Abstract: The invention relates to a device for preparing a beverage by injection of water through a capsule containing a substance to be dissolved and/or to be extracted. The device comprises at least one water-injection system for introducing water inside the capsule. The injection system can be switched in order for a selection to be made between at least two different modes of wetting the substance so as to adapt wetting in accordance with the type of capsule and/or with the nature of the substance contained in the capsule. The invention aims to propose a device suitable for the preparation of a wider range of beverages, foaming or non-foaming, from substances to be extracted and/or soluble substances.

Abstract: A capsule contains beverage ingredients such as ground coffee, tea or other ingredients and is configured for insertion in a beverage production device in order to have a liquid under pressure have enter the capsule and to interact with the ingredients in the capsule. The capsule comprises a base body and a foil member closing the base body by being attached to a flange-like rim extending from the side wall of the base body of the capsule. The base body of the capsule comprises a resilient sealing member, the sealing member being designed to be in sealing engagement with a bell member of the beverage production device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for preparing a beverage, comprising:—a water reservoir (1);—a chamber (5) that is connected to said reservoir for delivering water;—means (17) for filling said chamber with water;—means (16) for emptying water from the chamber;—a compressed gas reservoir (2) with a three-way valve (4) for displacing said means so as to empty the chamber; and—a conduit (14) for conveying the water from the chamber to an extraction head.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for preparing a beverage from a capsule containing the product to be extracted comprising a water injecting device (3) including an injection head (18) connected to a water supply conduit (9), and a hydraulic system for displacing the injection head towards a capsule-holder (4) positioned beneath the injection head, the hydraulic system being connected to a piston water conduit (11) interconnected via a locking control valve (12) to a pump (2), which also feeds the injection head.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for preparing a beverage from a capsule containing the product to be extracted comprising a water injecting device (3) including an injection head (18) connected to a water supply conduit (9), and a hydraulic system for displacing the injection head towards a capsule-holder (4) positioned beneath the injection head, the hydraulic system being connected to a piston water conduit (11) interconnected via a locking control valve (12) to a pump (2), which also feeds the injection head.

Abstract: A longitudinal stream of cooling air is caused to flow around the cylinder (10) and over the length of each of one or more heating-and-cooling zones. This longitudinal flow is facilitated by specially designed cooling fins (22; 25). The performance of the extruder is improved in that the temperature over the cross-section of the cylinder is more uniform. Moreover, wear and tear on the extrusion screw and on the cylinder are greatly reduced.

Abstract: A hard compact material such as rock is broken by directing a high velocity jet of relatively incompressible fluid, such as water, into a hole which is drilled in the material to be broken. The jet is generated by a nozzle in alignment with the hole and is suddenly arrested in the hole in appropriate position with respect to adjacent free surfaces of the material. A jet stagnation pressure is created in the hole of sufficient magnitude and duration or jet repetion rate to break the material towards the free surfaces. Preferably, a secondary nozzle emits fluid for filling partially or wholly the hole prior to generating the high velocity jet by a primary nozzle.

Abstract: A hard compact material, such as rock, is broken by delivering a hydraulic fluid, such as water, into at least one hole which has been pre-drilled in the material to be broken, the hole functioning as an hydraulic fluid cylinder. A piston is driven into the hole to impact the fluid to generate a high pressure in the fluid and to cause tensile stress cracks in the material by the established pressure. Due to the concentration of the stress at the bottom of the hole, the cracks are initiated and spread generally radially outwardly substantially normal to the principal stress direction. A plurality of said holes may be drilled and the cracks linked together by appropriate choice of form, depth, orientation, spacing and number of the holes. Preferably, the piston is driven into the hole by means of a gun at speeds ranging up to several hundred meters per second.