Abstract: Techniques are provided for processing a graph query by exploiting an in-memory graph index and minimizing the number of storage accesses needed to project properties of generated paths. A predefined number of paths from a graph query runtime is accumulated, using different data structures, before executing storage accesses necessary to retrieve all properties needed. A first data structure stores all paths from the graph query runtime that hit cache(s) entirely. A second data structure stores paths that do not hit caches at any level or only a subset of the levels does. Once any of these data structures are full, result rows are produced based on the two data structures prior to extracting more paths from the graph query runtime.

Abstract: Techniques are described herein for early pruning of potential graph query results. Specifically, based on determining that property values of a path through graph data cannot affect results of a query, the path is pruned from a set of potential query solutions prior to fully exploring the path. Early solution pruning is performed on prunable queries that project prunable functions including MIN, MAX, SUM, and DISTINCT, the results of which are not tied to a number of paths explored for query execution. A database system implements early solution pruning for a prunable query based on intermediate results maintained for the query during query execution. Specifically, when a system determines that property values of a given potential solution path cannot affect the query results reflected in intermediate results maintained for the query, the path is discarded from the set of possible query solutions without further exploration of the path.

Abstract: Herein are techniques that concurrently populate entries in a compressed sparse row (CSR) encoding, of a type of edge of a heterogenous graph. In an embodiment, a computer obtains a mapping of a relational schema to a graph data model. The relational schema defines vertex tables that correspond to vertex types in the graph data model, and edge tables that correspond to edge types in the graph data model. Each edge type is associated with a source vertex type and a target vertex type. For each vertex type, a sequence of persistent identifiers of vertices is obtained. Based on the mapping and for a CSR representation of each edge type, a source array is populated that, for a same vertex ordering as the sequence of persistent identifiers for the source vertex type, is based on counts of edges of the edge type that originate from vertices of the source vertex type.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a computer obtains a mapping of a relational schema of a database to a graph data model. The relational schema identifies vertex table(s) that correspond to vertex type(s) in the graph data model and edge table(s) that correspond to edge type(s) in the graph data model. Each edge type is associated with a source vertex type and a target vertex type. Based on that mapping, a forward compressed sparse row (CSR) representation is populated for forward traversal of edges of a same edge type. Each edge originates at a source vertex and terminates at a target vertex. Based on the forward CSR representation, a reverse CSR representation of the edge type is populated for reverse traversal of the edges of the edge type. Acceleration occurs in two ways. Values calculated for the forward CSR are reused for the reverse CSR. Elastic and inelastic scaling may occur.

Abstract: Herein are techniques that concurrently populate entries in a compressed sparse row (CSR) encoding, of a type of edge of a heterogenous graph. In an embodiment, a computer obtains a mapping of a relational schema to a graph data model. The relational schema defines vertex tables that correspond to vertex types in the graph data model, and edge tables that correspond to edge types in the graph data model. Each edge type is associated with a source vertex type and a target vertex type. For each vertex type, a sequence of persistent identifiers of vertices is obtained. Based on the mapping and for a CSR representation of each edge type, a source array is populated that, for a same vertex ordering as the sequence of persistent identifiers for the source vertex type, is based on counts of edges of the edge type that originate from vertices of the source vertex type.

Abstract: Techniques are described for enabling in-memory execution of any-sized graph data query by utilizing both depth first search (DFS) principles and breadth first search (BFS) principles to control the amount of memory used during query execution. Specifically, threads implementing a graph DBMS switch between a BFS mode of data traversal and a DFS mode of data traversal. For example, when a thread detects that there are less than a configurable threshold number of intermediate results in memory, the thread enters BFS-based traversal techniques to increase the number of intermediate results in memory. When the thread detects that there are at least the configurable threshold number of intermediate results in memory, the thread enters DFS mode to produce final results, which generally works to move the intermediate results that are currently available in memory to final query results, thereby reducing the number of intermediate results in memory.

Abstract: Techniques are described herein for space-efficient encoding of label information of property graphs. In an embodiment, an input graph is received. The input graph comprises a plurality of entities and a plurality of label sets. Each entity of said plurality of entities is associated with a label set of the plurality of label sets and each label set of the plurality of label sets comprises zero or more labels of a plurality of labels. A first mapping is generated that maps each label of the plurality of labels to a label code. A second mapping is generated that maps each label integer set of a plurality of label integer sets to a label code. Each label integer set of the plurality of label integer sets corresponds to a label set of the plurality of label sets, wherein each label integer set of the plurality of label integer sets comprises label codes from the first mapping that are mapped to each label included in the corresponding label set.

