Abstract: A system, apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for reducing and/or optimizing signaling messages between a radio access network (RAN) node and a core network based on an operation mode of the RAN node may include a core network server including: a memory storing computer readable instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the computer readable instructions to establish a control plane connection with at least one radio access network (RAN) node, the at least one RAN node supporting at least a first connection mode and a second connection mode, determine a connection mode of the at least one RAN node, and restrict transmission of at least one signaling message to the at least one RAN node based on results of the determining the connection mode of the at least one RAN node.

Abstract: The field of the invention is that of electronic or electro-optical multiplexers for the transmission of digital data at high speed. The device according to the invention makes it possible to multiplex two NRZ-type, binary-coded signals. It mainly comprises: • A generator of four primary signals; • Means of electronically selecting said primary signals controlled by the two initial signals for generating the final multiplexed signal. The selection means are complemented with a logic block for generating four logic signals, all different, dependent on the two initial signals. The main advantage of this device is to allow for the use of so-called ETDM technologies for the transmission of high-speed multiplexed signals inasmuch as the necessary logic circuits operate mainly at a frequency half that of the multiplexed signal. These electronic transmission technologies are less expensive than the so-called OTDM optical technologies.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a method of treating a subject afflicted with a form of multiple sclerosis comprising periodically administering to the subject an amount of glatiramer acetate and an amount of N-acetylcysteine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the amounts when taken together are effective to alleviate a symptom of the form of multiple sclerosis in the subject so as to thereby treat the subject. Additionally, the subject invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amount of glatiramer acetate and an amount of N-acetylcysteine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the amounts when taken together are effective to alleviate a symptom of a form of multiple sclerosis in a subject. The subject invention also provides a package comprising glatiramer acetate, N-acetylcysteine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and instructions for use of the together to alleviate a symptom of a form of multiple sclerosis in a subject.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a method of treating a subject afflicted with a form of multiple sclerosis comprising periodically administering to the subject an amount of glatiramer acetate and an amount of minocycline, wherein the amounts when taken together are effective to alleviate a symptom of the form of multiple sclerosis in the subject so as to thereby treat the subject. Additionally, the subject invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amount of glatiramer acetate and an amount of minocycline, wherein the amounts when taken together are effective to alleviate a symptom of a form of multiple sclerosis in a subject. The subject invention also provides a package comprising glatiramer acetate, minocycline and instructions for use of the together to alleviate a symptom of a form of multiple sclerosis in a subject.

Abstract: The field of the invention is that of electronic or electro-optical multiplexers for the transmission of digital data at high speed. The device according to the invention makes it possible to multiplex two NRZ-type, binary-coded signals. It mainly comprises: A generator of four primary signals; Means of electronically selecting said primary signals controlled by the two initial signals for generating the final multiplexed signal. The selection means are complemented with a logic block for generating four logic signals, all different, dependent on the two initial signals. The main advantage of this device is to allow for the use of so-called ETDM technologies for the transmission of high-speed multiplexed signals inasmuch as the necessary logic circuits operate mainly at a frequency half that of the multiplexed signal. These electronic transmission technologies are less expensive than the so-called OTDM optical technologies.

Abstract: A device for converting a signal (VRZ) transmitted over a communications channel into a digital signal. The transmitted signal corresponds to encoded digital data with n states, n being at least equal to two. The converter comprises means for asynchronously comparing (21) at least one parameter of the transmitted signal to at least one threshold parameter (V0), an n-state machine (22) for forming at least one signal with at least two states (Va) from at least one compared signal (Vcmp) at the output of the asynchronous comparison means, and means (23, 24, 25) for synchronously detecting changes of state for generating the digital signal from said at least one signal with at least two states and from a recovered clock signal (VCLK).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a differential coder (10) for electrical signals comprising control means (21, 22) and a bistable T adapted to deliver an output binary data signal (S, S*). The bistable T comprises a master bistable (11) followed by a slave bistable (12), each bistable having a main control input (E1, E2). The differential coder is integrated and said control means comprise a first circuit (21) dedicated to the master bistable and adapted to supply said master control signal (A) injected into the main control input of the master bistable and a second circuit (22) dedicated to the slave bistable, controlled by said clock signal (CK) and adapted to supply a slave control signal (CK2) that is representative of a signal that is complementary to the clock signal and is injected into the main control input of the slave bistable.

Abstract: To make a decision circuit for RZ format optical signals at a very high data rate, the device (1?) comprises an electronic component (2) having a tunnel diode characteristic presenting a peak current (IP) and a valley current (IV). The device (1?) comprises a control current source (9) controlled by a control signal (VRESET) said current being injected into the component (2) and taking a first value or a second value. In response to an input optical signal (E), generator means (2) generate a current (IRZ) into the component (2). The valley current (IV) is of a value greater than the first current value and the peak current (IP) is of a value lying between a second current value (IR) and the sum of said second value plus the value (IRZ) of the current generated the generator means (2).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a differential coder (10) for electrical signals comprising control means (21, 22) and a bistable T adapted to deliver an output binary data signal (S, S*). The bistable T comprises a master bistable (11) followed by a slave bistable (12), each bistable having a main control input (E1, E2). The differential coder is integrated and said control means comprise a first circuit (21) dedicated to the master bistable and adapted to supply said master control signal (A) injected into the main control input of the master bistable and a second circuit (22) dedicated to the slave bistable, controlled by said clock signal (CK) and adapted to supply a slave control signal (CK2) that is representative of a signal that is complementary to the clock signal and is injected into the main control input of the slave bistable.

Abstract: To make a decision circuit for RZ format optical signals at a very high data rate, the device (1′) comprises an electronic component (2) having a tunnel diode characteristic presenting a peak current (IP) and a valley current (IV). The device (1′) comprises a control current source (9) controlled by a control signal (VRESET) said current being injected into the component (2) and taking a first value or a second value. In response to an input optical signal (E), generator means (2) generate a current (IRZ) into the component (2). The valley current (IV) is of a value greater than the first current value and the peak current (IP) is of a value lying between a second current value (IR) and the sum of said second value plus the value (IRZ) of the current generated the generator means (2).

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter comprising a plurality of conversion stages, each of said stages containing a charge transfer device constituted by a storage electrode mounted at the input, by a storage electrode mounted at the output and by intermediate auxiliary electrodes, the area of the output electrode being K times smaller than that of the input electrode, said converter being characterized in that it contains a means for multiplying charges in the ratio K/1, said means being inserted between the output electrode of each stage and the input electrode of the following stage, and in that all the stages are identical.