Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption process to separate para-xylene and ethylbenzene from C8 aromatics which uses a para-selective, non-acidic, medium pore molecular sieve of the MFI structure type and is operated isothermally in the vapor phase at elevated temperatures and pressures is integrated with simulated moving bed adsorption (SiMBAC) to produce para-xylene product. A fixed bed of adsorbent is saturated with pX and EB, which are preferentially adsorbed, the feed is stopped, and lowering the partial pressure desorbs the pX and EB. The process effluent, which is rich in pX and EB, is subjected to SiMBAC to obtain para-xylene product.

Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption process to separate para-xylene and ethylbenzene from a C8 aromatics stream produced by toluene conversion uses a para-selective adsorbent, preferably a non-acidic, medium pore molecular sieve of the MFI structure type, and is operated isothermally in the vapor phase at elevated temperatures and pressures. A fixed bed of adsorbent is saturated with pX and EB, which are preferentially adsorbed, then the feed to the process is stopped. Lowering the partial pressure desorbs the pX and EB giving a pX/EB-rich effluent. A stream of non-adsorbed mX and oX may be obtained before desorbing pX and EB.

Abstract: A method for preparing a catalyst having one or more noble metals disposed in a relatively homogeneous distribution on a base which includes an inorganic refractory binder and a zeolite. The method provides for uniformly depositing noble metals on the base after it is formed, without unnecessarily displacing desirable nonframework cations, such as sodium, from the zeolite.

Abstract: A method for converting a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to a lower boiling temperature product is described which comprises suspending metal sulfide particles and oxide particles in a reaction zone including hydrogen and the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock at hydrocracking conditions. The metal sulfide particles and the oxide particles are introduced into the reaction zone through particle precursor fluids which precipitate upon heating to form the particles. The metal sulfide particles contain sulfidable transition metals. The oxide particles contain oxidizable elements such as magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorous, calcium, scandium, titanium, gallium, germanium, zirconium, cerium, and mixtures thereof and are not hydrogenation catalysts under the reactor conditions. The oxide particles resist being chemically reduced by reducing agents in the reaction zone. Surprisingly, the presence of the oxide particles is associated with a significant reduction of coke production in the reaction zone.

Abstract: A method for converting a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to a lower boiling temperature product is described which comprises suspending metal sulfide particles and oxide particles in a reaction zone including hydrogen and the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock at hydrocracking conditions. The metal sulfide particles and the oxide particles are introduced into the reaction zone through particle precursor fluids which precipitate upon heating to form the particles. The metal sulfide particles contain sulfidable transition metals. The oxide particles contain oxidisable elements such as magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorous, calcium, scandium, titanium, gallium, germanium, zirconium, cerium, and mixtures thereof and are not hydrogenation catalysts under the reactor conditions. The oxide particles resist being chemically reduced by reducing agents in the reaction zone. Surprisingly, the presence of the oxide particles is associated with a significant reduction of coke production in the reaction zone.

Abstract: A method for converting a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to a lower boiling product is described which comprises suspending metal-impregnated carbonaceous particles in a reaction zone including hydrogen and the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock at hydrocracking conditions. The metal impregnated on the particles may be sulfided in the reaction zone. The impregnated particles are shown to be surprisingly selective catalysts, and anomalous ranges of particle size and concentration are identified. Methods for preparing the particles are additionally presented.

Abstract: A process is provided for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising at least 2 volume percent of a low molecular weight oligomer to hydrocarbon product useful in the manufacture of fuels comprising contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock with a catalytic cracking catalyst at catalytic cracking conditions for converting at least a portion of the low molecular weight oligomer to hydrocarbon suitable for blending into fuels.

Abstract: A process for converting synthesis gas to n-paraffins or higher alcohols utilizes a mixed copper-chromium oxide catalyst. The process allows great flexibility in selecting the product mix by changing catalyst compositions and process conditions.

Abstract: A process for converting synthesis gas to olefins or higher alcohols depending on operating pressure includes an alkali metal-containing cobalt synthesis gas conversion catalyst. The process allows great flexibility in selecting the product mix by changing process conditions.

Abstract: A two-stage process for converting synthesis gas to higher alcohols includes an alkali metal-containing cobalt synthesis gas conversion catalyst in a first stage and a copper-containing catalyst in a second stage. The process allows great flexibility in selecting the product mix by changing catalyst compositions and process conditions.

