Abstract: The present disclosure relates to nickel/aluminum-containing catalyst materials useful, for example, as reforming catalysts, processes for making them, and processes for using them in molten carbonate fuel cells. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a catalyst material including an alumina carrier in an amount in the range of about 5 wt % to about 75 wt %; and a mixed metal oxide in an amount in the range of about 25 wt % to about 95 wt %, the mixed metal oxide including at least about 90 wt % of oxides of nickel and aluminum, the mixed metal oxide having an atomic ratio of nickel to aluminum in the range of about 60:40 to about 90:10, the mixed metal oxide being substantially free of zirconium, in the form of a composite of the alumina carrier and the mixed metal oxide.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to processes for regenerating catalysts. In certain aspects, a process for regenerating a deactivated catalyst disposed in a first organic material includes removing a substantial portion of the first organic material from the catalyst to provide a dewaxed catalyst having less than about 40 wt % (e.g., less than about 20%) organic material disposed thereon. The dewaxed catalyst is then contacted with a flow of a substantially inert gas at a temperature of at least about 200° C. to provide an inert gas-treated catalyst having less than about 10 wt % organic material disposed thereon. The inert gas-treated catalyst is then contacted with an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of at least about 200 ° C. to form an oxidized catalyst (e.g., having less than 2 wt % carbonaceous material disposed thereon). The oxidized catalyst is then contacted with a hydrogen-containing gas at a temperature of at least about 200° C. to form a regenerated catalyst.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to nickel/aluminum-containing catalyst materials useful, for example, as reforming catalysts, processes for making them, and processes for using them in molten carbonate fuel cells. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a catalyst material including an alumina carrier in an amount in the range of about 5 wt % to about 75 wt %; and a mixed metal oxide in an amount in the range of about 25 wt % to about 95 wt %, the mixed metal oxide including at least about 90 wt % of oxides of nickel and aluminum, the mixed metal oxide having an atomic ratio of nickel to aluminum in the range of about 60:40 to about 90:10, the mixed metal oxide being substantially free of zirconium, in the form of a composite of the alumina carrier and the mixed metal oxide.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to processes for regenerating catalysts. In certain aspects, a process for regenerating a deactivated catalyst disposed in a first organic material includes removing a substantial portion of the first organic material from the catalyst to provide a dewaxed catalyst having less than about 40 wt % (e.g., less than about 20%) organic material disposed thereon. The dewaxed catalyst is then contacted with a flow of a substantially inert gas at a temperature of at least about 200° C. to provide an inert gas-treated catalyst having less than about 10 wt % organic material disposed thereon. The inert gas-treated catalyst is then contacted with an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of at least about 200 ° C. to form an oxidized catalyst (e.g., having less than 2 wt % carbonaceous material disposed thereon). The oxidized catalyst is then contacted with a hydrogen-containing gas at a temperature of at least about 200° C. to form a regenerated catalyst.

Abstract: A process for removing mercury from a gas or liquid phase, wherein the gas or liquid phase containing mercury is placed in contact with a composition comprising a precipitated metal sulfide. The precipitated metal sulfide may be made by the process of combining a metal source, sulfide source, and modifier to form the precipitated metal sulfide. The metal source may comprise iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, or gold salts. The metal salt may be selected from metal nitrate, metal sulfate, metal phosphate, metal acetate, metal carbonate, metal hydroxide, metal ammonium carbonate, and metal hydroxycarbonate. The sulfide source is selected from hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), salts of sulfide (S2-), salts of hydrosulfide (HS—), and salts of polysulfide (Sn2-). The modifier may be selected from alumina, silica, aluminosilicate, clay, zeolites, carbon, cement, titania, zirconia.

Abstract: A process for removing mercury from a gas or liquid phase, wherein the gas or liquid phase containing mercury is placed in contact with a composition comprising a precipitated metal sulfide. The precipitated metal sulfide may be made by the process of combining a metal source, sulfide source, and modifier to form the precipitated metal sulfide. The metal source may comprise iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, or gold salts. The metal salt may be selected from metal nitrate, metal sulfate, metal phosphate, metal acetate, metal carbonate, metal hydroxide, metal ammonium carbonate, and metal hydroxycarbonate. The sulfide source is selected from hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), salts of sulfide (S2?), salts of hydrosulfide (HS?), and salts of polysulfide (Sn2?). The modifier may be selected from alumina, silica, aluminosilicate, clay, zeolites, carbon, cement, titania, zirconia.

Abstract: A process for removing mercury from a gas or liquid phase, wherein the gas or liquid phase containing mercury is placed in contact with a composition comprising a precipitated metal sulfide. The precipitated metal sulfide may be made by the process of combining a metal source, sulfide source, and modifier to form the precipitated metal sulfide. The metal source may comprise iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, or gold salts. The metal salt may be selected from metal nitrate, metal sulfate, metal phosphate, metal acetate, metal carbonate, metal hydroxide, metal ammonium carbonate, and metal hydroxycarbonate. The sulfide source is selected from hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), salts of sulfide (S2-), salts of hydrosulfide (HS—), and salts of polysulfide (Sn2-).