Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds of Chemical Formula 1, optical isomers of the compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds or the optical isomers. The compounds, isomers, and salts exhibit excellent activity as GLP-1 receptor agonists. In particular, they, as GLP-1 receptor agonists, exhibit excellent glucose tolerance, thus having a great potential to be used as therapeutic agents for metabolic diseases. Moreover, they exhibit excellent pharmacological safety for cardiovascular systems.

Abstract: Nowadays, the production of metallic parts, namely sheet metal, with high strength and formability, represents a big challenge for automotive, aerospace and assembling industries. The present invention deals with a new plastic deformation process that allows, by controlling the strain path change, the production of sheet metals with a grain size of 1-2 micron and, consequently, with a yield stress 3-4 times than the ones obtained with conventional processes, keeping the same formability. The process is easy for industrialization and its optimization requires only two fundamental parameters that characterize the ratio of thickness reduction, shear strain and amplitude in the change of strain path.

Abstract: A high voltage discharge lamp driving device which can be used for an outdoor high voltage discharge lamp driving device due to reduce discharge start voltage of the high voltage discharge lamp by changing a turns ratio of a last output coil. The high voltage discharge lamp driving device which can light the high voltage discharge lamp in an instant by outputting over tens of thousands volt discharge start voltage, and can raise power efficiency by generating high voltage pulse signals for driving the high voltage discharge lamp and by shortening the time the high voltage pulses are applied to the high voltage discharge lamp.