Abstract: A metrology tool for determining a parameter of interest of a structure fabricated on a substrate, the metrology tool comprising: an illumination optical system for illuminating the structure with illumination radiation under a non-zero angle of incidence; a detection optical system comprising a detection optical sensor and at least one lens for capturing a portion of illumination radiation scattered by the structure and transmitting the captured radiation towards the detection optical sensor, wherein the illumination optical system and the detection optical system do not share an optical element.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus (1) receives a color input signal (3) and configurable user settings (7). The image processing apparatus (1) is adapted to transform the color input signal (3) into a modified color signal (9) for display on a color display (11). The image processing apparatus (1) transforms one or more colors in the color input signal (3) to another color or colors, such that the image signal can be viewed by a color blind person. The image processing apparatus (1) may also change the brightness level or texture setting of a particular color in order to make the color more visible to a colorblind person. The image processing apparatus is also adaptable to inform a user of the true color of a particular color in the color input signal.

Abstract: An optical disc device and a method are for scanning a medium via a beam of radiation while focusing the beam, in particular for scribing a visible label on a record carrier that has a label side provided with a radiation sensitive layer for creating the visible label. The device has a head for providing the beam and a detector for generating a detector signal (CA) from radiation reflected from the medium. A focus system is provided for generating a focus control signal for focusing the beam of radiation to a spot on the medium. A focus excitation signal (505) is added to the focus control signal and a focus correction signal is generated based on detecting a center of gravity in the detector signal, the weight of the detector signal being determined in dependance of the focus excitation signal.

Abstract: A method and a device for fast disc recognition for use in read/write performances when an optical disc is connected to an optical drive, including the provision of a set S of parameters for safe data transfer between the drive and the disc, the direct calibration during a disc recognition step only of those parameters out of said set S in need of a direct calibration, the start of a read/write data transfer sequence after said disc recognition step is finalized and the calibration of the remaining parameters at first after or during one or more data transfer read/write sequences.

Abstract: In an optical drive system, a “power down state” with a fast “leave power down” timing is provided. In order to meet these timing requirements, when the controller switches the system from a normal power supply mode to a power save mode, the focus and radial servo loops are kept closed, and only the tilt is reduced to zero, i.e. the tilt compensation mechanism is temporarily disabled. In order to ensure a relatively speedy commencement of a read/record operation from the power down mode (and to avoid drifting away from the readout spot to the outer radius of the disc), the system is arranged to cause the radiation spot to jump back a track every time it approaches the sector address at which the pause mode was initiated. The sledge motor controller is disabled and the average radial actuator voltage (i.e. the average voltage applied to the radial actuator controlled by the radial servo loop) is used to determine when to jump back. Thus, an address readout function is no longer required.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for discriminating in an optical drive between discs of different formats, in which the optical disc remains substantially stationary or is arranged to rotate at a very low frequency i.e. significantly lower than that required to perform a data readout or record action for the purpose of measuring the reflectivity thereof by ramping, i.e. moving, the actuator toward the optical disc (step 106a) and, during this ramp, observing (step 106b) the total reflection, known as the Central Aperture (CA), off the disc. After scaling of the reflectivity (at step 108), the system tries to catch focus (step 110) i.e. close the focus servo loop). If, at step (112), the measured reflectivity is far out of range, or the focus catch fails, then the sequence is repeated for the next laser, until the disc format has been accurately determined.

Abstract: A method is described for compensating tilt (0) of an optical disc (2). An optical lens (34), which is pivotably mounted, is pivoted to an optimum pivot position (WoPT) such that the amplitude (ATE) of the push-pull tracking error signal (STE) is maximal. Said optimum pivot position (WOPT) is determined by measuring said amplitude (ATE) at different pivot positions (yr(i)) and calculating a maximum point (yroPT, ATE,MAx) of a best parabolic fit (80) through the measurements (y(i), ATE(i)).

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to non-human transgenic animals expressing human cellular markers, including CD20 and/or preferably CD16.

Abstract: U max ? ? ? 1 ? 1 2 ? ? ? with ? ? ? U max ? ? ? 2 ? 2 2 ( I ) An optical playback or recording device is equipped with mass-unbalance detection means (20) for detecting unbalance on the record carrier (2). Mass-unbalance causes vibration and sound in the optical device when the record carrier (2) is rotated at a relatively high speed. When mass-unbalance is detected, the speed may be reduced to reduce the vibration and sound in the optical device. The mass-unbalance detection means (20) performs the following steps to detect mass-unbalance: a) determining the maximum value Umax1 of the actuator control signal (AS) at a rotational speed ?1; b) determining the maximum value Umax2 of the actuator control signal (AS) at a rotational speed ?2; c) comparing Formula (I) with Formula (II). If these values are substantially equal, then the effect of mass-unbalance is small, otherwise the effect of mass-unbalance is too great and the speed may have to be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method and device for performing tilt control. A focus and a tilt controlling output is generated, and a focusing and tilt state of an optical recording/reproducing beam is controlled by determining a radial tilt value based on a differentiation of focus control values obtained at different radii of said optical disk (1). The combination of e.g. a 3D actuator with the dz/dr tilt measurement provides the advantage that focus and tilt adjustment can be performed in the same element. Thereby, influences or measurement variations caused by environmental conditions and/or circuit characteristics can be minimized to reduce compensations requirements. Furthermore, a 3D actuator (11) with a split coil arrangement may be used to provide a three-dimensional focus adjustment. Thereby, the 3D actuator (11) can be used for feed forward tilt compensation without offset or gain errors and without any additional sensor.

Abstract: An optical playback or recording device is equipped with mass-unbalance detection means (20) for detecting unbalance on the record carrier (2). Mass-unbalance causes vibration and sound in the optical device when the record carrier (2) is rotated at a relative high speed. When mass-unbalance is detected, the speed may be reduced so as to reduce the vibration and sound in the optical device. Mass-unbalance is detected by using a state (T) of the carriage (5). The position of the carriage (5) in radial direction (D) is such a state (T). The current position of the carriage (5) is measured by an absolute measuring device. The amplitude of the difference (Pe) between the setpoint (W) and the current position of the carriage (5) is used to determine the mass-unbalance. There is a relation between the amplitude of the difference (Pe) and the amount of vibration caused by mass-unbalance. If mass-unbalance is detected, the speed of the rotation of the record carrier (2) may be reduced.