Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting a subtype of a disease state and for determining the development of a resistance mechanism in a disease are disclosed. One method may include: receiving, at an input component of the system, a set of sequence reads associated with a nucleic acid sample; generating, using a processor of the system and via analysis of the set of sequence reads, methylation data; and analyzing, using the processor, the methylation data to identify the subtype of the disease state. Another method may include: obtaining methylation data from a targeted methylation sequencing assay, applying the methylation data to a trained machine learning model, and receiving an output indicating whether MRD is present in a test subject and/or whether a resistance mechanism has been developed by a disease. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method of treating pneumonia in a patient is disclosed comprising administering an effective amount of an IL-6 antagonist to a patient identified as having elevated ferritin level. Also disclosed is a method of achieving an improved clinical response in a patient with pneumonia comprising: a. measuring ferritin level in the patient, and b. administering an effective amount of an IL-6 antagonist to the patient identified as having an elevated ferritin level. The improved clinical response achieved includes: no death by Day 28, not mechanically ventilated by Day 28 (wherein the patient was not mechanically ventilated at baseline), better ordinal score at Day 28, and/or reduced time to hospital discharge within 28 days, compared to the clinical response in a patient with pneumonia and ferritin level that is not elevated.