Abstract: A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a lithium-transition metal composite oxide particle having a lattice strain (?) of 0.18 or less, which is calculated by applying Williamson-Hall method defined by Equation 1 to XRD peaks measured through XRD analysis, and having an XRD peak intensity ratio of 8.9% or less, which is defined by Equation 2. By controlling the lattice strain and XRD peak intensity ratio of the lithium-transition metal composite oxide particle, a lithium secondary battery with improved life-span characteristics as well as output characteristics is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to managing a document to be cleaned, includes processing a request, in response to the request to store document data of a first document in a database, based on at least one of whether the first document is duplicate or whether substantive contents of the first document are a same in a relationship with a second document pre-stored in the database, whether the first document is duplicate may be determined by comparing a unique identification value and version information of the first document with a unique identification value and version information of the second document, and whether substantive contents of the first document are the same may be determined by comparing hash data of the first document with hash data of the second document.

Abstract: A cathode for a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cathode current collector, and a cathode active material layer on the cathode current collector. The cathode active material layer includes cathode active material particles. The cathode active material particles include first lithium metal oxide particles having a shape of a secondary particle in which a plurality of primary particles are aggregated, and second lithium metal oxide particles having a shape of a single particle. A closed pore ratio of the cathode active material layer is 5% or less.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent compound and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising the compound according to the present disclosure, it is possible to produce an organic electroluminescent device having improved driving voltage, power efficiency, and/or lifetime properties compared to the conventional organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: A display device includes a first semiconductor layer disposed on a substrate; a first insulating layer disposed on the first semiconductor layer; a scan line disposed on the first insulating layer; a second insulating layer on the scan line; an inverted scan line on the second insulating layer; a third insulating layer disposed on the inverted scan line; a second semiconductor layer disposed on the third insulating layer; a fourth insulating layer disposed on the second semiconductor layer; an initializing voltage line disposed on the fourth insulating layer and overlapping the scan line; a first transistor including a channel disposed in the first semiconductor layer and receiving a gate signal through the scan line; and a second transistor including a channel disposed in the second semiconductor layer and receiving a gate signal through the inverted scan line.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exoskeleton-type rehabilitation robot system, including: a body part provided on a chair in which a user sits and provided with a robot arm capable of moving left or right based on the user seated on the chair; a conversion part configured to convert a position of the robot arm with respect to the body part; a driving part configured to articulate the robot arm with respect to the body part; and a controller configured to detect a change in a position of the robot arm and control a left or right driving mode of the driving part according to the position of the robot arm. In accordance with such a configuration, the exoskeleton-type rehabilitation robot system of the present invention is provided integrally with a chair, thereby having excellent space utilization. In addition, the user's initial preparation for rehabilitation training is simple, which can improve efficiency.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a film substrate; a wiring layer provided on the film substrate; and a semiconductor chip provided on the wiring layer and electrically connected to the wiring layer. The film substrate includes a first layer, wherein the first layer is an insulating layer having the wiring layer thereon. The film substrate further includes a second layer, wherein the second layer is attached to a bottom of the first layer and comprises a gas. The second layer is configured to be peeled off of the first layer.

Abstract: A switching regulator, system-on-chip including the switching regulator, and operating method of the switching regulator are provided. The switching regulator comprises a first inductor having a first end connected to a first node and a second end connected to an output terminal, a second inductor having a first end connected to a second node and a second end connected to the output terminal, a flying capacitor having a first end connected to the first node and a second end connected to the second node, and control circuitry configured to at each of first through fourth times control the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch, the sixth switch, the seventh switch, and the eighth switch to cause the flying capacitor to store a voltage corresponding to a difference between currents flowing in the first inductor and the second inductor.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include: a flying capacitor connected between a first node and a second node; a first inductor having a first end connected to the flying capacitor through the first node and a second end connected to an output node; and a second inductor having a first end connected to the flying capacitor through the second node and a second end connected to the output node, wherein the semiconductor device is configurable in a plurality of different states based on a plurality of different operational phases, and wherein the flying capacitor is configured to float in a first phase, is configured to be discharged through the first inductor in a second phase that is different from the first phase, and is configured to be charged through the second inductor in a third phase that is different from the first phase and the second phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for providing information for diagnosis of metastasis of radiotherapy-treated lung cancer, the method comprising the steps of: (a) measuring an expression level of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1) in a sample from a lung cancer patient who has undergone radiotherapy; (b) measuring an expression level of RIP1 in a normal control sample; and (c) comparing the expression levels of step (a) and step (b).

