Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method, a system and a computer readable storage medium for controlling protection switching on an optical network. The method for controlling protection switching on an optical network includes: determining a low-frequency signal for service protection, and modulating the low-frequency signal for service protection to a transmission channel of a service signal to be protected and transmitting the low-frequency signal; detecting the low-frequency signal over the transmission channel and acquiring transmission quality information of the low-frequency signal; and determining whether to perform protection switching according to the transmission quality information of the low-frequency signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to mechanism for transmission for wideband system in unlicensed spectrum. According to embodiments of the present application, a transmission coordination mechanism is proposed to facilitate transmission in a wideband system. The network device may puncture on-going transmission on neighbor bands to ensure no power leakage to the band with later transmission. In this way, it can minimize the in-device power leakage issue when the network device performs LBT for later transmission.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage media for uplink (UL) positioning of idle or inactive terminal device. In example embodiments, a location management functionality determines a configuration related to an uplink positioning reference signal for a terminal device in an idle or inactive state. The location management functionality indicates the configuration to a location measurement unit. Further, the location management functionality causes a base station to inform the terminal device of the configuration via a paging message to trigger uplink positioning of the terminal device based on the configuration while the terminal device is in the idle or inactive state, or to release the uplink positioning while the terminal device is in the idle or inactive state.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method, device and computer readable medium for paging in new radio systems. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the network device transmits an indication to multiple terminal devices to indicate whether the paging overload occurs on the PO. The terminal device determines whether to continue monitoring the paging message based on the indication. In this way, the power consumption is reduced.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide apparatus, methods and computer readable storage mediums for configuring resources for positioning reference signals. A method comprises determining a second set of resource configuration for positioning reference signal (PRS) mapping to resource elements in the second set, wherein the second set is an extension of the first set of resource configuration for PRS mapping with additional resource elements. The method further comprises transmitting configurations of at least one of the first set and the second set, to configure PRS transmission according to the first set or the second set.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for transmitting positioning measurement report are provided. The method includes a step of receiving a location information request from a serving base station or from a location server, a step of determining timing for transmitting a positioning measurement report, a step of generating a report assisted message based on the determined timing for transmitting the positioning measurement report, and a step of transmitting the report assisted message to the serving base station. The key idea of this disclosure is requesting UL resources for positioning measurement report in advance by transmitting a report assisted message. Consequently, the UE can transmit the positioning measurement report just after the measurement data being generated. The disclosure can minimize the delay from positioning measurement data generation to the positioning measurement report.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method, device and computer readable medium for transmission scheme. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the communication device may transmit an initial message to a further communication device via an antenna in an omnidirectional mode if the transmitting power can be achieved by the antenna in the omnidirectional mode. The communication device may transmit the initial message to the further communication device via the antenna in a directional mode if the transmitting power cannot be achieved by the antenna in the omnidirectional mode. In this way, latency for initializing the connection may be reduced and the successful connections are guaranteed at the same time.

Abstract: There is provided a method comprising: receiving from a second cell at a user equipment in a first state of discontinuous reception mode for a first cell, an indication configured to cause the user equipment to operate in a second state of discontinuous reception mode for the first cell; and receiving, at the user equipment from the first cell, data, said data being scheduled based on the indication.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink grant, the method comprising: transmitting the uplink grant by selecting a downlink subframe from a plurality of candidate downlink subframes each of the plurality of downlink subframes enabling scheduling of at least one user equipment to start transmitting burst data in a uplink subframe.

Abstract: A method comprises configuring, by a base station, a device with a first mode of performing random access procedure. The method includes configuring the device with a second mode of performing random access procedure. The device is configured to access either the first mode of performing random access procedure or the second mode of performing random access procedure. The method also includes configuring an availability of the second mode of performing random access procedure.

