Abstract: A single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on respective sensor glucose values of a plurality of redundant working electrodes (WEs) of a glucose sensor. Respective electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) procedures may be performed for each of the WEs to obtain values of membrane resistance (Rmem) for each WE. A noise value and a calibration factor (CF) value may be calculated for each WE, and respective fusion weights may be calculated for Rmem, noise, and CF for each WE. An overall fusion weight may then be calculated based on the WE's Rmem fusion weight, noise fusion weight, and CF fusion weight, such that a single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on the respective overall fusion weight and sensor glucose value of each of the plurality of redundant working electrodes.

Abstract: A single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on respective sensor glucose values of a plurality of redundant working electrodes (WEs) of a glucose sensor. Respective electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) procedures may be performed for each of the WEs to obtain values of membrane resistance (Rmem) for each WE. A noise value and a calibration factor (CF) value may be calculated for each WE, and respective fusion weights may be calculated for Rmem, noise, and CF for each WE. An overall fusion weight may then be calculated based on the WE's Rmem fusion weight, noise fusion weight, and CF fusion weight, such that a single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on the respective overall fusion weight and sensor glucose value of each of the plurality of redundant working electrodes.

Abstract: A single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on respective sensor glucose values of a plurality of redundant working electrodes (WEs) of a glucose sensor. Respective electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) procedures may be performed for each of the WEs to obtain values of membrane resistance (Rmem) for each WE. A noise value and a calibration factor (CF) value may be calculated for each WE, and respective fusion weights may be calculated for Rmem, noise, and CF for each WE. An overall fusion weight may then be calculated based on the WE's Rmem fusion weight, noise fusion weight, and CF fusion weight, such that a single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on the respective overall fusion weight and sensor glucose value of each of the plurality of redundant working electrodes.

Abstract: A single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on respective sensor glucose values of a plurality of redundant working electrodes (WEs) of a glucose sensor. Respective electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) procedures may be performed for each of the WEs to obtain values of membrane resistance (Rmem) for each WE. A noise value and a calibration factor (CF) value may be calculated for each WE, and respective fusion weights may be calculated for Rmem, noise, and CF for each WE. An overall fusion weight may then be calculated based on the WE's Rmem fusion weight, noise fusion weight, and CF fusion weight, such that a single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on the respective overall fusion weight and sensor glucose value of each of the plurality of redundant working electrodes.

Abstract: An unscented Kalman filter is used to enable sensor calibration independently of the actual design of the subject sensors. By utilizing an unscented Kalman filter, an underlying calibration methodology is developed that is sensor-unspecific, such that a single calibration methodology and related systems may be used to calibrate various sensors, without the need to re-calculate a calibration factor for each specific sensor, and without the need to design a separate filtering mechanism to compensate for noise. In this way, various calibration inputs can be allowed to change over time without the need to change the codebase on which the calibration methodology otherwise operates. In multi-electrode systems, the methodology may incorporate a fusion algorithm to provide a single, fused sensor glucose value. The fusion algorithm may incorporate, and/or work in conjunction with, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) procedures.

Abstract: A single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on respective sensor glucose values of a plurality of redundant working electrodes (WEs) of a glucose sensor. Respective electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) procedures may be performed for each of the WEs to obtain values of membrane resistance (Rmem) for each WE. A noise value and a calibration factor (CF) value may be calculated for each WE, and respective fusion weights may be calculated for Rmem, noise, and CF for each WE. An overall fusion weight may then be calculated based on the WE's Rmem fusion weight, noise fusion weight, and CF fusion weight, such that a single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on the respective overall fusion weight and sensor glucose value of each of the plurality of redundant working electrodes.

Abstract: An ultrasonic beamformer may include an input signal line for each ultrasonic transducer element configured to carry a broadband pulse from the ultrasonic element. The ultrasonic beamformer may include a number of signal shifters that is substantially less than the number of transducer elements. Each signal shifter may be configured to shift a broadband pulse in a way that is different from the way the other signal shifters are configured to shift a broadband pulse. For each of the input signal lines, a multiplexer may be configured to electrically connect the broadband pulse received on the input signal line to a selected one of the signal shifters. A multiplexer controller may be configured to generate the control signal for each of the multiplexers in a fashion that causes the ultrasonic beamformer to substantially compensate for the differences in the distances. A comparable configuration may be used for transmission.

Abstract: An ultrasonic beamformer may include an input signal line for each ultrasonic transducer element configured to carry a broadband pulse from the ultrasonic element. The ultrasonic beamformer may include a number of signal shifters that is substantially less than the number of transducer elements. Each signal shifter may be configured to shift a broadband pulse in a way that is different from the way the other signal shifters are configured to shift a broadband pulse. For each of the input signal lines, a multiplexer may be configured to electrically connect the broadband pulse received on the input signal line to a selected one of the signal shifters. A multiplexer controller may be configured to generate the control signal for each of the multiplexers in a fashion that causes the ultrasonic beamformer to substantially compensate for the differences in the distances. A comparable configuration may be used for transmission.