Abstract: A deactivated catalyst comprising a nonacidic zeolite and a Group VIII metal is regenerated by a two-step carbon burn process. The first oxidation step contacts the nonacidic zeolite catalyst with a halogen-free gaseous stream comprising oxygen and an inert gas at a first temperature sufficient to combust carbonaceous material while maintaining a substantial portion of the active Group VIII metal surface area withn the micropores of the nonacidic zeolite for a first period of time sufficient to substantially complete combustion of at least a portion the carbonaceous material at the first temperature. The second step contacts this nonacidic zeolite catalyst with a gaseous stream comprising oxygen and an inert gas at a second temperature sufficient to combust any remaining carbonaceous material for a second period of time sufficient to maintain a substantial portion of the active Group VIII metal surface area in the micropores of the nonacidic zeolite catalyst.

Abstract: This invention comprises a reforming catalyst and process with an unsulfided catalyst comprising Zeolite L, in which the cationic sites have been exchanged to contain potassium or barium or both; a Group VIII noble metal and rhenium, where the ratio of noble metal to rhenium is from about 0.1:1 to about 10:0. This catalyst gives improved selectivity toward aromatics formation and has improved sulfur tolerance compared to other L zeolite reforming catalysts.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reforming hydrocarbons, particularly C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 hydrocarbons, to aromatics, by passing the hydrocarbons over a dehydrocyclization catalyst at dehydrocyclization conditions. The catalyst comprises a non-acidic large pore zeolite having a Group VIII metal and an alkaline earth metal, said alkaline earth metal having been impregnated onto the zeolite by contacting the zeolite with an alkaline earth metal solution of a concentration sufficient to result in the zeolite having an alkaline earth metal content of less than about 2% by weight of the zeolite.

Abstract: A process of concurrently dedusting and upgrading particulate laden raw, whole retort oil is provided which comprises the steps of: retorting solid hydrocarbon-containing material such as oil shale to liberate an effluent stream of dust laden hydrocarbons; injecting the dust-laden retort effluent product stream into a catalytic hydrotreater; agitating the product stream in the hydrotreater to constantly maintain the particulates in suspension within the oil; catalytically hydrotreating the agitated product stream in the presence of a hydroprocessing gas at a pressure of from 500 to 3000 psi, a temperature of from 650.degree. to 850.degree. F. and a space velocity of from 0.1 to 6.0 hr.sup.-1, whereby the suspended particulates are agglomerated to facilitate solid-liquid separation and substantial amounts of sulfur and nitrogen contaminants are simultaneously removed from the resulting ungraded oil; and mechanically separating the agglomerated particulates from the upgraded whole oil.

Abstract: This invention comprises a reforming catalyst and process with an unsulfided catalyst comprising Zeolite L, in which the cationic sites have been exchanged to contain potassium or barium or both; a Group VIII noble metal and rhenium, where the ratio of noble metal to rhenium is from about 0.1:1 to about 10:0. This catalyst gives improved selectivity toward aromatics formation and has improved sulfur tolerance compared to other L zeolite reforming catalysts.

Abstract: Hydrotreating catalyst composition comprising a hydrogenating component consisting essentially of a metal component in which the metal is selected from Group VIB and a phosphorus component, deposed on the surface of a support comprising a porous refractory inorganic oxide and free of zeolite component exhibits excellent hydrotreating activity and lifetime, particularly in the hydrodenitrogenation of high nitrogen feeds, e.g., whole shale oils or fractions thereof, and in the hydrodesulfurization and hydrodemetallation of high sulfur feeds, e.g., vacuum or atmospheric residual.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydrocracking process wherein the feedstock is contacted in a first reaction zone with a first reaction zone catalyst comprising a nickel component and a tungsten component deposed on a support component consisting essentially of an alumina component and a crystalline molecular sieve component. The effluent from the first reaction zone effluent is then contacted in a second reaction zone with a second reaction zone catalyst comprising a molybdenum component deposed on a support component comprising an alumina component and a crystalline molecular sieve component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydrocracking process employing a plurality of reaction zones wherein at least one reaction zone contains a small nominal size hydrocracking catalyst (10 to 16 U.S. Sieve mesh size) and wherein the catalyst situated upstream of the small nominal size hydrocracking has a particle size greater than the small nominal size hydrocracking catalyst.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion process is disclosed involving the hydrocracking of a catalytic cycle oil in the presence of a catalyst having a nickel component, a tungsten component, and a support component containing a crystalline molecular sieve material present in an amount ranging from 25 to 60 wt. % based on the weight of the support component with the balance being alumina.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion process is disclosed involving the hydrocracking of a catalytic cycle oil in the presence of a catalyst having a nickel component, a tungsten component, and a support component containing a crystalline molecular sieve material present in an amount ranging from 10 to 40 wt. % based on the weight of the support component with the balance of the support component being alumina.