Abstract: 3D graphene optical sensors, such as microstructure sensors and nanostructure sensors. The 3D optical sensors include one or more graphene panels shaped to surround an interior, open volume. Graphene plasmons couple across the interior, open volume. The 3D optical sensors can have a polygonal shape or a cylindrical shape.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a 3D micro-scale structure. A 2D net including a plurality of panels and a plurality of hinges is provided. The panels are arranged in a pattern. The hinges interconnect immediately adjacent ones of the panels within the pattern. An energy source remote from the 2D net is powered to deliver energy to the 2D net. The delivered energy triggers the 2D net to self-fold into a 3D micro-scale structure. The delivered energy creates an eddy current within at least one component of the 2D net, with the eddy current generating heat sufficient to melt at least one of the hinges. The melting hinge causes the corresponding panels to fold or pivot relative to one another. In some embodiments, the energy source is a microwave energy source. In other embodiments, the energy source delivers a magnetic field.

Abstract: 3D microscale metamaterial structures and methods of making. The metamaterial structure includes a polygonal structure having a plurality of panels connected to one another at structure corners. A metal resonator pattern is provided on each of the panels. The resonator patterns of neighboring panels are electromagnetically coupled to one another across a gap between the resonator patterns at the corresponding structure corner. The panels can be a polymer material, layers of graphene oxide, etc. The metamaterial structure can be a 3D octagram split-ring resonator, and is completely isotropic. The 3D metamaterial structure can be made by a self-folding process.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a 3D micro-scale structure. A 2D net including a plurality of panels and a plurality of hinges is provided. The panels are arranged in a pattern. The hinges interconnect immediately adjacent ones of the panels within the pattern. An energy source remote from the 2D net is powered to deliver energy to the 2D net. The delivered energy triggers the 2D net to self-fold into a 3D micro-scale structure. The delivered energy creates an eddy current within at least one component of the 2D net, with the eddy current generating heat sufficient to melt at least one of the hinges. The melting hinge causes the corresponding panels to fold or pivot relative to one another. In some embodiments, the energy source is a microwave energy source. In other embodiments, the energy source delivers a magnetic field.

Abstract: Functionalized microscale 3D devices and methods of making the same. The 3D microdevice can be realized with the combination of top-down (lithographic) and bottom-up (origami-inspired self-assembly) processes. The origami-inspired self-assembly approach combined with a top-down process can realize 3D microscale polyhedral structures with metal/semiconductor materials patterned on dielectric materials. In some embodiments, the functionalized 3D microdevices include resonator-based passive sensors, i.e. split ring resonators (SRRs), on 3D, transparent, free-standing, dielectric media (Al2O3).

Abstract: Nanopillar-based closed ring resonator (CRR) MMs, utilizing displacement current in the nano gap medium between nanopillars that significantly increases energy storage in the MMs, leading to an enhanced Q-factor of at least 11000. A metallic nanopillar array is designed in the form of a closed ring (e.g., square-shape) CRR.

Abstract: 3D graphene optical sensors, such as microstructure sensors and nanostructure sensors. The 3D optical sensors include one or more graphene panels shaped to surround an interior, open volume. Graphene plasmons couple across the interior, open volume. The 3D optical sensors can have a polygonal shape or a cylindrical shape.

Abstract: Nanopillar-based THz metamaterials, such as split ring resonator (SRR) MMs, utilizing displacement current in the dielectric medium between nanopillars that significantly increases energy storage in the MMs, leading to enhanced Q-factor. A metallic nanopillar array is designed in the form of a single gap (C-shape) SRR. Vacuum or dielectric materials of different permittivities are filled between the nanopillars to form nanoscale dielectric gaps. In other embodiments, formation of patterned nanowires using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates with porous structures of different heights resulting from an initial step difference made by etching the aluminum (Al) thin film with a photoresist developer prior to the anodization process are disclosed.

Abstract: 3D microscale metamaterial structures and methods of making. The metamaterial structure includes a polygonal structure having a plurality of panels connected to one another at structure corners. A metal resonator pattern is provided on each of the panels. The resonator patterns of neighboring panels are electromagnetically coupled to one another across a gap between the resonator patterns at the corresponding structure corner. The panels can be a polymer material, layers of graphene oxide, etc. The metamaterial structure can be a 3D octagram split-ring resonator, and is completely isotropic. The 3D metamaterial structure can be made by a self-folding process.

Abstract: Nanopillar-based closed ring resonator (CRR) MMs, utilizing displacement current in the nano gap medium between nanopillars that significantly increases energy storage in the MMs, leading to an enhanced Q-factor of at least 11000. A metallic nanopillar array is designed in the form of a closed ring (e.g.