Abstract: A fuel composition containing a major amount of a fuel suitable for use in a compression-ignition engine is disclosed. The fuel contains one or more hydrocarbon components boiling within the diesel boiling range, at least one of which hydrocarbon components has been treated with a metal adsorbing or absorbing material in a different physical phase from the hydrocarbon component(s), preferably to reduce the level of at least one metal, more preferably the level of at least one heavier metal, most preferably the level of zinc, in said at least one hydrocarbon component. The emission of NOx, and optionally particulates, is reduced from the exhaust of a compression-ignition engine when such fuel composition is introduced into the combustion chambers. The treatment includes physical separation of the hydrocarbon component from the metal adsorbing or absorbing phase.

Abstract: A fuel composition containing a major amount of a fuel suitable for use in a compression-ignition engine, which fuel contains one or more hydrocarbon components boiling within the diesel boiling range, at least one of which hydrocarbon components has been treated with a metal adsorbing or absorbing material in a different physical phase from the hydrocarbon component(s), preferably to reduce the level of at least one metal, more preferably the level of at least one heavier metal, most preferably the level of zinc, in said at least one hydrocarbon component, said treatment including physical separation of the hydrocarbon component from the metal adsorbing or absorbing phase, is used to operate a compression-ignition engine, and/or a vehicle which is driven by a compression-ignition engine, for the purpose of reducing subsequent formation of deposits, preferably combustion related deposits, during engine operation in the compression-ignition engine into which the fuel composition is introduced and/or of removin