Abstract: A separator includes a substrate and a coating. The coating is formed on at least a portion of surface of the substrate. The coating includes composite particles and a binder. The composite particles form bulges on surface of the coating. The composite particles include polyacrylate particles and first inorganic particles. The first inorganic particle is present between at least two of the polyacrylate particles.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a service path protection method, a controller, a device and a system. The method includes: receiving, by an end node of a protection path, a path selection instruction sent by an SDN controller, wherein the path selection instruction comprises a service path and protection path activation type, forwarding relationships respectively of a service path and the protection path in the end node; activating at least one forwarding relationship according to the service path and protection path activation type; and when a fault occurs in the service path, updating the at least one forwarding relationship according to the service path and protection path activation type. The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies and resolve a problem that in an SDN technology, when a fault occurs in a service path, a protection path cannot be used.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate a method, an apparatus, and a system for assigning a tributary port number. The method includes: receiving a service path request message including a service type for establishing a service path used to bear a Lower Order ODU service; determining an OTU link; determining a free tributary slot resource in the OTU link; if a MSI bytes in the OTU link indicates a service type, assigning a tributary port number other than tributary port numbers used by Lower Order ODU services having the same type as the Lower Order ODU service in the OTU link; or if the MSI bytes in the OTU link does not indicate a service type, assigning a tributary port number other than tributary port numbers used by all types of Lower Order ODU services in the OTU link; and sending a service path acknowledgment message to the neighboring node.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and a controller for commissioning a wave division multiplexing optical network during capacity expansion.

Abstract: A method of the present invention includes: acquiring logic optical propagation paths between an egress port of a wavelength selective switch at a receive end and an ingress port of a wavelength selective switch at a transmit end; separately configuring a different wavelength cross connection for the acquired logic optical propagation paths; connecting a communication light source to an ingress port of the wavelength selective switch at the receive end; collecting a wavelength of an optical signal on an egress port of the wavelength selective switch at the transmit end; determining a logic optical propagation path corresponding to the collected wavelength of optical signal; and determining a fiber connection relationship between the egress port of the wavelength selective switch at the receive end and the ingress port of the wavelength selective switch at the transmit end.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a service path protection method, a controller, a device and a system. The method includes: receiving, by an end node of a protection path, a path selection instruction sent by an SDN controller, wherein the path selection instruction comprises a service path and protection path activation type, forwarding relationships respectively of a service path and the protection path in the end node; activating at least one forwarding relationship according to the service path and protection path activation type; and when a fault occurs in the service path, updating the at least one forwarding relationship according to the service path and protection path activation type. The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies and resolve a problem that in an SDN technology, when a fault occurs in a service path, a protection path cannot be used.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a path selecting method and apparatus. The method includes: computing an end-to-end path for a newly added service according to network topology and a wavelength constraint, and assigning a wavelength to the path; computing performance of each existing service and performance of the newly added service in a network according to physical impairment information collected in the network, where the physical impairment information includes a gain reference spectrum of each optical amplifier in the network; and performing impairment check on performance of each service, and performing path selection for the newly added service according to a result of the impairment check. The apparatus includes a path computation module, a performance computation module and an impairment check module. According to the embodiments, efficiency of network update or rerouting is improved.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for equalizing link performance, and relate to the field of optical wavelength division multiplexing. In the present invention, target input power spectra and target output power spectra in all OMS sections in a network and single wave attenuation at a power adjusting point may be concurrently calculated based on link information of the OMS sections, fast adjustment may also be implemented for a complex network topology, and the adjustment may be implemented in a one-off manner to avoid a problem that iteration adjustment is caused by mutual impact of power adjusting points during serial adjustment in a ring network. In addition, it is not required to connect an optical path in the calculation phase, thereby eliminating reliance on a connected optical path in a process for equalizing link performance.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of network communication and particularly discloses a method for monitoring performance of a wavelength path. The method includes: receiving, by a second node, a path request message of a wavelength path from an upstream neighboring node, where the path request message includes at least a path identifier of the wavelength path and second wavelength identifier information; obtaining, by the second node, a wavelength identifier according to the second wavelength identifier information, and recording a mapping relationship between the wavelength path and the wavelength identifier; and determining, by the second node according to the wavelength identifier, a low frequency signal modulated at a working wavelength of the wavelength path, and obtaining performance of the wavelength path by monitoring the low frequency signal. A system for monitoring performance of a wavelength path and a node device are also disclosed in embodiments of the present disclosure.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate a method, an apparatus, and a system for assigning a tributary port number. The method includes: receiving a service path request message including a service type for establishing a service path used to bear a Lower Order ODU service; determining an OTU link; determining a free tributary slot resource in the OTU link; if a MSI bytes in the OTU link indicates a service type, assigning a tributary port number other than tributary port numbers used by Lower Order ODU services having the same type as the Lower Order ODU service in the OTU link; or if the MSI bytes in the OTU link does not indicate a service type, assigning a tributary port number other than tributary port numbers used by all types of Lower Order ODU services in the OTU link; and sending a service path acknowledgment message to the neighboring node.