Abstract: Herein are techniques that concurrently populate entries in a compressed sparse row (CSR) encoding, of a type of edge of a heterogenous graph. In an embodiment, a computer obtains a mapping of a relational schema to a graph data model. The relational schema defines vertex tables that correspond to vertex types in the graph data model, and edge tables that correspond to edge types in the graph data model. Each edge type is associated with a source vertex type and a target vertex type. For each vertex type, a sequence of persistent identifiers of vertices is obtained. Based on the mapping and for a CSR representation of each edge type, a source array is populated that, for a same vertex ordering as the sequence of persistent identifiers for the source vertex type, is based on counts of edges of the edge type that originate from vertices of the source vertex type.

Abstract: Techniques are described herein for early pruning of potential graph query results. Specifically, based on determining that property values of a path through graph data cannot affect results of a query, the path is pruned from a set of potential query solutions prior to fully exploring the path. Early solution pruning is performed on prunable queries that project prunable functions including MIN, MAX, SUM, and DISTINCT, the results of which are not tied to a number of paths explored for query execution. A database system implements early solution pruning for a prunable query based on intermediate results maintained for the query during query execution. Specifically, when a system determines that property values of a given potential solution path cannot affect the query results reflected in intermediate results maintained for the query, the path is discarded from the set of possible query solutions without further exploration of the path.

Abstract: An in-memory graph query runtime is integrated inside a database management system and is capable of performing simple patter-matching queries against homogeneous graphs. The runtime efficiently combines breadth-first (BFS) and depth-first (DFS) neighbor traversal algorithms to achieve a hybrid runtime that takes the best from both sides. As a result, the hybrid runtime is able to process arbitrarily large queries with a fixed amount of memory, optimizing for memory locality.

Abstract: An in-memory graph query runtime is integrated inside a database management system and is capable of performing simple patter-matching queries against homogeneous graphs. The runtime efficiently combines breadth-first (BFS) and depth-first (DFS) neighbor traversal algorithms to achieve a hybrid runtime that takes the best from both sides. As a result, the hybrid runtime is able to process arbitrarily large queries with a fixed amount of memory, optimizing for memory locality.

Abstract: An in-memory graph query runtime is integrated inside a database management system and is capable of performing simple patter-matching queries against homogeneous graphs. The runtime efficiently combines breadth-first (BFS) and depth-first (DFS) neighbor traversal algorithms to achieve a hybrid runtime that takes the best from both sides. As a result, the hybrid runtime is able to process arbitrarily large queries with a fixed amount of memory, optimizing for memory locality.

Abstract: Adaptive data collections may include various type of data arrays, sets, bags, maps, and other data structures. A simple interface for each adaptive collection may provide access via a unified API to adaptive implementations of the collection. A single adaptive data collection may include multiple, different adaptive implementations. A system configured to implement adaptive data collections may include the ability to adaptively select between various implementations, either manually or automatically, and to map a given workload to differing hardware configurations. Additionally, hardware resource needs of different configurations may be predicted from a small number of workload measurements. Adaptive data collections may provide language interoperability, such as by leveraging runtime compilation to build adaptive data collections and to compile and optimize implementation code and user code together.

Abstract: Adaptive data collections may include various type of data arrays, sets, bags, maps, and other data structures. A simple interface for each adaptive collection may provide access via a unified API to adaptive implementations of the collection. A single adaptive data collection may include multiple, different adaptive implementations. A system configured to implement adaptive data collections may include the ability to adaptively select between various implementations, either manually or automatically, and to map a given workload to differing hardware configurations. Additionally, hardware resource needs of different configurations may be predicted from a small number of workload measurements. Adaptive data collections may provide language interoperability, such as by leveraging runtime compilation to build adaptive data collections and to compile and optimize implementation code and user code together.

Abstract: Adaptive data collections may include various type of data arrays, sets, bags, maps, and other data structures. A simple interface for each adaptive collection may provide access via a unified API to adaptive implementations of the collection. A single adaptive data collection may include multiple, different adaptive implementations. A system configured to implement adaptive data collections may include the ability to adaptively select between various implementations, either manually or automatically, and to map a given workload to differing hardware configurations. Additionally, hardware resource needs of different configurations may be predicted from a small number of workload measurements. Adaptive data collections may provide language interoperability, such as by leveraging runtime compilation to build adaptive data collections and to compile and optimize implementation code and user code together.

Abstract: Techniques are described herein for space-efficient encoding of label information of property graphs. In an embodiment, an input graph is received. The input graph comprises a plurality of entities and a plurality of label sets. Each entity of said plurality of entities is associated with a label set of the plurality of label sets and each label set of the plurality of label sets comprises zero or more labels of a plurality of labels. A first mapping is generated that maps each label of the plurality of labels to a label code. A second mapping is generated that maps each label integer set of a plurality of label integer sets to a label code. Each label integer set of the plurality of label integer sets corresponds to a label set of the plurality of label sets, wherein each label integer set of the plurality of label integer sets comprises label codes from the first mapping that are mapped to each label included in the corresponding label set.