating a partially dehydrated intervertebral disk. Manipulation and storage tool is configured to receive the disk and manipulate it into a smaller overall size and subsequently insert it into a temporary storage or sleeve device for later use. Manipulation and storage tool generally includes a manipulation assembly which is movably mounted with respect to a guide assembly. The guide assembly includes a throughbore and a slot for receiving the disk into the throughbore as well as a sleeve holder mounted at a distal end designed to retain a storage device or sleeve into which the manipulated disk is inserted. The manipulation assembly generally includes a drive member having an elongated shaft movably mounted within the bore of the guide assembly and at least one manipulation member for pin positioned adjacent the slot to manipulate the implant in response to movement of the drive member relative to the guide assembly.

Abstract: An improved method of making a PAN copolymer is provided which includes providing a first reaction mixture including polyacrylonitrile dissolved in an aqueous solution containing a thiocyanate salt; providing a second reaction mixture including a metal catalyst dissolved in an aqueous reactive solvent; mixing the first and second reaction mixtures in a container to form a master reaction mixture; heating the master reaction mixture via a heating element to maintain a predetermined reaction temperature range for a time sufficient for completion of a predetermined level of hydrolysis of polyacrylonitrile, wherein the reaction temperature (Tr) is represented by the formula Tr=Ta+Te wherein Ta is the temperature resulting from the amount of added heat and Te is the temperature increase from the heat generated by the exothermic reaction.

Abstract: Novel amphoteric acrylic and methacrylic copolymers are described comprising cationic units of pendant N-substituted amidine and anionic units of acrylic or methacrylic acid and/or acidic groups carried by substituents of N-acrylamide, N-methacrylamide, N-acrylamidine or N-methacrylamidine. One preferred embodiment is a copolymer in which at least some types of functional groups are organized in blocks. Particularly preferred are blocks of pendant nitrile groups. Preferred compositions have the said N-substituents of the amides and/or amidines containing polar groups other than primary amines. Particularly preferred polar groups are tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium salts, hydroxyls and sulfonic acid. These copolymers may optionally be convalently or physically crosslinked and swellable rather than soluble in water.

Abstract: Stable emulsions and dispersions of both the water-in-oil and oil-in-water types are prepared by subjecting mixtures of the two phases to shear stress in the presence of nitrile group-containing copolymers capable of forming hydrogels containing at least 90% by weight of water at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention contact lens is a soft, disposable lens which, under eye wearer conditions, changes one or more characteristics essential for comfortable use, at a predetermined time to initiate disposal thereof by the user. This lens, under wear conditions, changes, for example, at least its base curve redius and its deformability as a consequence of a change in hydrophilicity of at least a portion of the contact lens material. This hydrophilicity change may be achieved by various means, e.g. degradation of crosslinking bridges or conversion of less hydrophilic groups to groups having greater hydrophilicity. In one preferred embodiment, the conversion is achieved by hydrolysis of selected functional (hydrophobic) groups into hydrophilic groups.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing polyacrylonitrile copolymers by Heterogeneous reaction of polyacrylonitrile aquagel. Generally, the method includes the steps of preparing a solution of polyacrylonitrile by dissolving the polyacrylonitrile in a water-miscible solvent which is capable of dissolving the polyacrylonitrile but incapable of hydrolyzing the nitrile groups of the polyacrylonitrile under the dissolution conditions. Coagulating the polyacrylonitrile solution by replacing the solvent with a coagulating fluid such as water or a water-miscible fluid incapable of dissolving polyacrylonitrile at temperatures below 80.degree. C. and incapable of reacting with the nitrile groups of the polyacrylonitrile, thus obtaining the polymer in the aquagel state. Replacing the coagulating fluid with a fluid reagent capable of reacting with the nitrile groups of the polyacrylonitrile aquagel but incapable of dissolving the polyacrylonitrile aquagel at the selected reaction temperature.