Abstract: Packaging/storage shaped articles, for example, opaque bottles suited for storing and shielding such products as milk away from the adverse effects of visible and UV radiation, are manufactured by first providing/formulating precursor compositions which include a polyester or polylactone thermoplastic matrix having at least one mineral filler distributed therethrough, the mineral filler containing a titanium oxide and/or zinc sulfide and also having from 2% to 40% by weight of the composition, and thence converting the composition into such packaging/storage shaped article, notably by injection-blow molding.

Abstract: The invention concerns the field of manufacture of PET containers designed in particular for packaging food products, particularly bottles for aerated beverages such as in particular natural and mineral water. The method for manufacturing PET resin preforms and the resulting preforms, a method for making PET resin containers from the preforms and the manufactured containers, in particular food bottles made of PET resin. The method for making PET resin preforms is characterised in that it consists in using a PET resin having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) less than 0.65 dl/g.

Abstract: Packaging/storage shaped articles, for example, opaque bottles suited for storing and shielding such products as milk away from the adverse effects of visible and UV radiation, are manufactured by first providing/formulating precursor compositions which comprise a polyester or polylactone thermoplastic matrix having at least one mineral filler distributed therethrough, the mineral filler containing a titanium oxide and/or zinc sulfide and also comprising from 2% to 40% by weight of the composition, and thence converting the composition into such packaging/storage shaped article, notably by injection-blow molding.

Abstract: The invention concerns polyester resins, more particularly polyethyleneterephthalate resins used for making hollow containers, such as bottles for packaging liquid substances, in particular aerated beverages, natural or mineral waters. The invention concerns a polyester comprising at least 92.5% in number of recurrent units derived from terephthalic acid of aliphatic diols having an intrinsic viscosity ranging between 0.45 dl/g and 0.70 dl/g, and an acetaldehyde content less than 3 ppm, preferably less than 1.5 ppm. The invention also concerns a method for obtaining polyester granules with low acetaldehyde content having an intrinsic viscosity in the range mentioned above. Said polyesters are used in particular for making hollow containers such as bottles and more particularly bottles designed to contain foodstuffs sensitive to acetaldehyde.

Abstract: The present invention refers to polyester-based compositions having improved thermomechanical properties, comprising finely divided mineral particles. These compositions are particularly useful for manufacturing bottles. The present invention further refers to a process for producing said compositions. The compositions comprise a polyester-based matrix and nanometric-sized particles.

Abstract: The invention concerns polyester resins, more particularly polyethyleneterephthalate resins used for making hollow containers, such as bottles for packaging liquid substances, in particular aerated beverages, natural or mineral waters. The invention concerns a polyester comprising at least 92.5% in number of recurrent units derived from terephthalic acid of aliphatic diols having an intrinsic viscosity ranging between 0.45 dl/g and 0.70 dl/g, and an acetaldehyde content less than 3 ppm, preferably less than 1.5 ppm. The invention also concerns a method for obtaining polyester granules with low acetaldehyde content having an intrinsic viscosity in the range mentioned above. Said polyesters are used in particular for making hollow containers such as bottles and more particularly bottles designed to contain foodstuffs sensitive to acetaldehyde.

Abstract: The present invention refers to the production of a polyester-type polymer and more particularly to the solid phase condensation of a polyester. The invention presents a process for manufacturing polyester which comprises at least the following steps: a) esterifying of transesterifying a carboxylic diacid or a carboxylic acid diester with a diol, b) prepolymerizing the esterification or transesterification product in liquid phase until an average degree of polymerization between 10 and 50, preferably between 20 and 45, c) preparing a dispersion of the prepolymer in a non-solvent of diol and non-swelling of the prepolymer liquid, the prepolymer being present in the dispersion in the form of solid particles having diameters under 2 mm and crystallized, with a crystalline lamella thickness under 17 nm, d) polymerizing in dispersed solid phase, e) recovering solid particles. The accomplishment of a dispersed solid phase polymerization permits improving the reaction kinetics.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polycondensates of amino acids or of the polypeptide hydrolysates thereof, by bulk thermal polycondensation of amino acids in pulverulent medium, in the presence of phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide or polyphosphoric acid (catalyst) which is uniformly distributed in the said pulverulent medium, optionally followed by hydrolysis. The said pulverulent medium may be obtained by empasting the amino acid and the catalyst with water, removal of the water and grinding.Use of polyimide polycondensates or the polypeptide hydrolysates thereof in detergent compositions.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polycondensates of amino acids or of the polypeptide hydrolysates thereof, by bulk thermal polycondensation of amino acids in pulverulent medium, in the presence of phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentoxide or polyphosphoric acid (catalyst) which is uniformly distributed in the said pulverulent medium, optionally followed by hydrolysis. The said pulverulent medium may be obtained by empasting the amino acid and the catalyst with water, removal of the water and grinding.Use of polyimide polycondensates or the polypeptide hydrolysates thereof in detergent compositions.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polyimides or of their polypeptide hydrolysates which are at least 80% biodegradable, by thermal polycondensation of at least one amino acid, optionally followed by hydrolysis, the thermal polycondensation step being carried out in the presence of at least one "acid catalyst" chosen fromsulphuric, nitric, phosphorous, sulphurous, hydrofluoric, silicic and sulphonic acids, organic sulphonic acids containing less than 50 carbon atoms, amino acids bearing a non-carboxyl strong acid function, organic phosphonic acids, organic carboxylic acids having a pK.sub.

