Abstract: An aromatic or aromatic-like group(s) containing lubricant configured to be adsorbed by a magnetic recording media is formed from (Ar)m(R1oRfR2p)q where Ar is an aromatic group, polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), annulene, cycloalkane or heterocycle, m=1-10, R1 and R2 are moieties containing first and second polar groups, respectively, Rf is a perfluorinated polyether, o=1-10, p=0-10, and q=1-10. The first or second polar group may independently be hydroxyl, phosphonic acid, silanol or carboxylic acid. In an embodiment, the lubricant has the formula: where Ar is a system form d from a PAH, armulene, cycloalkane or heterocycle, X, Y and Z can independently be hydroxyl, a phosphonic acid moiety, a silanol or a carboxylic acid moiety, and where Rf may be CF2O(CF2CF2)nCF2— where n is 1 to 100. Synthesizing the lubricant may entail reacting parabromophenol with (Ar)m(R1oRfR2p)q.

Abstract: A lubricant adheres to a magnetic recording medium via at least one of chemisorption or bonding, and contains a perfluorinated polyether attached to or terminated with a functional group that is phosphonic acid, silanol or carboxylic acid, and may be: R1—Rf—R1 where Rf is —CF2O(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)n—, —CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O)nCF2—, —CF2O[CF(CF3)CF2O]nCF2—, —CF2O(CF2CF2O)m(CF2O)nCF2—, —CF2O(CF2CF2O)nCF2—, n, m is from 1 to 100 and R1 is the functional group. A lubricant is formed from a multiple ether segments according to formula: Re1—Rb1-Ri-Rc-Ri-Rb2—Re2; where Rc includes perfluoroalkyl ether, Rb1 and Rb2 are, independently, a sidechain segment including a perfluoroalkyl ether, optional Ri independently is a divalent linking segment including a functional group including elements from periodic table Group 13-17, and of Re1 and Re2 are phosphonic acid, silanol or carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A test system and a test method for replacing natural gas hydrate with carbon dioxide are disclosed, relating to the technical field of exploitation of natural gas hydrates. The test system comprises a sample reaction vessel, a sample boundary condition loading device, a methane gas supply device, a carbon dioxide gas supply device, an output article collection and measurement device, and a data acquisition control device. A sample-sealing rubber sleeve and an upper sample-sealing plate are arranged in an inner cavity of the vessel, the sample-sealing rubber sleeve, a lower tray and the upper sample-sealing plate form a sample-sealing space. An axial pressure loading plate is arranged on the upper sample-sealing plate, and an upper cover plate is provided with an axial pressure loading injection hole. A side shrouding is provided with a confining pressure loading injection hole and a product discharge hole.

Abstract: A device and a method for transferring and storing a deep in-situ core in a sealed and pressure-maintaining manner includes a pressure vessel, a sealed storage vessel, a control system, a pressure regulation system and at least one spherical valve. The pressure vessel includes a first barrel and a first end sealing piston mounted at a first end of the first barrel and being slidable in the pressure vessel. The sealed storage vessel includes a second barrel and a second end sealing piston which is mounted at a first end of the second barrel. At least one spherical valve is connected between the first barrel and the second barrel. The pressure regulation system is configured for regulating an amount of water in the second barrel. The control system includes a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a controller.

Abstract: A device and a method for transferring and storing a deep in-situ core in a sealed and pressure-maintaining manner includes a pressure vessel, a sealed storage vessel, a control system, a pressure regulation system and at least one spherical valve. The pressure vessel includes a first barrel and a first end sealing piston mounted at a first end of the first barrel and being slidable in the pressure vessel. The sealed storage vessel includes a second barrel and a second end sealing piston which is mounted at a first end of the second barrel. At least one spherical valve is connected between the first barrel and the second barrel. The pressure regulation system is configured for regulating an amount of water in the second barrel. The control system includes a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a controller.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a device and a method for preparing natural gas hydrate under controlled temperature and pressure, which relates to the technical field of rock and soil mechanics test technology and equipment. The device includes a three-axis cylinder outer tube, a temperature adjustment system, a pressure loading system, a gas supply system and a recovery system. The three-axis cylinder outer tube is provided with an accommodating cavity throughout its middle, and the accommodating cavity is provided with an end cover of the three-axis cylinder outer tube at each end thereof. The temperature adjustment system is used to adjust the temperature of the three-axis cylinder outer tube. The pressure loading system is used to apply pressure load to the accommodating cavity. The gas supply system is used to supply a high-pressure gas into the accommodating cavity. The recovery system is used to recover the moisture and gas in the accommodating cavity.

