Abstract: The inventor's purpose is to suppress the flash from the burning embers of the cigarette and to give the cigarette protection from the weather. This invention goes beyond the limits of a cigarette holder by providing a shield from the light caused by the burning embers of the cigarette.

Abstract: A dynamic random access memory 400 includes an array 401 of physical rows and columns of memory cells, the cells of each row coupled to first and second wordlines 603 and first and second bitlines 602. A direct input/output data path 402 having a width equal to a width of the rows supports simultaneous writing to each of the cells along a selected row using the first wordlines and first bitlines during a single access cycle without restore.

Abstract: A method using a generate-and-verify computer program product to generate by repetitive passes a design rules checking computer program, wherein the design rules are described in a file called a runset. The design rules checking program is used for exhaustive testing of VLSI chips for compliance to the design rules of a given VLSI fabrication process. The runset is repeatedly iterated in loop fashion with respect to a testcase file containing groups of layout structures or shapes used for verifying the correctness of the runset. A general purpose shapes processing program creates an error shapes file for storing geometrical errors found in each said layout structure. Two additional shapes are used in the verification process: user boundary shapes for defining areas in which errors are not to be detected for a given design rule, and automated boundary shapes created to surround each said layout structure with a boundary that defines regions where error shapes can occur.