Abstract: Novel polyanhydroaspartic acids (containing not more than 3% of NH groups of the imide moieties thereof relative to the total amount of CH moieties of the succinimide moieties thereof) and the at least 90%.+-.5% biodegradable hydrolysates thereof (containing not more than 3% of primary amide groups relative to the secondary amide groups of the aspartic moieties thereof) are well suited as detergent (co)builders, the former being prepared by thermally polymerizing aspartic acid in the presence of an effective amount of at least one boron compound having at least one B-OH group, or precursor thereof, and the latter by hydrolyzing the polyanhydroaspartic acid thus obtained.

Abstract: Trichlorosilane, SiHCl.sub.3, is facilely prepared by (i) thermally reducing silicon tetrachloride, SiCl.sub.4, with hydrogen to produce reaction admixture comprising SiHCl.sub.3 and hydrochloric acid, said thermal reduction being carried out in a thermal plasma while tempering the reaction medium with a cooling gas, (ii) reacting said step (i) reaction admixture with elemental silicon at a temperature of from about 250.degree. to 350.degree. C. to produce SiHCl.sub.3 and hydrogen therefrom, and thence (iii) separating (iiia) the plasma-creating, hydrogen and cooling gases, and (iiib) product silicon chlorides therefrom.

Abstract: Hydrogenated silanes are facilely prepared by redistribution, by reacting (1) a silane having the formula H.sub.m SiX.sub.4-m in which X is halogen or an alkoxy group and m is an integer equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3, with (2) an alkyl or aryl hydrosilane having the formula R.sub.n H.sub.p SiX'.sub.4-(n+p) in which X' is halogen or an alkoxy group, R is an alkyl or aryl group and n and p, which may be identical or different, are integers equal to 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that n+p.ltoreq.4, in the presence of (3) a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst comprising (i) a quaternary ammonium salt having the formula R'.sub.4 NY or a quaternary phosphonium salt having the formula R'.sub.

Abstract: Hydrogenosilanes, notably the monosilanes, are conveniently prepared by reducing a halogenosilane with an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydride, typically in a solvent reaction medium, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a sequestering agent having the general formula: ##STR1##

Abstract: Silane, well adopted as a source of semiconductor/photovoltaic grade silicon, is facilely prepared from methyldichlorosilane and trichlorosilane and/or tetrachlorosilane by, (A) in a first step catalytically redistributing methyldichlorosilane with trichlorosilane or tetrachlorosilane, or admixture thereof, to form methyltrichlorosilane and dichlorosilane, and separating dichlorosilane from the resulting reaction medium, and (B) in a second step, catalytically disproportionating the dichlorosilane thus separated to form silane and trichlorosilane, and thence recovering silane thus formed and optionally recycling trichlorosilane to said step (A).

Abstract: Hydrogenosilanes are facilely prepared by redistribution, by reacting (1) a silane having the formula H.sub.m SiX.sub.4-m in which X is halogen or an alkoxy group and m is an integer equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3, with (2) an alkyl or aryl hydrogenosilane having the formula R.sub.n H.sub.p SiX'.sub.4-(n+p) in which X' is halogen or an alkoxy group, R is at least one alkyl or aryl group, which may be identical or different, and n and p, which may be identical or different, are integers equal to 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that n+p.ltoreq.4, in the presence of (3) a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst system which comprises (i) at least one ionic inorganic salt having the formula M.sup.+ A.sup.- and (ii) a compound which complexes the M.sup.+ cation of said salt (i) and at least partially solubilizes and dissociates same in the medium of reaction.

Abstract: Silane, SiH.sub.4, and diochlorosilane, particularly suitable for the preparation of silicon are readily obtained by disproportionating trichlorosilane to dichlorosilane and, ultimately silane by reacting:(a) a silane containing at least one Si-H bond, of the general formula R.sub.n H.sub.m SiX.sub.4-(n+m) wherein R represents an alkyl or aryl group, x represents a halogen or an alkoxy group, n is an integer equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3 and m is an integer equal to 1, 2 or 3, and(b) a catalyst system comprising an ionic inorganic salt of the formula M.sup.+ A.sup.- and a compound capable of at least partially dissociating the salt by complexing its cation M.sup.+.