Abstract: A method for establishing P2P (peer-to-peer) communication in wireless communication networks, comprising steps of: determining whether two user equipments (caller and call) are in the same cell, and computing whether the distance between the two user equipments (UEs) meets the requirement for P2P communication according to the registry information and position information of the caller and the callee; determining whether the two UEs both have P2P communication capability according to the information of the wireless communication system indicating whether the two UEs both have P2P communication capability, when the two UEs are in the same cell and the distance between the two UEs meets the requirement for P2P communication; and allocating direct communication link for the two UEs to start communication when the two UEs both have P2P communication capability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless communication network system that maintains uplink control for the mobile terminal in peer-to-peer communication. According to one embodiment of the invention, after determining a reliable direct communication link can be set up between the mobile terminals, the network system transmits information including control commands to the mobile terminals for establishing direct communication. The information includes a burst structure type, with the burst structure containing at least one section for carrying control information intended for the network system. After the direct communication is established, the network system continuously listens to signals communicated between the mobile terminals to receive bursts. The network system demodulates received bursts that are communicated between the two mobile terminals to determine whether a received burst contains control information intended for the network system.

Abstract: Telecommunication systems for providing telecommunication services via communication channels (50) with time-frame structures having at least two flexible timeslots which are (re)allocatable to an uplink or a downlink can be made more practical by introducing at least one fixed (non-(re)allocatable) uplink timeslot, at least one fixed (non-(re)allocatable) downlink timeslot, and by introducing according to a basic idea in said flexible timeslots a first number of timeslots with an uplink priority and a second number of timeslots with a downlink priority. Said at least one fixed uplink timeslot can be one fixed uplink timeslot, said at least one fixed downlink timeslot can be one fixed downlink timeslot, with said first and second number of timeslots coinciding, and with one kind of priority increasing and with the other kind of priority decreasing per timeslot.

Abstract: Systems (1) for allocating channels to calls by firstly searching its own cluster of channels and then searching subsequent clusters of channels until a free channel has been found are provided with updating options for updating cluster priorities in dependence of searching results. These systems (1) have integrated the updating and the call handling, which improves the efficiency of the self-organizing capabilities compared to separated updating and call handling. Said updating may comprise the increasing of a cluster priority for a cluster comprising an available channel and the decreasing of a cluster priority for a cluster not comprising an available channel. An original cluster may correspond with a cell receiving a request for allocating a channel to a call, and a subsequent cluster or borrowed cluster may then correspond with a neighboring cell. Said updating may be done for borrowed clusters and may not be done for original clusters.

Abstract: R-enantiomer of Bambuterol, its preparation and therapeutic uses are disclosed. A composition includes R-Bambuterol or its therapeutically acceptable salt. A composition of R-Bambuterol includes at least 80% by weight of the R-enantiomer and not more than 20% by weight of the S-enantiomer based on a total weight of the Bmbuterol. A process includes: (a) asymmetrically reducing a suitably substituted and suitably protected bromoacetophenone compound to a chiral phenyl-bromoethanol comprising a primary bromo group and a secondary hydroxyl group; (b) displacing the bromo group by a suitably substituted and optionally protected primary amine to produce a protected chiral phenylethanolamine, and (c) removing the protecting groups to convert the protected chiral phenylethanolamine to a chiral phenylethanolamine.

Abstract: Telecommunication systems comprising base stations (1) and mobile terminals (11) generate channelization codes like Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor codes or OVSF codes defining channels used for communication between base stations (1) and mobile terminals (11) and calculate cost functions for these channelization codes. The base stations (1) are provided with transferors (7) for transferring ongoing calls from first channels defined by first channelization codes to second channels defined by second channelization codes in dependence of calculated cost functions, to be able to treat ongoing calls dynamically, by allocating channels dynamically to ongoing calls. Said transferring is realized via transferring messages. Preferably a low complex cost function is a function of a sum of products of an occupation parameter and a data rate for at least a specific level and divided by a data rate for a neighboring level, to reduce the processing capacity.