Abstract: An aqueous system containing scale forming salts including both calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate and characterized by high pH and high calcite concentrations which further contains a synergistic effective amount of a combination comprising (A) a polyether polyamino methylene phosphonate, (B) a terpolymer comprising the monomers of acrylic acid, sulfophenomethallyl ether and maleic acid, and (C) a hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, is disclosed. A method for inhibiting the formation, deposition and adherence of such scale forming salts in the aqueous system employing the synergistic combination is also provided.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting the formation, deposition and adherence of scale forming salts including calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate in an aqueous system having a pH of at least 8.5 and a calcite saturation level of at least 100 times the solubility limit of calcium as calcite, including adding to the aqueous system a synergistic effective amount of a combination comprising (A) a polyether polyamino methylene phosphonate, (B) a terpolymer comprising the monomers of acrylic acid, sulfophenoxymethallyl ether and maleic acid, (C) a hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, and (D) a phosphonocarboxylic acid copolymer.

Abstract: An aqueous system containing scale forming salts including both calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate and characterized by high pH and high calcite concentrations which further contains a synergistic effective amount of a combination comprising (A) a polyether polyamino methylene phosphonate, and (B) a terpolymer comprising the monomers of acrylic acid, sulfophenomethallyl ether and maleic acid, is disclosed. A method for inhibiting the formation, deposition and adherence of such scale forming salts in the aqueous system employing the synergistic combination is also provided.

Abstract: An aqueous system containing scale forming salts including both calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate and characterized by high pH and high calcite concentrations which further contains a synergistic effective amount of a combination comprising (A) a polyether polyamino methylene phosphonate, (B) a terpolymer comprising the monomers of acrylic acid, sulfophenomethallyl ether and maleic acid, and (C) a hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid, is disclosed. A method for inhibiting the formation, deposition and adherence of such scale forming salts in the aqueous system employing the synergistic combination is also provided.

Abstract: An aqueous system containing scale forming salts including both calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate and characterized by high pH and high calcite concentrations which further contains a synergistic effective amount of a combination comprising (A) a polyether polyamino methylene phosphonate, and (B) a terpolymer comprising the monomers of acrylic acid, sulfophenomethallyl ether and maleic acid, is disclosed. A method for inhibiting the formation, deposition and adherence of such scale forming salts in the aqueous system employing the synergistic combination is also provided.

Abstract: An anionic/cationic polymer mixture comprising:(a) a polyanion selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and polymaleic anhydride, each optionally copolymerized with each other, or optionally copolymerized with acrylamide up to a molar unit ratio of 1:1, provided that the total polyanionic weight average molecular weight is from about 1 to 5 thousand, and(b) the polycation poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) having a weight average molecular weight of from about 25 thousand to 1 million,wherein the weight ratio of polyanion (a) to polycation (b) is from 1:2 to 1:8, has been found to give excellent inhibition of the formation, deposition and adherence of various alkali metal and alkaline earth metal scales, e.g., sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate scales in the stringent conditions which characterize black liquor heaters, evaporators, etc.

Abstract: Polyether polyamino methylene phosphonates, when added to various industrial water systems in concentrations between 0.1 mg/L and 50 mg/L, control silica/silicate deposition. In particular, this stabilization can be achieved under severe conditions which include elevated pH, high dissolved solids content, and high saturation levels of calcium carbonate.

Abstract: Polyether polyamino methylene phosphonates, when added to various industrial water systems in concentrations between 0.1 mg/L and 50 mg/L, stabilize soluble zinc, manganese and iron ions and their reaction products, in desirable forms and reduced particle sizes. In particular, this stabilization can be achieved under severe conditions which include elevated pH, high dissolved solids content, and high saturation levels of calcium carbonate.

Abstract: An anionic/cationic polymer mixture comprising:(a) a polyanion selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and polymaleic anhydride, each optionally copolymerized with each other, or optionally copolymerized with acrylamide up to a molar unit ratio of 1:1, provided that the total polyanionic weight average molecular weight is from about 1 to 5 thousand, and(b) the polycation poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) having a weight average molecular weight of from about 25 thousand to 1 million,wherein the weight ratio of polyanion (a) to polycation (b) is from 1:2 to 1:8, has been found to give excellent inhibition of the formation, deposition and adherence of various alkali metal and alkaline earth metal scales, e.g., sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, and calcium carbonate scales in the stringent conditions which characterize black liquor heaters, evaporators, etc.

Abstract: A method for controlling the formation of silica/silicate deposits in aqueous systems by adding an effective amount, preferably at least 0.1 ppm, of 2-phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid-1,2,4 and, optionally, an anionic polymer, preferably a carboxylic/sulfonic polymer, or salts thereof to the aqueous system being treated. Borate or molybdate ion sources may also be added.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of traditional scale inhibitors as fertilizers enhancers. More particularly, this invention relates to compositions which comprise: (a) a phosphate fertilizer and (b) a scale inhibiting compound. Further, this invention relates to a method of stimulating and increasing plant growth, and corresponding yields, comprising adding the above-defined compositions to the soil in which the plants being treated grow.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for controlling the formation of silica/silicate deposits in aqueous systems by adding an effective amount, preferably at least 0.1 ppm, of a designated phosphonate and, optionally, a carboxylic/sulfonic polymer or salt thereof to the aqueous system being treated. Borate or molybdate ion sources may also be added.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for controlling the formation of silica/silicate deposits in aqueous systems by adding an effective amount, preferably at least 0.1 ppm, of an imine polymer, a phosphonate and, optionally, a source of molybdate or borate ions to the aqueous system being treated.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to compositions and a method of improving the flowability of agro-chemical slurries and suspensions, comprising adding to the suspension or slurry being treated an effective amount of: (a) a water soluble polymer; and, optionally, (b) a surfactant, wherein the polyelectrolyte/surfactant weight ratio ranges from 10:1 to 1:10.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition and method for inhibiting the corrosion of copper and copper alloy metals in aqueous systems. The composition comprises mercaptobenzothiazole and added ferrous ions in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:10, by weight. The method comprises adding this composition to the aqueous system being treated.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition useful for inhibiting the corrosion of copper and copper alloy metals in an aqueous system comprising mercaptothiazoline and ferrous ions.The present invention is also directed to a method of inhibiting the corrosion of copper and copper alloy metals in an aqueous system comprising maintaining in the aqueous system at least about 1 ppm (parts per million) of mercaptothiazoline, preferably in combination with ferrous ions.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a method of settling fine calcium carbonate solids from a suspension comprising water and calcium carbonate, comprising adding to said suspension an effective amount of an admixture comprising: (a) an anionic polyelectrolyte; and (b) an anionic surfactant, wherein said polyelectrolyte/surfactant ratio ranges from 10:1 to 1:5, by weight.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting the formation of scale upon metallic heat exchanger surfaces exposed to water solution containing a supersaturated concentration of at least one alkaline earth metal salt at the surface temperature of the heat exchanger. The method comprises using, as the exchanger surface, a corrosion resistant metal surface coated with a film of methylene siliconedichloride.