Abstract: A non-linear cooling cryopreservation method for improving cryopreservation protocols for cells that involves producing a simulation of cellular responses to a range of cooling parameters; determining optimal cooling parameters required to minimize cryoinjury to the cells using simulation of cellular responses and experimental results; and incorporating optimal parameters into the protocol. The simulation is based on mathematical models of cellular parameters. A non-linear cooling cryopreservation protocol for cryopreserving stem cells is also disclosed that does not require cryoprotectants.

Abstract: An improved water powered dishwasher uniquely adapted to be operated by a domestic water supply line of either high, low or medium pressure including a housing, a rack rotatably mounted within the housing, the rack being adapted to support articles to be washed and a water jet subassembly for directing jets of water in the direction of the rack to impart rotational movement thereto. The jet subassembly comprises a collimated jet for emitting a collimated stream of water in the direction of the lower periphery of the rack for initiating and assisting in sustaining the rotation thereof and a second spray jet for washing the articles and for urging forward rotation of the rack. The second spray jet includes a generally vertically extending spray conduit disposed proximate the periphery of the rack. This spray conduit can be controllably rotated about its vertical axis to precisely control the speed of rotation of the rack.