Abstract: A method of the present invention includes: acquiring logic optical propagation paths between an egress port of a wavelength selective switch at a receive end and an ingress port of a wavelength selective switch at a transmit end; separately configuring a different wavelength cross connection for the acquired logic optical propagation paths; connecting a communication light source to an ingress port of the wavelength selective switch at the receive end; collecting a wavelength of an optical signal on an egress port of the wavelength selective switch at the transmit end; determining a logic optical propagation path corresponding to the collected wavelength of optical signal; and determining a fiber connection relationship between the egress port of the wavelength selective switch at the receive end and the ingress port of the wavelength selective switch at the transmit end.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate a method, an apparatus, and a system for assigning a tributary port number. The method includes: receiving a service path request message which is sent by a neighboring node and carries a service type; determining, according to the service path request message, an OTU link used to bear the ODU service, determining and reserving, according to the service type in the service path request message, a free tributary slot resource used to bear the ODU service in the OTU link, and assigning a tributary port number to the free tributary slot resource; and sending a service path acknowledgment message to the neighboring node.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a path computation element (PCE) configured to perform a path computation using a wavelength converter (WC) pool information based on a dynamic WC pool model, wherein the dynamic WC pool model comprises information regarding WC pool usage state represented using a WC pool usage state vector, and wherein the information regarding WC pool usage state is communicated to the PCE using a WC usage state Type-Length-Value (TLV) that indicates an available WC in a WC pool, a used WC in the WC pool, or both. Also disclosed is a network component comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising receiving a WC usage state TLV comprising information regarding WC pool usage state, establishing a WC pool usage state vector using the information in the WC usage state TLV, and calculating a WC pool connectivity matrix based on the WC usage state vector.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for equalizing link performance, and relate to the field of optical wavelength division multiplexing. In the present invention, target input power spectra and target output power spectra in all OMS sections in a network and single wave attenuation at a power adjusting point may be concurrently calculated based on link information of the OMS sections, fast adjustment may also be implemented for a complex network topology, and the adjustment may be implemented in a one-off manner to avoid a problem that iteration adjustment is caused by mutual impact of power adjusting points during serial adjustment in a ring network. In addition, it is not required to connect an optical path in the calculation phase, thereby eliminating reliance on a connected optical path in a process for equalizing link performance.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and a controller for commissioning a wave division multiplexing optical network during capacity expansion.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communication technologies, and disclose a method for transmitting impairment information, a node, and a network system. The method for transmitting impairment information includes: receiving, by a first node on a path, first impairment information from a previous hop node, and updating the first impairment information to obtain physical impairment parameters of all or a part of available wavelengths at the first node; deleting a wavelength whose physical impairment parameter at the first node exceeds a preset range; and sending second impairment information to a next hop node of the first node when a residual wavelength still exists after the wavelength whose impairment parameter exceeds the preset range is deleted. The second impairment information includes a physical impairment parameter of the residual wavelength at the first node.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a path selecting method and apparatus. The method includes: computing an end-to-end path for a newly added service according to network topology and a wavelength constraint, and assigning a wavelength to the path; computing performance of each existing service and performance of the newly added service in a network according to physical impairment information collected in the network, where the physical impairment information includes a gain reference spectrum of each optical amplifier in the network; and performing impairment check on performance of each service, and performing path selection for the newly added service according to a result of the impairment check. The apparatus includes a path computation module, a performance computation module and an impairment check module. According to the embodiments, efficiency of network update or rerouting is improved.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for monitoring and adjusting optical power, where the method includes: according to a characteristic of a service, calculating a degraded coefficient corresponding to each service; according to a nominal signal-to-noise ratio input and a nominal power input which are between nodes, calculating a nominal signal-to-noise ratio output between the nodes; according to the nominal signal-to-noise ratio input and the nominal signal-to-noise ratio output between the nodes, calculating a nominal degraded degree of an OSNR between the nodes; according to the degraded coefficient corresponding to each service, and the nominal degraded degree of the OSNR between the nodes, calculating a target degraded degree of each service between the nodes; according to the target degraded degree of each service between the nodes, calculating a target optical power adjusting value of each service at a sending end node; and adjust optical power of each service.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of network communication and particularly discloses a method for monitoring performance of a wavelength path. The method includes: receiving, by a second node, a path request message of a wavelength path from an upstream neighboring node, where the path request message includes at least a path identifier of the wavelength path and second wavelength identifier information; obtaining, by the second node, a wavelength identifier according to the second wavelength identifier information, and recording a mapping relationship between the wavelength path and the wavelength identifier; and determining, by the second node according to the wavelength identifier, a low frequency signal modulated at a working wavelength of the wavelength path, and obtaining performance of the wavelength path by monitoring the low frequency signal. A system for monitoring performance of a wavelength path and a node device are also disclosed in embodiments of the present disclosure.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a path computation element (PCE) coupled to a path computation client (PCC) and configured to perform a path computation using port wavelength restriction information for a network element (NE), wherein the port wavelength restriction information is encoded and received in a port wavelength restriction Type-Length-Value (TLV) that comprises a matrix identifier (ID), a restriction type, and the port wavelength restriction information. Also disclosed is a network component comprising at least one processor coupled to a memory and configured to receive a port wavelength restriction information TLV that corresponds to a NE, and obtain a restriction type and port wavelength restriction information based on the restriction type from the port wavelength restriction TLV, and use the port wavelength restriction information to calculate a path for the NE.