Abstract: A process for the milling of a nuclear graphite contaminated with radioelements includes subjecting the graphite, immersed in a liquid medium, to high-voltage pulses. The liquid medium has a resistivity such that, owing to the effect of the energy conveyed by the said pulses, electric arcs are initiated and, upon contact with the graphite, break the carbon-carbon bonds that make up the graphite. The number of high-voltage pulses is set so as to obtain a given particle size.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of a nuclear graphite contaminated with radioelements includes subjecting the graphite, immersed in a medium containing water, to high-voltage pulses. The pulses have sufficient energy for electric arcs to be initiated and to break the constituent bonds of the water molecules and the carbon-carbon bonds of the graphite. The number of high-voltage pulses is determined so as to convert the graphite into gas.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of a nuclear graphite contaminated with radioelements includes subjecting the graphite, immersed in a medium containing water, to high-voltage pulses. The pulses have sufficient energy for electric arcs to be initiated and to break the constituent bonds of the water molecules and the carbon-carbon bonds of the graphite. The number of high-voltage pulses is determined so as to convert the graphite into gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the treatment of a nuclear graphite contaminated with radioelements, the said process comprising a milling step consisting in subjecting the said graphite, immersed in a liquid medium, to high-voltage pulses, the said liquid medium having a resistivity such that, owing to the effect of the energy conveyed by the said pulses, electric arcs are initiated and, upon contact with the said graphite, break the carbon-carbon bonds that make up this graphite, the number of high-voltage pulses being set so as to obtain a given particle size.

Abstract: The invention makes it possible to measure the degree of radioactive radiation emitted by large pieces. It includes two large gamma ray detectors (12A, 12B) placed opposite each other and whose spacing is adjustable. They are completed by a photoelectron multiplier (14A, 14B). The piece (2) to be measured is suspended so as to be brought between the two detectors (12A, 12B). The positioning of these detectors is obtained with the aid of a computer and a system (22) for recognizing the shape of the piece (2) functioning with the aid of optical clip-on lenses. The fact that the two detectors are position-adjustable makes it possible to take account of the shape of the piece to be measured. An application is the recovery of materials originating from nuclear installations with the view to re-using the materials.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of 1,2-dichloroethane in which chlorine and ethylene are reacted in the liquid phase in the absence of light and in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst wherein all of the chlorine used in the reaction and a fraction of the total ethylene within the range of 90 to 100 mole percent based upon the total chlorine are introduced to a first homogeneous agitated reaction zone, the products from the first zone are passed to a second homogeneous agitated reaction zone into which there is also introduced the remaining ethylene in countercurrent flow to the flow of the 1,2-dichloroethane, with the total amount of ethylene introduced not exceeding 102 mole percent of the total chlorine.

Abstract: A process for the continuous chlorination of ethylene in the liquid phase in the absence of light and in the presence of 1,2-dichloroethane and dissolved ferric chloride wherein the reaction is carried out in a homogeneous reaction zone in which the reaction medium contains dissolved chlorine in an amount within the range of 1 to 20 g per kg of liquid reaction mixture and in which the ratio R between the molar hourly flow rate of ethylene introduced to the homogeneous reaction zone and the molar hourly flow rate of ethylene which saturates the 1,2-dichloroethane contained in the reaction zone is within the range of 0 to 140.

Abstract: A process for converting trichloroethylene present in 1,2-dichloroethane by chlorination of the trichloroethylene in the liquid phase in the absence of light and in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst wherein chlorine, 1,2-dichloroethane containing trichloroethylene and ethylene are introduced to a homogeneous reaction zone, with the mole ratio of ethylene to trichloroethylene being at least 50 and the mole ratio of trichloroethylene to chlorine being a maximum of 0.02.