Abstract: A method, device and computer readable medium for determining TA. A method includes, the network device (120) determines an estimation of a timing advance and an error of the timing advance based on a random access preamble received from the terminal device (110). The network device (120) determines different communication modes with different lengths of overheads for the terminal device (110) based on the error. The network device (120) may update the estimation of the timing advance based on feedback information from the terminal device (110). In this way, accuracy of the estimation of the timing advancing is improved.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus of obtaining feedback of HARQ acknowledgment information. The method comprises allocating to UE an uplink control channel resource for report of HARQ acknowledgment information related to downlink data transmission on an unlicensed carrier. The method also comprises obtaining feedback of the HARQ acknowledgment information from the UE within a predefined deferral window. The predefined deferral window specifies a minimum delay and a maximum delay for report of the HARQ acknowledgment information. The embodiments of the present disclosure may increase the reliability and reduce the latency of HARQ acknowledgment information feedback. In addition, the embodiments of the present disclosure may not only be for LAA scenarios, but also may be extended to standalone LAA access scenarios on unlicensed carriers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for occupying an unlicensed band channel, thereby avoiding misjudgment of an occupied unlicensed band state. A method for occupying an unlicensed band channel includes: a user equipment receiving a power increase rate of a reference signal transmission unit of an unlicensed band channel determined by a secondary cell (Scell) base station; the user equipment receiving, in the unlicensed band channel, a sub-frame of reference signal transmission unit level power distribution sent by the Scell base station; the user equipment decoding the power increase rate; and the user equipment using the power increase rate to process the sub-frame.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method, a system and a computer readable storage medium for controlling protection switching on an optical network. The method for controlling protection switching on an optical network includes: determining a low-frequency signal for service protection, and modulating the low-frequency signal for service protection to a transmission channel of a service signal to be protected and transmitting the low-frequency signal; detecting the low-frequency signal over the transmission channel and acquiring transmission quality information of the low-frequency signal; and determining whether to perform protection switching according to the transmission quality information of the low-frequency signal.

Abstract: The method implemented at a network device includes dividing a wireless system bandwidth into a plurality of non-overlapping bandwidth ranges each including a plurality of operating channels available for channel bonding. The method also includes allocating one of the plurality of bandwidth ranges for a wireless communication between the network device and a terminal device served by the network device. The method further includes determining, from the plurality of operating channels for the bandwidth range, one operating channel as a primary channel of the wireless communication. Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a corresponding network device, a method implemented at a terminal device and a corresponding terminal device, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium.

Abstract: There is provided a method including determining a first control channel including a first plurality of resources in dependence on a first parameter and the downlink bandwidth; determining a second plurality of resources available on at least a second control channel; and combining the first and second plurality of resources to define an effective control channel for use in signalling acknowledgement data to at least one user apparatus.

Abstract: A method for preparing iron alloy and a cement material, in the field of solid waste recycling, provides an efficient, synergistic effect between main components of carbon, calcium and heavy metal in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash and main components of iron, aluminum and silicon in red mud, so that the iron alloy and cement material can be readily obtained. By using waste to treat waste and using the complementarity of the components of two waste streams, carbon in the MSWI fly ash may provide a reductant to accelerate an iron mineral in the red mud to reduce into metal iron. With the formation of the metal iron, a siderophile heavy metal element in the MSWI fly ash is also accelerated to enter an iron phase. Meanwhile, the cement material is formed by Al2O3 and SiO2 in the red mud and CaO in the MSWI fly ash.

Abstract: A multi-band channel encrypting switch control device is provided. The device comprises a transmission part and a receiving part. The transmission part comprises: a first controller to store a secret key and to send a digital signal; an encrypting unit to encrypt the digital signal; a multi-band transmitter to select a plurality of wavebands to transmit the encrypted signal on the plurality of wavebands under control of the secret key; and a switch. The receiving part comprises: a multi-band detector to receive the encrypted signal transmitted on the plurality of wavebands; a decrypting unit to decrypt the encrypted signal; and a second controller to store the secret key and to decide whether or not to issue a switch signal by processing the signal and making decisions using the process result. A transmission device, a receiving device, and a control method are also provided.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relates to a communication device working on unlicensed frequency band and a method for executing the same. The method comprises: determining a mapping relationship between multiple quality of service (QoS) priority classes and multiple Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) priority classes, wherein the multiple QoS priority classes are in one-to-one correspondence with multiple QoS requirements; and transmitting radio traffic based on the mapping relationship. Embodiments of the present disclosure proposes the mapping relationship between LBT priority class and various QoS priority classes associated with different radio traffic types and presents signaling design and exchange related to the mapping relationship.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for implementing Listen-Before-Talk. According to an embodiment of the present invention, if the channel assessment does not stop at a boundary of the first symbol, the preamble comprises at least a first part, and if the channel assessment stops at the boundary of the first symbol, the preamble comprises a second part. And the first part is transmitted on a remaining portion of the first symbol until the end of the first symbol, and the second part is transmitted on at least one symbol following the first symbol. Besides, the data is transmitted to the receiving device in at least one symbol in the subframe in which the preamble transmission ends.