Abstract: A visualization system for simulating excavation of a fluid-structure interaction tunnel includes a fluid-structure interaction tunnel model system, a tunnel model solution supply system, a detection system and an excavation system. The tunnel model solution supply system is configured to inject a nuclide solution to simulate a fluid pressure. The detection system is configured to detect a 3D deformation state of a tunnel surrounding rock and a 3D migration process of the nuclide solution. The excavation system is provided between the detection system and the tunnel model system to simulate tunnel excavation. During the tunnel excavation, a lifting device in the excavation system controls a drilling device to ascend to a set height for operation. During 3D detection, the lifting device controls the drilling device to descend to an initial height to avoid affecting the detection of a detection device.

Abstract: A visual test system for a secondary generation or decomposition of a hydrate includes a hydrate conveying device, a computerized tomography (CT) imaging device, a temperature control device, a pressure control device and a flow control device. The hydrate conveying device includes an annular pipeline structure composed of a plurality of straight pipeline sections and a plurality of curved pipeline sections. The straight pipeline section is able to rotate around an axis thereof under the drive of a pipeline driving device. The CT imaging device is used to perform a three-dimensional (3D) detection inside the pipeline, and includes a turntable, a ray source and a detector. The ray source is able to rotate under the drive of the turntable driving device. The temperature control device, the pressure control device and the flow control device are used to control a gas-liquid mixture's temperature, pressure and flow rate, respectively.

Abstract: A triaxial rock mechanics test system for high-strain-rate cyclic dynamic loading is provided, including: a host loading module, a dynamic cyclic loading module, and a dynamic measurement module. The host loading module includes a loading frame, a triaxial pressure mechanism and an actuator that are provided inside the loading frame. The dynamic cyclic loading module includes a driving mechanism, a fixed mechanism and a mobile mechanism. The dynamic measurement module is configured to acquire axial pressure data, radial deformation data and axial deformation data of the rock sample during a test. In the triaxial rock mechanics test system for high-strain-rate cyclic dynamic loading of the present invention, an energetic rod is driven by an electrical explosion of a metal wire to generate a strong shock wave with controllable peak pressure, duration and waveform.

Abstract: A visible test system includes a test chamber system, a heating system, a pressure control system, and a high-energy accelerator CT detection system configured to scan and detect the seepage and migration of magnetic fluid in fractures in a sample. The test chamber system includes a pressure chamber and a sample encapsulation device immersed in hydraulic oil arranged inside the pressure chamber. The heating system includes a magnetic fluid heating device, a resistance wire heating device and a temperature detection device. The magnetic fluid heating device includes a magnetic fluid loading pump configured to supply the magnetic fluid injected into the sample encapsulation device and an alternating magnetic field control device configured to provide an alternating magnetic field for heating the magnetic fluid. The resistance wire heating device is configured to heat the hydraulic oil. The present invention makes the fracture connectivity change during rock mass fracture visible.

Abstract: The present invention improves the precision in observing cracks in rocks during a hydraulic fracturing test, improving a scientific understanding of the regular pattern of development cracks in of hydraulically fractured rocks. The technical solution includes: hydraulically fracturing the rock with aqueous solutions containing an interventional contrast-enhanced agent, forming hydraulically fractured cracks, wherein the difference in a mass attenuation coefficient ?/? of x-rays between the cracks and the rock is improved by the interventional contrast-enhanced agent in the cracks, moreover, the difference in mass energy absorption coefficient ?en/? of x-rays between the cracks and the rock is improved, then the linear attenuation coefficient of the reception of the detector is changed, improving the imaging resolution for hydraulically fractured cracks in the rock.

