Abstract: A Guanella type balun with a conductive enclosure (for example, a re-entrant box) between its coupled lines and the magnetic material enclosing its coupled lines. Some embodiments use coupled strip lines. Some embodiments have dielectric material, such as printed circuit board material inside the re-entrant box along with the coupled strip lines. Preferably, the magnetic material is ferrimagnetic. Some preferred magnetic materials are non-conductive.

Abstract: A Guanella type balun with a conductive enclosure (for example, a re-entrant box) between its coupled lines and the magnetic material enclosing its coupled lines. Some embodiments use coupled strip lines. Some embodiments have dielectric material, such as printed circuit board material inside the re-entrant box along with the coupled strip lines. Preferably, the magnetic material is ferrimagnetic. Some preferred magnetic materials are non-conductive.

Abstract: A high frequency amplifier network is provided in which an auxiliary amplifier is available to replace one of a plurality of primary amplifiers. Alternately, the auxiliary amplifier may operate in parallel with one of a plurality of primary amplifiers.

Abstract: A circuit for supplying signals to a quadrifilar antenna that has an input port for receiving a first signal, a first transmission line connected at one end to the input port, and a first connection point. The first connection point is connected to another end of the first transmission line. The first connection point provides a path to a first antenna port. A second transmission line is connected at one end to the first connection point. A second connection point is connected to another end of the second transmission line. The second connection point provides a path to a second antenna port. A third transmission line is connected at one end to the second connection point. A third connection point is connected to another end of the third transmission line. The third connection point provides a path to a third antenna port. A fourth transmission line is connected at one end to the third connection point. A fourth connection point is connected to another end of the third transmission line.

Abstract: A circuit dividing and/or combining signals that has an input port for receiving a first signal, a first transmission line connected at one end to the input port, and a first connection point. The first connection point is connected to another end of the first transmission line. The first connection point provides a path to a first output port. A plurality of additional transmission lines, connection points and output ports is connected in sequence. Each transmission line is connected at one end to the (N−1)th connection point. A N connection point is connected to another end of the N transmission line. The N connection point provides a path to a N output port. The circuit provides equal amplitude at each of the anntena ports and further provides 90° phase progression between each pair of adjacent output ports.

Abstract: A circuit for supplying signals to a quadrifilar antenna that has an input port for receiving a first signal, a first transmission line connected at one end to the input port, and a first connection point. The first connection point is connected to another end of the first transmission line. The first connection point provides a path to a first antenna port. A second transmission line is connected at one end to the first connection point. A second connection point is connected to another end of the second transmission line. The second connection point provides a path to a second antenna port. A third transmission line is connected at one end to the second connection point. A third connection point is connected to another end of the third transmission line. The third connection point provides a path to a third antenna port. A fourth transmission line is connected at one end to the third connection point. A fourth connection point is connected to another end of the third transmission line.

Abstract: A circuit dividing and/or combining signals that has an input port for receiving a first signal, a first transmission line connected at one end to the input port, and a first connection point. The first connection point is connected to another end of the first transmission line. The first connection point provides a path to a first output port. A plurality of additional transmission lines, connection points and output ports is connected in sequence. Each transmission line is connected at one end to the (N−1)th connection point. A N connection point is connected to another end of the N transmission line. The N connection point provides a path to a N output port. The circuit provides equal amplitude at each of the antenna ports and further provides 90° phase progression between each pair of adjacent output ports.

Abstract: A circuit for dynamically combining/splitting power amplifier outputs having at least four power input ports. The input ports are joined by a 360 degree transmission line having three switches spaced 90 degrees apart. Two coupled line circuits are connected to the transmission line. The coupled line circuits are placed in parallel and each of the coupled line circuits selectively provides either 50 Ohms or 70.7 Ohms impedance.

Abstract: A circuit element that increases time delay in the propagation of an electromagnetic signal includes a plurality of conductors and bends, the conductors mounted with a gap and in parallel to one another, for generating a time delayed signal. The conductors have a first line width, length, and thickness for generating an impedance. The second end of a conductor is connected to the first end of a following conductor by a bend wherein the bend has a second line width, radius and thickness for electrically connecting said conductors in a series circuit. The conductors and bends are surface etched.

Abstract: A circuit for dynamically combining/splitting power amplifier outputs comprises at least four power input ports. The input ports are joined by a 360 degree transmission line having three switches spaced 90 degrees apart. Two coupled line circuits are connected to the transmission line. The coupled line circuits are placed in parallel and each of the coupled line circuits selectively provides either 50 Ohms or 70.7 Ohms impedance.

Abstract: Eight detached playing blocks have different indicia sequences. Each indicia sequence is different from one another. The indices in each sequence have a numerical character and a directional character to them. Varying numbers of playing blocks can be used to provide various puzzles and games with different levels of required skill.