Abstract: A method for enhanced interventional imaging for cracks, improving the precision in observing cracks in rock hydraulic fracturing test, benefiting for scientifically understanding regular pattern of development of hydraulically fractured cracks in rocks. The technical solution comprises: hydraulically fracturing the rock with aqueous solutions containing nanoscale interventional contrast-enhanced agent which has a high atomic number; forming hydraulically fractured cracks, wherein the difference in mass attenuation coefficient ?/? of x-ray between the cracks and the rock is improved by the interventional contrast-enhanced agent in the cracks, moreover, the difference in mass energy absorption coefficient ?en/? of x-ray between the cracks and the rock is improved, then the linear attenuation coefficient of the reception of detector is changed, improving the imaging resolution for hydraulically fractured cracks in the rock.

Abstract: A system and computer-implemented method for suggesting social groups is provided. Direct contacts connected to a user of a social networking service are identified. Secondary contacts are further identified, where each of the secondary contacts is connected to at least one of the direct contacts. A set of direct contacts is determined from the direct contacts based on connections between the direct contacts and the secondary contacts. The set of direct contacts is provided as a suggested social group.

Abstract: Systems and methods for returning results to a query based upon topic are disclosed herein. Aspects disclosed can be particularly useful when searching for videos or other media content for which associated textual information are generally relatively sparse compared to other types of content. Text associated with the query can be semantically associated with various domain topics by mapping one or more words included in the query to one or more domain topics based upon a conditional probability of the domain topic given the query. A set of results can be identified based upon a conditional probability of the result given the domain topic.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing system resources on distributed servers are discussed. The servers may determine, using control circuitry, a system resource metric of the server. The system resource metric may be compared with a pre-determined threshold value. Based on the comparison of the system resource metric with a pre-determined threshold value, the server may determine whether to initiate maintenance on the server. If it is determined that maintenance should be initiated, the server may enter a not-in-service mode and the server may initiate maintenance. Once maintenance is complete, the server may exit the not-in-service mode.

Abstract: A system is configured to identify a particular channel that provides content, where the particular channel includes content items; determine a respective first score, for each of the content items, that reflects a measure of quality of the content item; determine a topic distribution, for each of the content items, that indicates a topic conveyed by the content item; assign a second score, to the particular channel, that reflects a measure of quality of the particular channel; determine a particular term for which the particular channel is authoritative based on the first scores, the topic distributions, and the second score; and store information identifying the particular channel as authoritative for the particular term. A new content item, associated with the particular channel and relating to the particular term, may be promoted in search results for a search query relating to the particular term.

Abstract: Systems and methods for returning results to a query based upon topic are disclosed herein. Aspects disclosed can be particularly useful when searching for videos or other media content for which associated textual information are generally relatively sparse compared to other types of content. Text associated with the query can be semantically associated with various domain topics by mapping one or more words included in the query to one or more domain topics based upon a conditional probability of the domain topic given the query. A set of results can be identified based upon a conditional probability of the result given the domain topic.

Abstract: In general, this disclosure describes techniques for providing dynamic active participants in a real-time visual communication session between two or more participants. When there are more participants in the real-time visual communication session than computing devices connected to the communication session can support visual data from, a subset of the participants are chosen to be active participants. Visual data of the active participants are displayed by one or more of the computing devices. The active participants are chosen based on participation properties. Active participants may become passive and passive participants may become active based on the participation properties. The quality of visual data associated with active participants (e.g., compression rate, output display size, etc.) may be iteratively reduced as one or more of the passive participants become active.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for reporting garbage collection operations. A virtual machine that is executable on a computing device can receive a request to be informed prior to execution of garbage collection software on the computing device via a prior up-call. The virtual machine can receive a request to be informed upon completion of execution of the garbage collection software on the computing device via a post up-call. Prior to the execution of the garbage collection software, the virtual machine can initiate execution of the prior up-call to indicate the garbage collection software is to be executed. After the garbage collection software has completed execution, the virtual machine can initiate execution of the post up-call to indicate the garbage collection software has completed execution.

Abstract: A method and system for determining a probability of inferring an unknown attribute value for an attribute of interest for a target node in a social network. The method comprises the steps of receiving as an input attribute values and link relationships for a plurality of additional nodes in the social network, creating a simplified network using the input values and relationships, and calculating the probability of inferring the unknown attribute value for the target node.